Editing Cusco (section)

== Culture ==
[[File:Cuzco Décembre 2007 - Balcons.jpg|alt=|thumb|231x231px|A view of the Colonial Balconies of Cusco]]

=== Architecture ===
Due to its antiquity and significance, the center of the city preserves many buildings, squares and streets from pre-Columbian times as well as colonial constructions. That is why the city was declared in 1972 ''as "''Cultural Heritage of the Nation''"'' by Supreme Resolution No. 2900-72-ED.In 1983, during the VII session of the UNESCO World Heritage Committee, it was decided to declare this area as a [[World Heritage Site]] by establishing a central zone that constitutes the World Heritage Site proper and a buffer zone.

One of the characteristics that the Incas achieved with their urban plan in Cusco was the respect for the geographical matrix when building their fabric, since they responded with different design strategies to the rugged topography of the Andean area at 3399 meters above sea level

=== Language ===
The native language is [[Quechuan languages|Quechua]], although the city's inhabitants mostly speak Spanish. The [[Quechua people]] are the last living descendants of the [[Inca Empire]]. 
[[File:Museo de la Casa Garcilaso, Cusco 02.jpg|thumb|[[Regional Historical Museum of Cusco|Museo Histórico Regional]] Casa del Inka Garcilaso de La Vega]]

===Museums===
{{See also|Inca art|Cusco School}}

Cusco has the following important museums:<ref>[http://theonlyperuguide.com/2013/01/peru-travel-tips-museums-in-cusco-worth-visiting-and-worth-avoiding/ Museums in Cusco] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170901201956/http://theonlyperuguide.com/2013/01/peru-travel-tips-museums-in-cusco-worth-visiting-and-worth-avoiding/ |date=1 September 2017 }} theonlyperuguide.com</ref>

*[[Museo de Arte Precolombino, Cusco|Museo de Arte Precolombino]]
*[[Machu Picchu Museum]]
*[[Inka Museum]]
*[[Regional Historical Museum of Cusco|Museo Histórico Regional de Cuzco]]
*[[Center of the Traditional Textiles of Cusco]]
There are also some museums located at churches, like the [[Church of San Francisco, Cusco|Museum and Convent of San Francisco]] and the Museum of [[Qoricancha]] Temple
[[File:Procesión del Corpus Cristi, Cusco.jpg|thumb|Mercedarian Friars in the Corpus Christi procession at the Main Square of Cusco. 17th century. [[Cusco School|Cusco Colonial Painting School]]. Painting currently located at the Archbishop's Palace of Cusco.]]

=== Religion ===

The most common practiced religion in Cusco is [[Catholicism]]. The [[Inca religion]] is also practiced by the [[Quechua people]]. Cusco hosts the great mass ceremonies and imperial festivities, such as the Inti Raymi or Festival of the Sun, which continues to take place during the winter solstice – the solar new year – which is celebrated every 24 June on the esplanade of Sacsayhuamán.

Currently, the majority of the population belongs to the Catholic Church, with Cuzco being the archbishopric. The largest and oldest cathedral is the [[Cusco Cathedral]]. It is home to the [[Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Cusco]].<gallery mode="packed">
File:Museo de Arte Religioso del Arzobispado, Cusco, Perú, 2015-07-31, DD 61.JPG|Museum of Religious Art of Arzobispado
File:EL IMPONENTE CORICANCHA.jpg|The Convent of Santo Domingo, built on the Coricancha temple.
File:Sacsayhuaman-c04.jpg|Sacsayhuamán Esplanade, where the Inti Raymi festival takes place.
</gallery>

=== Cuisine ===
[[File:Cuy asado.jpg|thumb|{{Lang|qu|Cuy}} (Guinea Pig)]]As capital to the Inca Empire, Cusco was an important agricultural region. It was a natural reserve for thousands of native Peruvian species, including around 3,000 varieties of potato cultivated by the people.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Leighton |first1=Paula |date=7 July 2023 |title=Peru city bans GM to protect native potatoes |url=http://www.scidev.net/en/news/peru-city-bans-gm-to-protect-native-potatoes.html |access-date=21 February 2012 |publisher=scidev.net |archive-date=15 February 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120215195217/http://www.scidev.net/en/news/peru-city-bans-gm-to-protect-native-potatoes.html |url-status=live }}</ref> Fusion and neo-Andean restaurants developed in Cusco, in which the cuisine is prepared with modern techniques and incorporates a blend of traditional Andean and international ingredients.<ref>{{cite web |date=20 November 2007 |title=Restaurantes |url=http://www.sazonperu.com/busqueda/ciudad/index.php?idprov=137&flag=1&iddpto=8&idio= |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071120020007/http://www.sazonperu.com/busqueda/ciudad/index.php?idprov=137&flag=1&iddpto=8&idio= |archive-date=20 November 2007 |website=Sazón Perú  }}</ref> Cuy (guinea pig), a native animal in Cusco, is a popular dish in the city.

The local [[gastronomy]] presents a diversified array of dishes resulting from the mestizaje and fusion of its [[Pre-Inca period|pre-Inca]], [[Inca Empire|Inca]], [[Colonial history of Cusco|colonial]], and [[Republican history of Cusco|modern]] traditions. It is a variation of [[Cuisine of Peru#Andean cuisine|Andean Peruvian cuisine]], although it maintains some typical cultural traits of southern Peru.
Although the list of typical dishes may vary among individuals, Tapia and García present a list of foods and beverages usually found in a Cusco picantería:<ref>{{cite thesis |last1=Tapia Peña |first1=Saúl |last2=García Huallpa |first2=Juan Fabrizio |title=Picanterías típicas para la promoción turística en el barrio de San Blas del Cusco |type=Licentiate thesis |publisher=Universidad Nacional de San Antonio Abad del Cusco |url=http://repositorio.unsaac.edu.pe/bitstream/handle/UNSAAC/949/253T20110022.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y |date=2011 }}{{Dead link|date=May 2025 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref>

==== Foods ====
{{div col|colwidth=15em}}
*Costillar frito (fried ribs)
*Caldo de panza (tripe soup)
*Panza apanada (breaded tripe)
*Chuleta frita (fried chop)
*[[Tarwi]]
*Carne a la parrilla (grilled meat)
*Pecho dorado (golden chest)
*[[Malaya frita]] (fried flank steak)
*Churrasco al jugo (juicy steak)
*Estofado de canuto (stewed canuto)
*Ubre apanada (breaded udder)
*Caldo de malaya (flank steak soup)
*Suflé de rocoto (rocoto soufflé)
*[[Chicharrón#Perú|Chicharrón]] (fried pork)
*Choclo con queso (corn with cheese)
*[[Guinea pig|Cuy]] al horno (baked guinea pig)
*Solterito de kuchicara (kuchicara salad)
*Corazón a la brasa (grilled heart)
{{div col end}}

Other dishes include [[Chairo (stew)|chairo]], [[Adobo de chancho|adobo]], [[rocoto relleno]], [[kapchi]], [[lawa (food)|lawas]] or creams made with corn or [[chuño]], and [[Timpu]], a dish originating from Cusco served during [[Carnival]]

==== Beverages ====
*[[Chicha de jora]]
*[[Frutillada]]
[[File:Chiriuchu.jpg|thumb|Plate of Chiri Uchu]]

==== Chiri Uchu ====
''Chiri Uchu'' is a typical dish of the locality not offered in picanterías, as it is consumed in June during the Cusco festivities of [[Inti Raymi]] and, primarily, during the [[Feast of Corpus Christi|Corpus Christi]]. It is considered one of the most authentic gastronomic expressions of Cusco as it blends both native flavors of the [[Andes]] and those brought by the [[Spanish conquistadors]]. It is a cold dish that includes various meats ([[Guinea pig#As food|cuy]], [[Gallina|boiled chicken]], [[charqui]], [[morcilla]] (blood sausage), [[salchicha]] (sausage)), [[potatoes]], [[cheese]], corn cake, fish roe, and lake algae.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Ramírez |first1=Diana |title=Tradición ancestral: Chiri Uchu |work=Perú Gastronomía |date=9 April 2019 |url=https://peru.gastronomia.com/noticia/8864/tradicion-ancestral-chiri-uchu |access-date=27 November 2019 |archive-date=20 September 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200920000810/https://peru.gastronomia.com/noticia/8864/tradicion-ancestral-chiri-uchu |url-status=dead }}</ref>

=== Music ===
====[[Centro Qosqo de Arte Nativo]]====
[[File:Cuzco (1981) 40.jpg|thumbnail|Performance in 1981 at the [[Centro Qosqo de Arte Nativo]]]]
A folkloric institution established in 1924. It is considered the most important folkloric institution in the city<ref name=cqan>{{cite book |last1=Mendoza |first1=Zoila |title=Crear y sentir lo nuestro: folclor, identidad regional y nacional en el Cuzco, siglo XX |date=2006 |publisher=Fondo Editorial de la PUCP |location=Lima |isbn=9972-42-770-6 |edition=First }}</ref> and was recognized by the [[Peruvian government]] as the first folkloric institution in the country<ref name="cqan"/> and by the regional government as a Living Cultural Heritage of the Cusco region.<ref>{{cite news |title=Centro Qosqo de Arte Nativo declared Living Cultural Heritage of the Cusco region |url=https://andina.pe/agencia/noticia.aspx?id=188687 |access-date=26 September 2019 |agency=Andina |date=10 August 2008 |archive-date=26 September 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190926173457/https://andina.pe/agencia/noticia.aspx%3Fid%3D188687 |url-status=live }}</ref>

====Cusco Symphony Orchestra====
It is a permanent artistic group of the Decentralized Directorate of Culture of the [[Cusco Regional Government]], created by Directoral Resolution No. 021/INC-Cusco on 10 March 2009. It performs more than 50 concerts a year and uses the [[Cusco Municipal Theater]].

=== Sport ===
[[File:Estadio Inca Garcilaso de la Vega.jpg|thumb|200px|[[Estadio Garcilaso|Inca Garcilaso de la Vega Stadium]]]]
The most popular sport in the city is [[football (soccer)]], with three main clubs. [[Club Sportivo Cienciano|Cienciano]] participates in the [[Peruvian Primera División|Liga 1 (First Division)]] and is the only Peruvian club to win an international tournament, winning the [[2003 Copa Sudamericana]] and [[2004 Recopa Sudamericana]].

Another historic team is [[Club Deportivo Garcilaso|Deportivo Garcilaso]], which was promoted to [[Peruvian Primera División|Liga 1]] after winning the [[2022 Copa Perú|Copa Perú 2022]]. There is also [[Cusco Football Club]], formerly known as Real Garcilaso, which played in the [[Peruvian Primera División|First Division]] from 2012 to 2021 after winning the [[Copa Perú]] in 2011. In 2022, it was promoted again to [[Peruvian Primera División|Liga 1]] after winning the [[Peruvian Segunda División|Second Division of Peru]]. Among other events, the Cusco was a venue for the [[2004 Copa América]], hosting the third-place match between the [[Colombia national football team|Colombia]] and [[Uruguay national football team|Uruguay]] national teams.

=== Cinema ===
The [[International Short Film Festival]] (FENACO) was an important international film festival in southern Peru, held every November since 2004 in the imperial city of Cusco.<ref name=cine1>[https://web.archive.org/web/20080612110333/http://www.festivalcinecusco.com/menu.html National and International Short Film Festival Cusco Peru]</ref>
Originally, it was a national event dedicated to the short film format (up to 30 minutes in length), with international showcases, hence its name FENACO (''Festival Internacional de Cortometrajes''), a name popularized in Peru and worldwide to recognize the festival. However, due to the reception and response from filmmakers, producers, and distributors from different countries, it evolved into an international festival, reaching 354 short films in competition from 37 countries in its sixth edition.<ref name=cine1 />