Editing Carlisle (section)

==Trade and industry==
[[File:McVities factory, Caldewgate - geograph.org.uk - 960979.jpg|thumb|McVities factory, Caldewgate]]
Carlisle became an industrial city in the 19th and early 20th centuries with many textile mills, engineering works and food manufacturers opening up mostly in the [[Denton Holme]], Caldewgate and Wapping areas which lie in the Caldew Valley area of Carlisle. (One such manufacturer located in the Denton Holme area was Ferguson Printers, a large textile printing factory that had stood for many years before its closure in the early 1990s). In the early 19th century, a [[canal]] was dug connecting Caldewgate with the sea at [[Port Carlisle]]. The canal was later filled in and became a railway line.

Carlisle was served by two electricity [[Carlisle power stations|power stations]]. James Street station was built by the corporation and operated from 1899 until 1927. Willow Holme power station, north west of the city, was built and operated by the corporation from 1923 until nationalisation of the industry in 1948. It was closed down in 1980 and demolished in 1988.

Famous firms that were founded or had factories in Carlisle included [[Carr's|Carr's of Carlisle]] (now part of [[United Biscuits]]), [[Kangol]], Metal Box (now part of [[Crown Holdings]]) and Cowans Sheldon. Cowans Sheldon originated in the city in the mid 19th century and became one of the world's most important railway and marine engineering firms, manufacturing finally ceased in Carlisle in 1987. Others include the construction firms of [[John Laing plc|John Laing]] and Story Contracting. Pirelli Carlisle opened in 1969.<ref>{{Cite web |date=10 April 2019 |title=HRH The Prince of Wales celebrates 50 years of Pirelli Carlisle |url=https://www.pirelli.com/global/en-ww/life/hrh-the-prince-of-wales-celebrates-50-years-of-pirelli-carlisle |access-date= |website=[[Pirelli]] |archive-date=27 January 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220127194539/https://www.pirelli.com/global/en-ww/life/hrh-the-prince-of-wales-celebrates-50-years-of-pirelli-carlisle |url-status=live }}</ref>

The hauliers [[Eddie Stobart Logistics]] who were founded in nearby [[Hesket Newmarket]] and were once part of the [[Stobart Group]], had their HQ in Carlisle. Although they no longer have their HQ in Carlisle they still employ staff in the city. Robsons Border Transport Limited, J & W Watt Limited and F Brown (Carlisle) Limited, all substantial road hauliers, had their HQ in Carlisle.

Until 2004, Carlisle's biggest employer was [[Cavaghan & Gray]], which became part of [[Northern Foods]] and was subsequently acquired by [[2 Sisters Food Group]] which operated from two sites in the Harraby area of Carlisle producing chilled foods for major supermarket chains. The London Road site closed in 2005 with the loss of almost 700 jobs as production was transferred to the nearby Eastern Way site or other factories around the UK.

There are various light industrial estates and business parks located on the fringes of Carlisle and on former industrial sites close to the city centre. The largest is the Kingstown Industrial Estate, located just off the [[A7 road (Great Britain)|A7 road]] near to the [[M6 motorway]].

On 28 March 2005, Carlisle was granted [[Fairtrade City]] status.<ref>{{Cite web |date=21 October 2015 |title=Carlisle celebrates 10 year anniversary of 'Fairtrade City' status |url=https://www.itv.com/news/border/update/2015-10-21/carlisle-celebrates-10-year-anniversary-of-fairtrade-city-status/ |access-date=19 June 2019 |website=[[ITV News]] |archive-date=19 June 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190619221047/https://www.itv.com/news/border/update/2015-10-21/carlisle-celebrates-10-year-anniversary-of-fairtrade-city-status/ |url-status=live }}</ref>