Editing Containerization (section)

=== Loss at sea ===
[[File:Im Orkan, Container über Bord - Nordatlantik im Winter 1980.jpg|thumb|<small>In a [[hurricane]] containers falling overboard – [[North Atlantic]] in winter 1980</small>]]
Containers occasionally fall from ships, usually during storms. According to media sources, between 2,000<ref name=TTlost>[http://www.ttclub.com/TTCLUB/PubArc.nsf/D5E4C4B3A805731980256792004C617E/02CE747115C182F780256A6500596BF5?OpenDocument Containers Overboard!]{{dead link|date=September 2018|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}} ''[http://www.ttclub.com/ttclub/public.nsf/html/MGRY-6VLER3?OpenDocument TT Club] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110304184259/http://www.ttclub.com/ttclub/public.nsf/html/MGRY-6VLER3?OpenDocument |date=March 4, 2011}}'' (Maritime insurers). Accessed: 26 February 2011.</ref> and 10,000 containers are lost at sea each year.<ref>Podsada, Janice. (2001-06-19) 'Lost Sea Cargo: Beach Bounty or Junk?', ''National Geographic News''.[https://web.archive.org/web/20010703073644/http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2001/06/0619_seacargo.html] Retrieved 2007-04-17</ref> The [[World Shipping Council]] states in a survey among freight companies that this claim is grossly excessive and calculated an average of 350 containers to be lost at sea each year, or 675 if including catastrophic events.<ref name="WSClost">[http://www.worldshipping.org/industry-issues/safety/Containers_Overboard__Final.pdf] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130827190457/http://www.worldshipping.org/industry-issues/safety/Containers_Overboard__Final.pdf|date=2013-08-27}} ''[http://www.worldshipping.org]'' (World Shipping Council). Accessed: 11 July 2013.</ref> For instance, on November 30, 2006, a container washed ashore<ref>{{cite web |author=© November 30, 2006 |url=http://hamptonroads.com/node/189201 |title=Photos: Spilled Doritos chips wash up on Outer Banks &#124; HamptonRoads.com &#124; PilotOnline.com |publisher=HamptonRoads.com |date=2006-11-30 |access-date=2011-11-28 |archive-date=2011-12-13 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111213005134/http://hamptonroads.com/node/189201 |url-status=dead }}</ref> on the Outer Banks of [[North Carolina]], along with thousands of bags of its cargo of [[Doritos|Doritos Chips]]. Containers lost in rough waters are smashed by cargo and waves, and often sink quickly.<ref name=TTlost/> Although not all containers sink, they seldom float very high out of the water, making them a shipping hazard that is difficult to detect. Freight from lost containers has provided [[oceanographer]]s with unexpected opportunities to track global [[ocean current]]s, notably a cargo of [[Friendly Floatees]].<ref>[https://www.cbsnews.com/news/rubber-duckies-map-the-world/ "Rubber Duckies Map The World"]  – [[CBS News]] – July 31, 2003</ref>

In 2007 the [[International Chamber of Shipping]] and the [[World Shipping Council]] began work on a code of practice for container storage, including crew training on [[parametric rolling]], safer stacking, the marking of containers, and security for above-deck cargo in heavy swell.<ref name=lash>Murdoch & Tozer. [http://www.standard-club.com/docs/CTCMG2CSAW_disclaimer.pdf A Master's guide to Container Securing] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110716130339/http://www.standard-club.com/docs/CTCMG2CSAW_disclaimer.pdf |date=July 16, 2011}} ''[[Lloyd's Register]] & Standard P&I Club''. Accessed: 26 February 2011.</ref><ref>{{cite news | title =Banana box slip a worry | work =Lloyd's List Daily Commercial News | publisher =Informa Australia | date =2008-02-07 | url =http://www.lloydslistdcn.com.au/informaoz/LLDCN/home.jsp?source=fresh | archive-url =https://web.archive.org/web/20051216222205/http://www.lloydslistdcn.com.au/informaoz/LLDCN/home.jsp?source=fresh | url-status =dead | archive-date =2005-12-16 | access-date =2008-02-14}}</ref>

In 2011, the [[MV Rena]] ran aground off the coast of New Zealand. As the ship listed, some containers were lost, while others were held on board at a precarious angle.