Editing Child labour (section)

=== Iran ===
{{Main|Child labour in Iran}}
The phenomenon of children labour is one of the social issues of Iranian society, which has taken on serious and diverse dimensions over time. Researches and official and unofficial data show that this social damage is more common in big cities. Also, research data shows that most of the working children in Tehran province are related to [[Afghans in Iran|Afghan children]] who have immigrated to Iran legally or illegally.<ref>{{Cite news |title=Afghan Child Workers in Iran: Registered but still Trafficked |url=https://iranwire.com/en/features/67424/ |work=Iran Wire |date=8 August 2020 |first=Bagher |last=Ebrahimi}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |date=2015-06-01 |title=A report card: Iran and its Afghan children |language=en-GB |work=The Guardian |url=http://www.theguardian.com/world/iran-blog/gallery/2015/jun/01/a-report-card-iran-and-its-afghan-children |access-date=2023-12-07 |issn=0261-3077}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Iran needs more help to support Afghan refugees – UNHCR chief |url=https://www.unhcr.org/news/stories/iran-needs-more-help-support-afghan-refugees-unhcr-chief |website=UNHCR |first=Gisella |last=Lomax |date=4 September 2018}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=To be an Afghan child worker in Iran |url=https://www.opendemocracy.net/en/beyond-trafficking-and-slavery/to-be-an-afghan-child-worker-in-iran/ |website=Open Democracy |date=11 October 2021 |first1=Sahar |last1=Mousavi |first2=Ghazaal |last2=Bozorgmehr}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Children of Afghan migrants in Iran |url=https://conference.iza.org/conference_files/AMM_2015/naghsh%20nejad_m9218.pdf |first=Maryam |last=Naghsh Nejad}}</ref>

[[Kameel Ahmady]], a [[social research]]er and winner of the Literature and Humanities award from the [[World Peace Foundation]], while emphasizing the fact that most of the children labour in [[Tehran province]] are Afghan children, along with his colleagues believes that with the continuation of Iran's economic crisis, the lack of proper mechanisms to manage and control the phenomenon and absence of legal working visa scheme for Afghan immigrants have caused this social harm to spread.<ref>{{Cite journal |url=https://japer.in/article/traces-of-childhood-exploitation-a-comprehensive-study-on-the-forms-of-child-labour-in-iran-ck8uxwz4tfv8wjj |title=Traces of Childhood Exploitation: A Comprehensive Study on the Forms, Causes and Consequences of Child Labour in Iran, Paper presented at the 2th International Conferences on Economics and Social Sciences Hosted by The Polytechnic of Guarda PORTUGAL, pp. 145–167, August 27 – 28, 2022.|journal=Journal of Advanced Pharmacy Education and Research |date=20 February 2024 |volume=13 |issue=4–2023 |pages=57–64 |doi=10.51847/blnsUHGGhq |last1=Ahmady |first1=Kameel |doi-access=free }}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |author-link=Kameel Ahmady |title=Gender differences in child labour: A systematic review of causes, forms, features and consequences, Paper presented at the 8th International Conferences on Economics and Social Sciences hosted by Cyprus Science University, Antalya, TURKEY, pp. 315–348, October 2022. |url=https://kameelahmady.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/10/Gender-differences.pdf |journal=The 8th International Conferences on Economics and Social Sciences}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |url=https://www.ej-social.org/index.php/ejsocial/article/view/464 |last=Ahmady |first=Kameel |title=Exploitation and Exclusion: A Socio-Cultural Analysis of Child Labour in Iran, 2022, 13th Eurasian Conferences on Language and Social Sciences pp. 561– 583|journal=European Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences |date=14 July 2023 |volume=3 |issue=4 |pages=13–25 |doi=10.24018/ejsocial.2023.3.4.464 |doi-access=free }}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |author-link=Kameel Ahmady |title=Violation: Child Labour Rights in Iran – Analysis and Solutions, 7th International Conference on Economics and Social Sciences, Cyprus Science University, 2022, pp. 91–115 |url=https://kameelahmady.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/04/7th-International-Conference-on-Economics-and-Social-Sciences-Cyprus-Science-University-of-Cypurs-.pdf |journal=7th International Conference on Economics and Social Sciences}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Ahmady |first=Kameel |date=2021 |title=Traces of Exploitation in Childhood A Comprehensive Research on Forms, Causes and Consequences of Child Labour in Iran |publisher=Avaye Buf, Denmark}}</ref>

[[Abdolreza Rahmani Fazli]], the Minister of Interior at the time in August 2019, while analysing and describing the situation of working children in Tehran, said: "Reports show that street children live in poor conditions and are exploited." One thing that should be noted is that up to 80% of these children are non-Iranian. Considering that some of these children were Afghan nationals, we have raised the issue with the embassy of this country. If other institutions cooperate, we can take appropriate measures to organise street children, but if they do not cooperate. It has also been decided to issue arrest warrants for gangs exploiting children with the cooperation of the police force and the judicial system.<ref>{{Cite web |trans-title=Iran's Interior Minister: 80% of street children in Tehran are foreigners |date=28 July 2019 |url=https://parsi.euronews.com/2019/07/28/eighty-percent-of-the-child-labour-in-tehran-are-foreigners |language=fa |title=وزیر کشور ایران: ۸۰ درصد کودکان خیابانی در تهران خارجی هستند |website=EuroNews}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |trans-title=Rahmani Fazli: 80% of street children in Tehran are foreigners |url=https://www.tasnimnews.com/fa/news/1398/05/06/2063570/%D8%B1%D8%AD%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C-%D9%81%D8%B6%D9%84%DB%8C-80-%D8%AF%D8%B1%D8%B5%D8%AF-%DA%A9%D9%88%D8%AF%DA%A9%D8%A7%D9%86-%D8%AE%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C-%D8%AF%D8%B1-%D8%AA%D9%87%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86-%D8%A7%D8%B2-%D8%A7%D8%AA%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%B9-%D8%AE%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%AC%DB%8C-%D9%87%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%86%D8%AF |language=fa |title=رحمانی فضلی: ۸۰ درصد کودکان خیابانی در تهران از اتباع خارجی هستند |website=Tasnim News }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |trans-title=Rahmani Fazli's solution about street children |date=24 October 2017 |url=https://www.mashreghnews.ir/news/790255/%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%87-%D8%AD%D9%84-%D8%B1%D8%AD%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C-%D9%81%D8%B6%D9%84%DB%8C-%D8%AF%D8%B1%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%87-%DA%A9%D9%88%D8%AF%DA%A9%D8%A7%D9%86-%D8%AE%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C |script-title=fa:راه حل رحمانی فضلی درباره کودکان خیابانی |website=Mashregh News |language=fa}}</ref>

In [[Isfahan province]], the Iranian Department of State Welfare (''behzisti'') keeps a database of the scanned retina irises of a number of working street kids, and have put "child friendly" measures in place to support them, reduce the social harm from their presence, and improve their quality of life.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-06-12 |script-title=fa:پذیرش ۳۱۹ کودک کار در اصفهان/تهیه بانک اطلاعاتی کودکان کار با دستگاه اسکن عنبیه - ایمنا |url=https://www.imna.ir/news/581184/%D9%BE%D8%B0%DB%8C%D8%B1%D8%B4-%DB%B3%DB%B1%DB%B9-%DA%A9%D9%88%D8%AF%DA%A9-%DA%A9%D8%A7%D8%B1-%D8%AF%D8%B1-%D8%A7%D8%B5%D9%81%D9%87%D8%A7%D9%86-%D8%AA%D9%87%DB%8C%D9%87-%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%86%DA%A9-%D8%A7%D8%B7%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%B9%D8%A7%D8%AA%DB%8C-%DA%A9%D9%88%D8%AF%DA%A9%D8%A7%D9%86-%DA%A9%D8%A7%D8%B1-%D8%A8%D8%A7 |access-date=2022-06-12 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220612164814/https://www.imna.ir/news/581184/%D9%BE%D8%B0%DB%8C%D8%B1%D8%B4-%DB%B3%DB%B1%DB%B9-%DA%A9%D9%88%D8%AF%DA%A9-%DA%A9%D8%A7%D8%B1-%D8%AF%D8%B1-%D8%A7%D8%B5%D9%81%D9%87%D8%A7%D9%86-%D8%AA%D9%87%DB%8C%D9%87-%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%86%DA%A9-%D8%A7%D8%B7%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%B9%D8%A7%D8%AA%DB%8C-%DA%A9%D9%88%D8%AF%DA%A9%D8%A7%D9%86-%DA%A9%D8%A7%D8%B1-%D8%A8%D8%A7 |archive-date=12 June 2022 |language=fa |website=IMNA |trans-title=Admission of 319 working children in Isfahan: preparation of database of working children with iris scanning device}}</ref>

Only Tehran as of June 2023 has seventy thousand working children they also collect recycles.<ref>{{Cite web |title=۷۰هزار کودک کار و خیابان در تهران|url=https://www.irna.ir/news/85136661/%DB%B7%DB%B0-%D9%87%D8%B2%D8%A7%D8%B1-%DA%A9%D9%88%D8%AF%DA%A9-%DA%A9%D8%A7%D8%B1-%D9%88-%D8%AE%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%86-%D8%AF%D8%B1-%D8%AA%D9%87%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86 |access-date=3 April 2024 |website=www.irna.ir |date=11 June 2023 |language=fa |trans-title=70 thousand working and street children in Tehran}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2020-09-11 |title=ایران بیش از 70 هزار کودک کار دارد |url=https://farsi.alarabiya.net/2020/09/11/%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86-%D8%A8%DB%8C%D8%B4-%D8%A7%D8%B2-70-%D9%87%D8%B2%D8%A7%D8%B1-%DA%A9%D9%88%D8%AF%DA%A9-%DA%A9%D8%A7%D8%B1-%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%AF |access-date=2023-06-11 |website=farsi.alarabiya.net |language=fa |trans-title=Iran has more than 70 thousand working children}}</ref>

As of July 2023 %15 of children are child labour, 8% do not have a residence. 10 per cent of children are not in school.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.tasnimnews.com/fa/news/1402/05/08/2933327/%DA%A9%D8%A7%D8%B1-%DA%A9%D9%88%D8%AF%DA%A9-%DA%AF%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%86-%DA%AF%DB%8C%D8%B1-%D8%AD%D8%AF%D9%88%D8%AF-15%D8%AF%D8%B1%D8%B5%D8%AF-%D8%A7%D8%B2-%DA%A9%D9%88%D8%AF%DA%A9%D8%A7%D9%86-%DA%A9%D8%B4%D9%88%D8%B1-%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AA |website=Tasnim News |title="کار کودک" گریبان‌گیر حدود ۱۵درصد از کودکان کشور است! |trans-title="Child labor" is a problem for about 15% of children in the country! |language=fa}}</ref>