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===Timeline of Fulani history=== {{unreferenced section|date=July 2018}} {| class="wikitable" ! style="width:120px" |Time|| style="width:400px" |Events |- | '''4th century'''|| The [[Ghana Empire]] emerges in modern-day southeastern Mauritania and western Mali, as the first large-scale Sudano-Sahelian empire |- | '''5th century'''|| The Ghana Empire becomes the most important power in West Africa |- | '''5th century''' (?) || The Fulbe migrate southwards and Eastwards from present-day Morocco and Mauritania{{dubious|date=December 2022}} |- | '''9th century''' || [[Takrur]] founded on the lower Senegal River (present-day Senegal) upon the influx of Fulani from the east and north settling in the Senegal River valley |- | '''11th century''' || Kingdoms of Tekruur and the [[Gao Empire]] flourish in West Africa due to gold trade |- | '''1042''' || [[Almoravid dynasty|Almoravids]], Berber Muslims from southern Morocco and Mauritania, attack Takrur, after defeating the [[Sanhaja]] in 1039 |- | '''1050s''' || Islam gains a strong foothold in West Africa |- | '''1050β1146''' || Almoravids take over Morocco, Algeria, and part of [[al-Andalus]]; they invade Ghana in 1076 and establish power there. |- | '''1062''' || Almoravids found capital at [[Marrakesh]] |- | '''1100''' || The Empire of Ghana starts to decline in influence and importance |- | '''1147'''|| The [[Almohad Caliphate]], ruled by Berber Muslims opposed to the Almoravids, seize Marrakesh and go on to conquer Almoravid Spain, Algeria, and Tripoli |- | '''1150''' || An unprecedented resurgence of the Ghana Empire sees it reach its height, controlling vast areas of western Africa as well as Saharan trade routes in gold and salt |- | '''1200''' || Empire and themselves set out on a road of conquest, they take its capital [[Koumbi Saleh]] in 1203 |- | '''1235''' || Great warrior leader [[Sundiata Keita]] of the [[Mandinka people]] founds the [[Mali Empire]] in present-day Mali, West Africa; it expands under his rule |- | '''1240β1250'''|| Mali absorbs Ghana, Tekruur |- | '''1324''' || 10th Emperor of Mali, [[Musa I of Mali]] regarded as the richest individual in recorded history, goes on his famous pilgrimage to [[Mecca]], Saudi Arabia. his procession reported to include 18,000 workers who each carried {{convert|4|lb||abbr=}} gold bars, heralds dressed in silks who bore gold staffs, organized horses and handled bags. Musa provided all necessities for the procession, feeding the entire company of men and animals. Also in the train were 80 camels, which varying reports claim carried between {{convert|50|and|300|lb|abbr=}} of gold dust each |- | '''1325'''|| The Empire of Mali reaches its height of power, covering much of Northern West Africa. |- | '''1352'''|| [[Ibn Battuta]], Berber scholar, travels across Africa and writes an account of all he sees |- | '''1462'''|| [[Sonni Ali]] becomes ruler of the Songhai people and goes on to build the [[Songhai Empire]] |- | '''1490'''||The Mali empire is overshadowed by the Songhai Empire |- | '''16th century''' || Songhai Empire enters a period of massive expansion and power under [[Askia Mohammad I]]. Askia Mohammad strengthened his country and made it the largest contiguous territory ever in West African history. At its peak, the Empire encompassed the Hausa states as far as [[Kano (city)|Kano]] (in present-day Nigeria) and much of the territory that had belonged to the Songhai empire in the west neighbouring [[Bornu Empire]] of the [[Kanuri people|Kanuri]] |- | '''1515'''|| The Songhai Empire reaches its zenith and pinnacle of power |- | '''1590'''|| Songhai Empire is defeated by invading Moroccans from further North |- | '''1650'''|| Another wave of Fulbe migrations sees them penetrate even further in the Southern Senegal and Fouta Jallon highlands of middle Guinea |- | '''1670'''|| Fulani people gain control of Bhundu in Senegal with Malick Sy, and the Sissibhe |- | '''1673'''|| First unsuccessful Fulani [[jihad]] in the Fuuta Tooro |- | '''1808'''|| Bornu successfully repel Fulani forces |- | '''1893'''|| The French conquer the Fouta-Toro |- | '''1903'''|| The British conquer the Sokoto Caliphate<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.jamtan.com/jamtan/fulani.cfm?chap=2&linksPage=219 |title=Time line |publisher=Jamtan |access-date=2013-12-28 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121122114622/http://www.jamtan.com/jamtan/fulani.cfm?chap=2&linksPage=219 |archive-date=2012-11-22 }}</ref> |}
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