Editing European Union (section)

====Judicial branch====
{{Main|Court of Justice of the European Union}}

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<!-- Court of Justice -->
The [[judicial branch]] of the European Union is formally called the [[Court of Justice of the European Union]] (CJEU) and consists of two courts: the [[European Court of Justice|Court of Justice]] and the [[General Court (European Union)|General Court]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Article 19 of the Treaty on European Union |url=http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=OJ:C:2010:083:0013:0046:EN:PDF |access-date=31 October 2010 |publisher=eur-lex.europa.eu}}</ref> The [[European Court of Justice|Court of Justice]] is the [[supreme court]] of the European Union in matters of [[European Union law]]. As a part of the CJEU, it is tasked with interpreting EU law and ensuring its uniform application across all [[Member state of the European Union|EU member states]] under Article 263 of the Treaty of the Functioning of the European Union (TFEU). The Court was established in 1952, and is based in [[Luxembourg City|Luxembourg]]. It is composed of one judge per [[Member state of the European Union|member state]] – currently 27 – although it normally hears cases in panels of three, five or fifteen judges. The Court has been led by president [[Koen Lenaerts]] since 2015. The CJEU is the highest court of the European Union in matters of [[European Union law|Union law]]. Its case-law provides that EU law has supremacy over any national law that is inconsistent with EU law.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Judgment of the Court of 15 July 1964 in the case of Flaminio Costa v E.N.E.L. |url=https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX%3A61964CJ0006}}</ref> It is not possible to appeal against the decisions of national courts in the CJEU, but rather national courts refer questions of EU law to the CJEU. However, it is ultimately for the national court to apply the resulting interpretation to the facts of any given case. Although, only courts of final appeal are bound to refer a question of EU law when one is addressed. The treaties give the CJEU the power for consistent application of EU law across the EU as a whole. The court also acts as an administrative and constitutional court between the other EU institutions and the Member States and can annul or invalidate unlawful acts of EU institutions, bodies, offices and agencies.

<!-- General Court -->
The [[General Court (European Union)|General Court]] is a constituent court of the European Union. It hears actions taken against the [[institutions of the European Union]] by individuals and member states, although certain matters are reserved for the Court of Justice. Decisions of the General Court can be appealed to the Court of Justice, but only on a point of law. Prior to the coming into force of the [[Lisbon Treaty]] on 1 December 2009, it was known as the Court of First Instance.