Editing Geothermal energy (section)

===Philippines===

The [[Philippines]] began geothermal research in 1962 when the [[Philippine Institute of Volcanology and Seismology]] inspected the geothermal region in [[Tiwi, Albay]].<ref name=":2">{{Cite journal |last1=Sussman |first1=David |last2=Javellana |first2=Samson P. |last3=Benavidez |first3=Pio J. |date=1993-10-01 |title=Geothermal energy development in the Philippines: An overview |url=https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0375-6505%2893%2990024-H |journal=Geothermics |series=Special Issue Geothermal Systems of the Philippines |language=en |volume=22 |issue=5 |pages=353–367 |doi=10.1016/0375-6505(93)90024-H |bibcode=1993Geoth..22..353S |issn=0375-6505}}</ref> The first geothermal power plant in the Philippines was built in 1977, located in Tongonan, [[Leyte]].<ref name=":2" /> The [[New Zealand Government|New Zealand government]] contracted with the Philippines to build the plant in 1972.<ref name=":3">{{Citation |last1=Ratio |first1=Marnel Arnold |title=The Philippine Experience in Geothermal Energy Development |date=2019 |url=https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-78286-7_14 |work=Geothermal Energy and Society |pages=217–238 |editor-last=Manzella |editor-first=Adele |access-date=2022-05-29 |place=Cham |publisher=Springer International Publishing |language=en |doi=10.1007/978-3-319-78286-7_14 |isbn=978-3-319-78286-7 |s2cid=134654953 |last2=Gabo-Ratio |first2=Jillian Aira |last3=Tabios-Hillebrecht |first3=Anna Leah |series=Lecture Notes in Energy |volume=67 |editor2-last=Allansdottir |editor2-first=Agnes |editor3-last=Pellizzone |editor3-first=Anna}}</ref> The Tongonan Geothermal Field (TGF) added the Upper Mahiao, Matlibog, and South Sambaloran plants, which resulted in a 508 MV capacity.<ref name=":4">{{Cite web |last1=Dacillo |first1=Danilo B. |last2=Colo |first2=Marie Hazel B. |last3=Andrino |first3=Romeo P. Jr. |last4=Alcober |first4=Edwin H. |last5=Sta. Ana |first5=Francis Xavier |last6=Malate |first6=Ramonchito Cedric M. |date=April 25–29, 2010 |title=Tongonan Geothermal Field: Conquering the Challenges of 25 Years of Production |url=https://www.geothermal-energy.org/pdf/IGAstandard/WGC/2010/0506.pdf}}</ref>

The first geothermal power plant in the Tiwi region opened in 1979, while two other plants followed in 1980 and 1982.<ref name=":2" /> The Tiwi geothermal field is located about 450&nbsp;km from [[Manila]].<ref>{{Cite web |last1=Fronda |first1=Ariel D. |last2=Marasigan |first2=Mario C. |last3=Lazaro |first3=Vanessa S. |date=April 19–25, 2015 |title=Geothermal Development in the Philippines: The Country Update |url=http://large.stanford.edu/courses/2016/ph240/makalinao1/docs/01053.pdf}}</ref> The three geothermal power plants in the Tiwi region produce 330 MWe, putting the Philippines behind the [[United States]] and [[Mexico]] in geothermal growth.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Alcaraz |first=A.P. |title=Geothermal Energy Development - A Boon to Philippine Energy Self-Reliance Efforts |url=http://large.stanford.edu/courses/2016/ph240/makalinao1/docs/alcaraz.pdf |access-date=May 29, 2022}}</ref> The Philippines has 7 geothermal fields and continues to exploit geothermal energy by creating the Philippine Energy Plan 2012–2030 that aims to produce 70% of the country's energy by 2030.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Cusi |first=Alfonso G. |title=Philippine Energy Plan 2012–2030 Update |url=https://policy.asiapacificenergy.org/sites/default/files/Philippine%20Energy%20Plan%202016-2030.pdf |access-date=May 29, 2022}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Hanson |first=Patrick |date=2019-07-12 |title=Geothermal Country Overview: Philippines |url=https://www.geoenergymarketing.com/energy-blog/geothermal-country-overview-philippines/ |access-date=2022-05-29 |website=GeoEnergy Marketing |language=en-US}}</ref>