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Edward II of England
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===War with France=== {{Main article|War of Saint-Sardos}} The disagreements between Edward and the French Crown over the Duchy of Gascony led to the [[War of Saint-Sardos]] in 1324.<ref>{{Harvnb|Phillips|2011|pp=455β456}}.</ref> [[Charles IV of France|Charles]], Edward's brother-in-law, had become King of France in 1322, and was more aggressive than his predecessors.<ref>{{Harvnb|Phillips|2011|p=456}}.</ref> In 1323, he insisted that Edward come to Paris to give homage for Gascony, and demanded that Edward's administrators in Gascony allow French officials there to carry out orders given in Paris.<ref>{{Harvnb|Phillips|2011|pp=456β457}}.</ref> Matters came to a head in October when a group of Edward's soldiers hanged a French sergeant for attempting to build a new [[bastide|fortified town]] in the [[Agenais]], a contested section of the Gascon border.<ref>{{Harvnb|Phillips|2011|pp=461β462}}.</ref> Edward denied any responsibility for this incident, but relations between Edward and Charles soured.<ref>{{Harvnb|Haines|2003|pp=274β275}}.</ref> In 1324, Edward dispatched the Earl of Pembroke to Paris to broker a solution, but the earl died suddenly of an illness along the way. Charles mobilised his army and ordered the invasion of Gascony.<ref>{{Harvnb|Phillips|2011|pp=461, 464β465}}.</ref> Edward's forces in Gascony were around 4,400 strong, but the French army, commanded by [[Charles of Valois]], numbered 7,000.<ref name="Phillips2011P464">{{Harvnb|Phillips|2011|p=464}}.</ref> Valois took the Agenais and then advanced further and cut off the main city of [[Bordeaux]].<ref name=Phillips2011P464/> In response, Edward ordered the arrest of any French persons in England and seized Isabella's lands, on the basis that she was of French origin.<ref>{{Harvnb|Phillips|2011|p=466}}.</ref> In November 1324 he met with the earls and the English Church, who recommended that Edward should lead a force of 11,000 men to Gascony.<ref>{{Harvnb|Phillips|2011|p=467}}.</ref> Edward decided not to go personally, sending instead the Earl of Surrey.<ref>{{Harvnb|Phillips|2011|p=468}}.</ref> Meanwhile, Edward opened up fresh negotiations with the French king.<ref>{{Harvnb|Phillips|2011|p=469}}.</ref> Charles advanced various proposals, the most tempting of which was the suggestion that if Isabella and Prince Edward were to travel to Paris, and the prince was to give homage to Charles for Gascony, he would terminate the war and return the Agenais.<ref>{{Harvnb|Phillips|2011|p=470}}.</ref> Edward and his advisers had concerns about sending the prince to France, but agreed to send Isabella on her own as an envoy in March 1325.<ref>{{Harvnb|Phillips|2011|pp=470β471}}.</ref>
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