Editing Ethnography (section)

===Multispecies ethnography===

Multispecies ethnography in particular focuses on both nonhuman and human participants within a group or culture, as opposed to just human participants in traditional ethnography. A multispecies ethnography, in comparison to other forms of ethnography, studies species that are connected to people and our social lives. Species affect and are affected by culture, economics, and politics.<ref>{{Cite journal | doi=10.1111/j.1548-1360.2010.01069.x|title = The Emergence of Multispecies Ethnography|year = 2010|last1 = Kirksey|first1 = S. Eben|last2 = Helmreich|first2 = Stefan|journal = Cultural Anthropology|volume = 25|issue = 4|pages = 545–576|hdl = 1721.1/61966| s2cid=145087075 |hdl-access = free}}</ref>

The study's roots go back to general anthropology of animals. One of the earliest well-known studies was [[Lewis H. Morgan|Lewis Henry Morgan]]'s The American Beaver and His Works (1868). His study closely observed a group of beavers in Northern Michigan. Morgan's main objective was to highlight that the daily individual tasks that the beavers performed were complex communicative acts that had been passed down for generations.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Morgan |first=Lewis Henry |title=The American beaver: a classic of natural history and ecology |date=1986 |publisher=Dover Publications |isbn=0-486-24995-6 |location=New York |oclc=12135104}}</ref>

In the early 2000s multi-species ethnography took on a huge increase in popularity. The annual meetings of the [[American Anthropological Association]] began to host the [https://www.multispecies-salon.org/ Multispecies Salon],<ref>{{Cite web |title=The Multispecies Salon |url=https://www.multispecies-salon.org/ |access-date=2022-09-19 |website=The Multispecies Salon |language=en-US}}</ref> a collection of discussions, showcases, and other events for anthropologists. The event provided a space for anthropologists and artists to come together and showcase vast knowledge of different organisms and their intertwined systems.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Kirksey |first1=S. Eben |last2=Helmreich |first2=Stefan |title=The Emergence of Multispecies Ethnography |date=November 2010 |url=https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1548-1360.2010.01069.x |journal=Cultural Anthropology |language=en |volume=25 |issue=4 |pages=545–576 |doi=10.1111/j.1548-1360.2010.01069.x|hdl=1721.1/61966 |s2cid=145087075 |hdl-access=free }}</ref>

Multispecies ethnography highlights a lot of the negative effects of these shared environments and systems. Not only does multispecies ethnography observe the physical relationships between organisms, it also takes note of the emotional and psychological relationships built between species.