Editing Cleveland (section)

=== Music ===
[[File:Franz Welser-Möst 2.jpg|thumb|Conductor [[Franz Welser-Möst]] leading the [[Cleveland Orchestra]]]]
The Cleveland Orchestra is widely considered one of the world's finest orchestras, and often referred to as the finest in the nation.<ref>{{cite news |last=Allen |first=David |title=The Cleveland Orchestra, America's Finest, Restarts Recording |newspaper=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2020/10/09/arts/music/cleveland-orchestra-classical-music.html |access-date=June 19, 2023 |date=October 9, 2020 |quote=The Cleveland Orchestra is America's finest, still. }}</ref> It is one of the "[[Big Five (orchestras)|Big Five]]" major orchestras in the U.S.{{sfn|Rosenberg|2000|p=522}} The orchestra plays at [[Severance Hall]] in University Circle during the winter and at [[Blossom Music Center]] in [[Cuyahoga Falls, Ohio|Cuyahoga Falls]] during the summer.<ref>{{cite web |title=Mission & History |publisher=The Cleveland Orchestra |url=https://www.clevelandorchestra.com/about/mission-and-history/ |access-date=August 9, 2019 }}</ref> The city is also home to the [[Cleveland Pops Orchestra]], [[Apollo's Fire]] Baroque Orchestra, the [[Cleveland Orchestra Youth Orchestra|Cleveland Youth Orchestra]], the [[Contemporary Youth Orchestra]], the [[Cleveland Youth Wind Symphony]], and the biennial [[Cleveland International Piano Competition]] which has, in the past, often featured the Cleveland Orchestra.<ref>{{cite web |title=About |publisher=Piano Cleveland |url=https://www.pianocleveland.org/about/ |access-date=June 4, 2023 }}</ref>

One Playhouse Square, now the headquarters for Cleveland's [[public broadcasting|public broadcasters]], was initially used as the broadcast studios of WJW (AM), where disc jockey Alan Freed first popularized the term "rock and roll".<ref name="freed" /> Beginning in the 1950s, Cleveland gained a strong reputation as a key breakout market for rock music.<ref name="rock-n-roll">{{cite encyclopedia |title=Rock 'n' Roll |encyclopedia=The Encyclopedia of Cleveland History |date=May 13, 2023 |publisher=Case Western Reserve University |url=https://case.edu/ech/articles/r/rock-n-roll |access-date=May 19, 2023 }}</ref> Its popularity in the city was so great that Billy Bass, the program director at the [[WMMS]] radio station, referred to Cleveland as "The Rock and Roll Capital of the World".<ref name="rock-n-roll" /> The [[Agora Theatre and Ballroom|Cleveland Agora Theatre and Ballroom]] has served as a major venue for rock concerts in the city since the 1960s.<ref>{{cite encyclopedia |title=Agora/Agora Ballroom |encyclopedia=The Encyclopedia of Cleveland History |date=February 19, 2020 |publisher=Case Western Reserve University |url=https://case.edu/ech/articles/a/agoraagora-ballroom |access-date=June 1, 2021 }}</ref> From 1974 through 1980, the city hosted the [[World Series of Rock]] at [[Cleveland Stadium|Cleveland Municipal Stadium]].{{sfn|Toman|1997|pp=64–65}}

Jazz and R&B have a long history in Cleveland. Many major figures in jazz performed in the city, including [[Louis Armstrong]], [[Cab Calloway]], [[Duke Ellington]], [[Ella Fitzgerald]], [[Dizzy Gillespie]], and [[Billie Holiday]].<ref name="CLEjazz">{{cite encyclopedia |title=Jazz |encyclopedia=The Encyclopedia of Cleveland History |publisher=Case Western Reserve University |url=https://case.edu/ech/articles/j/jazz |access-date=June 14, 2019 |date=June 29, 2018 }}</ref>{{sfn|Mosbrook|2013|pp=32–33, 59, 126}} Legendary pianist [[Art Tatum]] regularly played in Cleveland clubs in the 1930s,<ref name="CLEjazz" /> and [[gypsy jazz]] guitarist [[Django Reinhardt]] gave his U.S. debut performance in Cleveland in 1946.<ref>{{cite web |last=Meiksins |first=Robin |title=Django Reinhardt at the Music Hall |website=Cleveland Historical |publisher=Cleveland State University |url=http://clevelandhistorical.org/items/show/525 |access-date=August 5, 2019 }}</ref> Prominent jazz artist [[Noble Sissle]] was a graduate of [[Central High School (Cleveland, Ohio)|Cleveland Central High School]], and [[Artie Shaw]] worked and performed in Cleveland early in his career.<ref name="CLEjazz" /> The Tri-C Jazz Fest has been held annually in Cleveland at Playhouse Square since 1980, and the Cleveland Jazz Orchestra was established in 1984.{{sfn|Mosbrook|2013|p=193}}

The city has a history of [[polka]] music being popular both past and present and is the location of the [[Polka Hall of Fame]]. There is even a subgenre called [[Slovenian-style polka|Cleveland-style polka]], named after the city. The music's popularity is due in part to the success of [[Frankie Yankovic]], a Cleveland native who was considered "America's Polka King".<ref>{{cite encyclopedia |last=Valencic |first=Joseph |title=Polkas |encyclopedia=The Encyclopedia of Cleveland History |date=June 18, 2018 |publisher=Case Western Reserve University |url=https://case.edu/ech/articles/p/polkas |access-date=July 1, 2023 }}</ref>

There is a significant [[hip hop music]] scene in Cleveland. In 1997, the Cleveland hip hop group [[Bone Thugs-n-Harmony]] won a [[Grammy Award for Best Rap Performance by a Duo or Group|Grammy]] for their song "[[Tha Crossroads]]".<ref>{{Cite web |title=Bone Thugs-N-Harmony {{!}} Biography & History |website=AllMusic |url=http://www.allmusic.com/artist/bone-thugs-n-harmony-mn0000081316/biography |access-date=October 20, 2015 }}</ref>