Editing Emergency department (section)

===Frequent users===
Frequent emergency service users are individuals who present themselves at a hospital much more often than non-frequent presenters.<ref name="pmid22171720222">{{cite journal |vauthors=Markham D, Graudins A |date=December 2011 |title=Characteristics of frequent emergency department presenters to an Australian emergency medicine network |journal=BMC Emergency Medicine |volume=11 |pages=21 |doi=10.1186/1471-227X-11-21 |pmc=3267650 |pmid=22171720 |doi-access=free}}</ref> Many frequent users are homeless individuals seeking shelter and food at the hospital.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Burling |first=Stacey |date=2018-06-28 |title=Shelters, hospitals 'playing ping pong' with Philadelphia's homeless, sick population |url=https://www.inquirer.com/philly/health/homeless-shelters-philadelphia-hospitals-medical-care-temple-jefferson-20180628.html |access-date=2023-09-27 |website=www.inquirer.com |language=en}}</ref> Federal laws and regulations in the United States, like [[EMTALA]] and [[HIPAA]], limit the options of hospital personnel when an individual presents to the ER with a fabricated problem.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Emergency Medical Treatment & Labor Act (EMTALA) {{!}} CMS |url=https://www.cms.gov/medicare/regulations-guidance/legislation/emergency-medical-treatment-labor-act |access-date=2023-09-27 |website=www.cms.gov}}</ref> These individuals do not account for a significant number of visits but typically require a disproportionate amount of hospital resources.<ref name="pmid10905642222">{{cite journal |vauthors=Mandelberg JH, Kuhn RE, Kohn MA |date=June 2000 |title=Epidemiologic analysis of an urban, public emergency department's frequent users |journal=Academic Emergency Medicine |volume=7 |issue=6 |pages=637–46 |doi=10.1111/j.1553-2712.2000.tb02037.x |pmid=10905642}}</ref> To help prevent inappropriate emergency department use and return visits some hospitals offer care coordination and support services such as at-home and in-shelter transitional primary care for frequent users and short-term housing for homeless patients recovering after discharge.<ref>{{cite web |date=27 May 2013 |title=Provider Team Offers Services and Referrals to Frequent Emergency Department Users in Inner City, Leading to Anecdotal Reports of Lower Utilization |url=https://innovations.ahrq.gov/profiles/provider-team-offers-services-and-referrals-frequent-emergency-department-users-inner-city |access-date=17 October 2013 |publisher=Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=23 October 2013 |title=Short-Term Housing and Care for Homeless Individuals After Discharge Leads to Improvements in Medical and Housing Status, Fewer Emergency Department Visits, and Significant Cost Savings |url=https://innovations.ahrq.gov/profiles/short-term-housing-and-care-homeless-individuals-after-discharge-leads-improvements-medical |access-date=23 October 2013 |publisher=Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality}}</ref>