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====Direct action and sabotage==== [[File:Vandalized coffee shop Montreal.jpg|thumb|Coffee shop attacked with paint in alleged anti-gentrification attack in the [[Saint-Henri, Montreal|St-Henri neighborhood]] of [[Montreal]], January 2012]] When wealthy people move into low-income working-class neighborhoods, the resulting [[class conflict]] sometimes involves [[vandalism]] and arson targeting the property of the gentrifiers. During the [[dot-com boom]] of the late 1990s, the gentrification of San Francisco's predominantly working class [[Mission District]] led some long-term neighborhood residents to create what they called the "Mission Yuppie Eradication Project".<ref>{{cite web |url=http://artgoodhitlerbad.com/signs-and-wonders/war-is-not-fair-but-it-does-have-class/ |title=War Is Not Fair, But It Does Have Class |website=Art Good, Hitler Bad |date=18 February 2012 |access-date=2 April 2017 |archive-date=28 June 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170628150847/http://artgoodhitlerbad.com/signs-and-wonders/war-is-not-fair-but-it-does-have-class/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> This group allegedly destroyed property and called for property destruction as part of a strategy to oppose gentrification. Their activities drew hostile responses from the [[San Francisco Police Department]], real estate interests, and "work-within-the-system" housing activists.<ref>{{cite news| url=http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?file=/chronicle/archive/1999/06/07/MN91476.DTL | title=Battle Over Gentrification Gets Ugly in S.F.'s Mission / Anarchist arrested, charged with making threats | date=7 June 1999 | work=The San Francisco Chronicle | first=Jaxon | last=Van Derbeken}}</ref> [[Meibion Glyndŵr]] ({{langx|cy|Sons of [[Owain Glyndŵr|Glyndŵr]]}}), also known as the Valley Commandos, was a [[Welsh nationalist]] movement violently opposed to the loss of [[Welsh culture]] and [[Welsh language|language]]. They were formed in response to the housing crisis precipitated by large numbers of second homes being bought by the English which had increased house prices beyond the means of many locals. The group were responsible for setting fire to [[England|English]]-owned [[holiday home]]s in [[Wales]] from 1979 to the mid-1990s. In the first wave of attacks, eight holiday homes were destroyed in a month, and in 1980, Welsh Police carried out a series of raids in [[Operation Tân]]. Within the next ten years, some 220 properties were damaged by the campaign.<ref name="BBC2004">[http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/wales/4084013.stm MP's theory over cottage burnings], BBC News, 10 December 2004. Accessed 9 February 2007.</ref> Since the mid-1990s the group has been inactive and Welsh nationalist violence has ceased. In 1989 there was a movement that protested an influx of Swabians to Berlin who were deemed as gentrification drivers. Berlin saw the [[Schwabenhass]] and 2013 Spätzlerstreit controversies,<ref>{{cite news |last1=Kulish |first1=Nicholas |title=Swabian Separatists Fling Spätzle to Make Their Point |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2013/01/18/world/europe/swabian-separatists-fling-spatzle-to-make-a-point.html |work=The New York Times |date=18 January 2013 }}</ref> which identified gentrification with newcomers from the German south. [[File:Bologna014.jpg|thumb|Canale delle Moline in Bologna]]
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