Editing Calabria (section)

==Economy==
The Gross Domestic Product (GDP) of Calabria is subdivided as follows: service industry (28.94%), financial activities and real estate (21.09%), trade, tourism, transportation and communication (19.39%), taxation (11.49%), manufacturing (8.77%), construction (6.19%) and agriculture (4.13%). GDP per capita is 2.34 times less and unemployment is 4 times higher than in [[Lombardy]].<ref name="appsso.eurostat.ec.europa.eu">{{cite web |url=https://appsso.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/nui/show.do?dataset=lfst_r_lfu3rt&lang=en |title=Unemployment NUTS 2 regions Eurostat |access-date=13 May 2021 |archive-date=12 November 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201112004629/https://appsso.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/nui/show.do?dataset=lfst_r_lfu3rt&lang=en |url-status=live }}</ref> Calabria's economy is still based mainly on agriculture.

The economy of the region is strongly affected by the presence of the [['Ndrangheta]] (the local [[Mafia]] syndicate).<ref name="newyorktimes">{{cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2012/10/08/world/europe/in-italy-calabria-is-drained-by-corruption.html |title=In Italy, Calabria is drained by corruption |newspaper=The New York Times |access-date=28 May 2017 |date=7 October 2012 |last1=Donadio |first1=Rachel |archive-date=4 March 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220304111547/https://www.nytimes.com/2012/10/08/world/europe/in-italy-calabria-is-drained-by-corruption.html |url-status=live }}</ref>

===Agriculture===
[[File:Kalabrien-Olivenernte.JPG|thumb|Calabrian olive tree plantations]]
Calabria is agriculturally rich, with the Italy's second highest number of [[organic farm]]ers after [[Sicily]].<ref name="imagelinenetwork">{{cite web |url=http://agronotizie.imagelinenetwork.com/agricoltura-economia-politica/2010/07/13/biologico-l-italia-resta-prima-in-europa/9665 |title=Biologico, l'Italia resta prima in Europa – AgroNotizie – Economia e politica |publisher=agronotizie.imagelinenetwork.com |access-date=24 October 2015 |archive-date=4 March 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304074558/http://agronotizie.imagelinenetwork.com/agricoltura-economia-politica/2010/07/13/biologico-l-italia-resta-prima-in-europa/9665 |url-status=live }}</ref>

The [[red onion]] of [[Tropea]] is cultivated during summer period on the Tyrrhenian coast of central Calabria.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.consorziocipollatropeaigp.com/cipolla-rossa-di-tropea-calabria-igp/il-territorio.html |title=Il Territorio |publisher=Consorzio Cipolla Rossa di Tropea Calabria IGP |language=it |access-date=25 March 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190703173435/http://www.consorziocipollatropeaigp.com/cipolla-rossa-di-tropea-calabria-igp/il-territorio.html |archive-date=3 July 2019 |url-status=dead}}</ref> It has been awarded with the [[protected geographical indication]] (PGI).<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.consorziocipollatropeaigp.com/ |title=Consorzio Cipolla di Tropea IGP |access-date=1 December 2020 |archive-date=12 June 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110612032846/http://www.consorziocipollatropeaigp.com/ |url-status=live }}</ref>

The [[olive tree]] represents 29.6% of utilized agricultural area (UAA) and approximately 70% of tree crops.<ref name="Ref-1">{{cite web |url=http://circa.europa.eu/irc/dsis/regportraits/info/data/en/itf6_eco.htm |title=Portraits of the Regions |date=March 2004 |publisher=DG REGIO of the [[European Commission]] |access-date=8 September 2010 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110721131819/http://circa.europa.eu/irc/dsis/regportraits/info/data/en/itf6_eco.htm |archive-date=21 July 2011}}</ref> Olive tree cultivation extends from coastal lowland areas to hilly and lower mountainous areas.
The region is the second-highest for [[olive oil]] production with Carolea, Ogliarola, and Saracena olives as the main regional varieties.<ref>{{usurped|1=[https://web.archive.org/web/20151102230120/http://oliveoilsindia.com/Italian-Olives.htm Italian olives]}} Retrieved 3 July 2018</ref>

In Calabria, there are 3 [[Protected designation of origin|PDO]] oils: "Bruzio" in the province of [[Cosenza]], "Lametia" in the area of [[Lamezia Terme]] and the more recent "Alto Crotonese".<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.peperoncinodicalabria.it/olio-calabrese/olio-dop/ |title=PDO Oil: Calabrian extra virgin olive oil |date=26 February 2018 |language=it |access-date=1 December 2020 |archive-date=14 May 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210514233719/https://www.peperoncinodicalabria.it/olio-calabrese/olio-dop/ |url-status=live }}</ref> In addition to DOP oils there are also [[Protected geographical indication|PGI]] oils. The production area of "Olio di Calabria" PGI includes the entire territory of the Calabria region. The production is made exclusively from indigenous olives.

Calabria produces about a quarter of Italy's [[citrus fruit]].<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.incalabria.eu/2016/01/19/calabria-vertici-produzione-agrumi/ |language=it |title=Calabria at the top of citrus fruit production |date=19 January 2016 |access-date=1 December 2020 |archive-date=29 December 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201229195935/https://www.incalabria.eu/2016/01/19/calabria-vertici-produzione-agrumi/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=http://smaf-ltd.com/wordpress/?p=2087 |title=Fascinating Calabria: The Oranges perfume – SMAF Ltd |access-date=1 December 2020 |archive-date=15 October 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211015181145/http://smaf-ltd.com/wordpress/?p=2087 |url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://ourlivesinitaly.com/bergamot-and-cedro-the-citrus-fruits-of-calabria |title=Bergamot and Cedro – The Citrus Fruits of Calabria |website=ourlivesinitaly.com |date=8 August 2020 |access-date=31 August 2021 |archive-date=20 September 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210920162144/https://ourlivesinitaly.com/bergamot-and-cedro-the-citrus-fruits-of-calabria |url-status=live }}</ref> The contribution of this region to growing citrus fruit in Italy can be attributed mainly to [[clementine]]s, [[orange (fruit)|oranges]], [[mandarin orange|mandarins]] and [[lemon]]s. Calabria is by far the country's most important clementine-growing region, which account for about 62% (16,164 ha) of the Italian surface dedicated to its cultivation and 69% (437,800 tons) of the total production.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://dati.istat.it/Index.aspx?DataSetCode=DCSP_COLTIVAZIONI |title=ISTAT. Istituto Nazionale di Statistica. Statistical Database. 2018 |access-date=1 December 2020 |archive-date=16 May 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190516151758/http://dati.istat.it/Index.aspx?DataSetCode=DCSP_COLTIVAZIONI |url-status=live }}</ref> Clementina di Calabria is the PGI variety grown in the Calabria region.<ref>{{cite journal |author=Hicham Benabdelkamel |author2=Leonardo Di Donna |author3=Fabio Mazzotti |author4=Attilio Naccarato |author5=Giovanni Sindona |author6=Antonio Tagarelli |author7=Domenico Taverna |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/223994935 |title=Authenticity of PGI "Clementine of Calabria" by Multielement Fingerprint |journal=J. Agric. Food Chem. |year=2012 |volume=60 |number=14 |pages=3717–3726 |doi=10.1021/jf2050075 |pmid=22458691|bibcode=2012JAFC...60.3717B }}</ref> Also [[Citrus myrtifolia|chinotto]] is cultivated and used to produce [[carbonated soft drink]] with the [[Chinotto (drink)|same name]].
 
[[File: Etrog5812.jpg|thumb|Citron]]
Minor fruits such as [[Bergamot orange|bergamot]] and [[citron]] and lemon-citron hybrids are found exclusively in Calabria. The south coast of the region produces 90% of the world's bergamots, with a huge industry built around the extraction of bergamot oil.<ref>{{cite book |url=https://www.givaudan.com/sustainability/sourcing-for-shared-value/working-together/italy-bergamot |title=Italy: Responsibly sourcing bergamot from Calabria |access-date=3 December 2020 |archive-date=27 October 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201027091954/https://www.givaudan.com/sustainability/sourcing-for-shared-value/working-together/italy-bergamot |url-status=live }}</ref> According to Harvard Atlas of Economic Complexity, last year with Italian net export of bergamot oil was 2009 in value of $253,000, after that between 2010 and 2018 was no export of it.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://atlas.cid.harvard.edu/explore?country=undefined&product=6457&year=2009&productClass=HS&tradeFlow=Net&target=Product&partner=undefined&startYear=undefined |title=Net bergamot oil export in 2009 |access-date=14 May 2021 |archive-date=14 May 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210514193155/https://atlas.cid.harvard.edu/explore?country=undefined&product=6457&year=2009&productClass=HS&tradeFlow=Net&target=Product&partner=undefined&startYear=undefined |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://atlas.cid.harvard.edu/explore?country=undefined&product=6457&year=2018&productClass=HS&tradeFlow=Net&target=Product&partner=undefined&startYear=undefined |title=Net bergamot oil export in 2018 |access-date=14 May 2021 |archive-date=14 May 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210514193155/https://atlas.cid.harvard.edu/explore?country=undefined&product=6457&year=2018&productClass=HS&tradeFlow=Net&target=Product&partner=undefined&startYear=undefined |url-status=live }}</ref> The [[Bergamot orange]] has been intensively cultivated since the 18th century,<ref>{{cite book |url=https://archive.org/details/storiadireggiod00bolagoog |title=Storia di Reggio di Calabria da'tempi primitivi sino all'anno di Cristo 1797 |publisher=Stamp. del Fibreno |page=[https://archive.org/details/storiadireggiod00bolagoog/page/n320 297] |year=1857 |last1=Bolani |first1=Domenico Spano}}</ref> but only in the coastal area nearby to [[Reggio di Calabria|Reggio]], where geological and weather conditions are optimal. The [[Chabad]] Hasidic dynasty have a preference to take [[citron]]s ("Etrog") from this region for the [[Sukkot]] festival.<ref>{{Cite web |title=For Crown Heights Jews, An Italian Twist on an Ancient Tradition |url=https://www.dnainfo.com/new-york/20120927/crown-heights/for-crown-heights-jews-italian-twist-on-ancient-tradition |access-date=2021-08-11 |website=DNAinfo New York |archive-date=18 November 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171118060750/https://www.dnainfo.com/new-york/20120927/crown-heights/for-crown-heights-jews-italian-twist-on-ancient-tradition/ |url-status=dead}}</ref>

There is special research [[Stazione Sperimentale per le Industrie delle Essenze e dei Derivati dagli Agrumi|Experimental Station for the Industry of the Essential oils and Citrus products]] in [[Reggio di Calabria]].
{| class="wikitable"
|+
!Italian Export of<br> citrus oils<br> in 2018<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://atlas.cid.harvard.edu/explore?country=undefined&product=1037&year=2018&productClass=HS&tradeFlow=Net&target=Product&partner=undefined&startYear=undefined |title=Export of essential oils in 2018 |access-date=14 May 2021 |archive-date=14 May 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210514195753/https://atlas.cid.harvard.edu/explore?country=undefined&product=1037&year=2018&productClass=HS&tradeFlow=Net&target=Product&partner=undefined&startYear=undefined |url-status=live }}</ref>
!Value
|-
|[[Bergamot orange|Bergamot]]
|style="text-align:right;"|$2,555,000
|-
|Orange
|style="text-align:right;"|$3,770,000
|-
|[[Lemon]]
|style="text-align:right;"|$60,100,000
|-
|[[Lime (fruit)|Lime]]
|style="text-align:right;"|$0
|-
|Citrus, nes
|style="text-align:right;"|$75,400,000
|-
|[[Jasmine]]
|style="text-align:right;"|$0
|}

The [[province of Cosenza]] represents an important area for [[Common fig|figs]] growing belonging to cultivar "Dottato" that is used to produce the quality-branded dried figs "Fichi di Cosenza" PDO ([[protected designation of origin]]).<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.quattrocalici.it/denominazioni/fichi-di-cosenza-dop/ |title=Fichi di Cosenza DOP |language=it |access-date=1 December 2020 |archive-date=7 May 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210507032508/https://www.quattrocalici.it/denominazioni/fichi-di-cosenza-dop/ |url-status=live }}</ref> The [[Cherimoya|anona cherimoya]], a plant of tropical origin cultivated in Europe only in [[Reggio di Calabria]] and Spain.

In the [[province of Catanzaro]], between [[San Floro]]<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.italy24.ilsole24ore.com/art/business-and-economy/2016-02-08/the-silkworm-tradition-restarts-catanzaro-but-there-is-need-for-spinning-mill-da-titolare-163157.php?uuid=ACeHF0PC |title=Two young silkworm breeders revive an ancient silk tradition in rugged Calabria |access-date=2 February 2021 |archive-date=13 May 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210513092345/http://www.italy24.ilsole24ore.com/art/business-and-economy/2016-02-08/the-silkworm-tradition-restarts-catanzaro-but-there-is-need-for-spinning-mill-da-titolare-163157.php?uuid=ACeHF0PC |url-status=dead}}</ref> and [[Cortale]],<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2001/03/02/news/italian-fashion-many-yarns-spin-a-revival-in-calabria.html |title=ITALIAN FASHION: Many Yarns Spin a Revival in Calabria |newspaper=The New York Times |date=2 March 2001 |access-date=2 February 2021 |last1=Singleton |first1=Kate |archive-date=7 February 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210207210819/https://www.nytimes.com/2001/03/02/news/italian-fashion-many-yarns-spin-a-revival-in-calabria.html |url-status=live }}</ref> the ancient tradition of [[sericulture]] is still kept alive, thanks to young generations.

Calabria is the largest producer of [[Boletus edulis|porcini mushrooms]] in Italy, thanks to the heavily wooded forests of the mountains ranges of [[Pollino]], [[La Sila|Sila]], [[Serre calabresi|Serre]] and [[Aspromonte]].<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://globalepicurean.com/locations/calabria |title=Calabria |website=Global Epicurean |access-date=5 March 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150920024346/http://globalepicurean.com/locations/calabria/ |archive-date=20 September 2015 |url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.madeinsouthitalytoday.com/from-the-tyrrhenian-to-the-ionian.php |title=Calabria itineraries from the Tyrrhenian to the Ionian |website=www.madeinsouthitalytoday.com |access-date=5 March 2016 |archive-date=7 March 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160307080339/http://www.madeinsouthitalytoday.com/from-the-tyrrhenian-to-the-ionian.php |url-status=live }}</ref>  In addition to porcini mushrooms, [[Lactarius deliciosus|red pine mushrooms (rositio)]] are also produced.  [[Chestnut]] production is also widespread in the Calabrian mountains.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.britannica.com/place/Italy/Agriculture-forestry-and-fishing |title=Italy – Agriculture, forestry and fishing |access-date=3 December 2020 |archive-date=4 December 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201204161317/https://www.britannica.com/place/Italy/Agriculture-forestry-and-fishing |url-status=live }}</ref>

[[Peaches]] and nectarines from Calabria have greatly improved in terms of flavour, quality, safety and service. A part of the production is sold on the domestic market, mainly to retailers. The remaining is exported to Northern Europe, mainly [[Scandinavia]] and Germany.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.freshplaza.com/article/2137774/italy-peaches-and-nectrarines-from-calabria-to-northern-europe/ |title=Italy: Peaches and nectrarines from Calabria to Northern Europe |date=3 April 2015 |access-date=3 December 2020 |archive-date=18 April 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210418062844/https://www.freshplaza.com/article/2137774/italy-peaches-and-nectrarines-from-calabria-to-northern-europe/ |url-status=live }}</ref>

The region boasts a very ancient tradition in the cultivation and production of [[liquorice]]. The eighty percent of the national production is concentrated in this region.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.greatitalianchefs.com/features/amarelli-liquorice-black-gold-calabria |title=Liquorice: black gold in Calabria |access-date=1 December 2020 |archive-date=26 January 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210126092332/https://www.greatitalianchefs.com/features/amarelli-liquorice-black-gold-calabria |url-status=live }}</ref>

Calabria has long coast and produce some distinctive fish products:
<gallery>
Bottarga tonno (fette).jpg|''[[Bottarga#Italy|Bottarga]] di [[Atlantic bluefin tuna|tonno]]''
Sardella.jpg|[[:it:Sardella|''Sardella calabrese'']]
Xiphias_gladius_stuffed.jpg|[[Swordfish]]
Percoca.jpg|''Percoca'' (variety of [[peach]])

</gallery>

===Manufacturing===
Food and textile industries are the most developed and vibrant. Within the industrial sector, manufacturing contributes to a gross value added of 7.2%. In the manufacturing sector the main branches are foodstuff, beverage and tobacco with a contribution to the sector very close to the national average.<ref name="Ref-1"/>
Over the recent decades some petrochemical, engineering and chemical industries have emerged, within the areas of [[Crotone]], [[Vibo Valentia]] and [[Reggio Calabria]].

The province of Catanzaro boasts a great tradition in the textile manufacturing, especially silk. Recently, several young people have given new life to this activity, developing green and sustainable economy projects. In fact, among the municipalities of [[Girifalco]], [[San Floro]] and [[Cortale]],<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.italy24.ilsole24ore.com/art/business-and-economy/2016-02-08/the-silkworm-tradition-restarts-catanzaro-but-there-is-need-for-spinning-mill-da-titolare-163157.php?uuid=ACeHF0PC |title=Two young silkworm breeders revive an ancient silk tradition in rugged Calabria |access-date=20 February 2021 |archive-date=13 May 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210513092345/http://www.italy24.ilsole24ore.com/art/business-and-economy/2016-02-08/the-silkworm-tradition-restarts-catanzaro-but-there-is-need-for-spinning-mill-da-titolare-163157.php?uuid=ACeHF0PC |url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.catanzaroinforma.it/arte-e-cultura/2021/02/09/lantica-arte-della-tessitura-recuperata-da-un-giovanissimo-artigiano/186399/ |title=A very young artisan rediscovers the ancient art of silk |date=9 February 2021 |language=Italian |access-date=20 February 2021 |archive-date=13 February 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210213202803/https://www.catanzaroinforma.it/arte-e-cultura/2021/02/09/lantica-arte-della-tessitura-recuperata-da-un-giovanissimo-artigiano/186399/ |url-status=live }}</ref> [[sericulture]] is still practiced, the breeding of [[silkworms]] combined with the cultivation of [[Morus (plant)|mulberry trees]].

[[Tiriolo]] and [[Badolato]] are known above all for the manufacturing of the "''vancale''", the typical Calabrian shawl, made of [[wool]] or silk, worn by women in ancient times on traditional costumes during the dance of [[tarantella]], or as an ornamental decoration of the houses.
Typical in Tiriolo is also the manufacturing of carpets, [[linen]] and [[Spartium junceum|broom]] fibers, [[bobbin lace]] making, [[embroidery]], precious [[ceramics]], furnishing objects and artistic sculptures. The artistic production of weaving is also active in other centers such as in [[Platania]] and [[Petrizzi]] where once [[hemp]] fibers were also produced.

In [[Soveria Mannelli]], Lanificio Leo,<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.lanificioleo.it/ |title=Lanificio Leo |access-date=20 February 2021 |archive-date=27 July 2004 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20040727023525/https://www.lanificioleo.it/ |url-status=live }}</ref> the oldest textile factory in Calabria founded in 1873, is still active. The factory still retains majestic and evocative tools dating back to the late nineteenth century.

The traditional production of artistic ceramics dating back to the [[Magna Graecia]] period is handed down in the ancient towns of [[Squillace]]<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.italymagazine.com/featured-story/discovering-authentic-calabria-squillace-ceramics-destination-toe-italys-boot |title=Discovering Authentic Calabria: Squillace is a Ceramics Destination on the Toe of Italy's Boot |access-date=20 February 2021 |archive-date=12 May 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210512085833/https://www.italymagazine.com/featured-story/discovering-authentic-calabria-squillace-ceramics-destination-toe-italys-boot |url-status=live }}</ref> and [[Seminara]].<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://turismo.reggiocal.it/en/culture/craftsmanship/seminara-ceramics |title=The Ceramics of Seminara |access-date=23 February 2021 |archive-date=29 April 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210429092833/https://turismo.reggiocal.it/en/culture/craftsmanship/seminara-ceramics |url-status=live }}</ref>

The small town of [[Serrastretta]], a green village in the woods of Presila, is known for its wood production, in particular for its chairs characterized by a very original [[straw]].

There is a plant of [[Hitachi Rail Italy]] in [[Reggio di Calabria]], which manufactures [[Passenger car (rail)#Coach|railcars]] of regional trains such as [[:it:Vivalto|Vivalto]].<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.railwaypro.com/wp/hitachi-completed-production-vivalto-cars-trenitalia/ |title=hitachi completed production vivalto cars |date=14 July 2017 |access-date=14 May 2021 |archive-date=14 May 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210514181836/https://www.railwaypro.com/wp/hitachi-completed-production-vivalto-cars-trenitalia/ |url-status=live }}</ref>

===Tourism===
[[File:Pista Azzurra Gambarie.jpg|thumb|Ski trails near [[Gambarie]] overlooking the [[Strait of Messina]]]]
[[File:Reggio calabria museo nazionale bronzi di riace.jpg|thumb|The [[Riace bronzes]], Greek bronzes, about 460–430&nbsp;BC]]
[[File:Stilocattolica.jpg|thumb|The Byzantine church known as the ''[[Cattolica di Stilo|Cattolica]]'']]

Tourism in Calabria has increased over the years. The main tourist attractions are the coastline and the mountains. The coastline alternates between rugged cliffs and sandy beaches, and is sparsely interrupted by development when compared to other European seaside destinations. The sea around Calabria is clear, and there is a good level of tourist accommodation. The poet [[Gabriele D'Annunzio]] called the coast facing Sicily near Reggio Calabria "... the most beautiful kilometer in Italy" (''il più bel chilometro d'Italia'').<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.deliciousitaly.com/guide/south-italy-regions/calabria-guide/calabria-itineraries/item/1459-guide-to-reggio-calabria.html |title=Guide to Reggio Calabria |publisher=Delicious Italy |date=8 May 2012 |access-date=26 March 2013 |archive-date=12 October 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131012031655/http://www.deliciousitaly.com/guide/south-italy-regions/calabria-guide/calabria-itineraries/item/1459-guide-to-reggio-calabria.html |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.insidersabroad.com/italy/regions/calabria |title=Regions – Calabria |publisher=Insiders Abroad |access-date=26 March 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130319140053/http://www.insidersabroad.com/italy/regions/calabria |archive-date=19 March 2013 |url-status=dead}}</ref> The primary mountain tourist draws are [[Aspromonte]] and [[La Sila]], with its national park and lakes. Some other prominent destinations include:
*[[Reggio Calabria]] is on the strait between the mainland and [[Sicily]], the largest and oldest city in Calabria dating from the 8th century BC, known for its panoramic seaside with botanical gardens between the [[art nouveau]] buildings and the beaches, and its 3,000 years of history with its Aragonese Castle and the [[Museo Nazionale della Magna Grecia]] where the [[Riace bronzes]] (''Bronzi di Riace'') are located.
*[[Cosenza]], birthplace of scientist and philosopher [[Bernardino Telesio]] and seat of the [[Cosentian Academy]], known for its cultural institutions, the old quarter, a [[House of Hohenstaufen|Hohenstaufen]] Castle, an open-air museum and an 11th-century Romanesque-Gothic Cathedral. On 12 October 2011, the Cathedral of Cosenza received UNESCO World Heritage status for being "Heritage Witness to a Culture of Peace".<ref name="youritaly">{{cite web |url=http://www.youritaly.com/Guide_Turistiche/CITIES_OF_ART/Cosenza_City |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140222062738/http://www.youritaly.com/Guide_Turistiche/CITIES_OF_ART/Cosenza_City |archive-date=22 February 2014 |url-status=dead |title=Youritaly.com &#124; Cosenza City &#124; Calabria |access-date=24 October 2015}}</ref><ref name="italy-holiday">{{cite web |url=http://en.italy-holiday.com/calabria/Cosenza |title=Cosenza – Calabria: Your holiday in Italy |publisher=en.italy-holiday.com |access-date=24 October 2015 |archive-date=4 March 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304045554/http://en.italy-holiday.com/calabria/Cosenza |url-status=dead}}</ref> This is the first award given by UNESCO to the region of Calabria.
*[[Scilla, Calabria|Scilla]], on the [[Tyrrhenian Sea]], "pearl" of the "Violet Coast", has a delightful panorama and is the site of some of [[Homer]]'s tales.
*[[Tropea]], on the Tyrrhenian Sea coast, is home to a dramatic seaside beach, and the Santa Maria dell'Isola sanctuary. It is also renowned for its sweet red onions (mainly produced in [[Ricadi]]).
*[[Capo Vaticano]], on the Tyrrhenian Sea, is a wide bathing place near Tropea.
*[[Gerace]], near [[Locri]], is a medieval city with a Norman Castle and Norman Cathedral.
*[[Squillace]], a seaside resort and important archaeological site. Nearby is the birthplace of [[Cassiodorus]].
*[[Stilo]], the birthplace of philosopher [[Tommaso Campanella]], with its Norman Castle and [[Byzantine architecture|Byzantine]] church, the ''[[Cattolica di Stilo|Cattolica]]''.
*[[Pizzo Calabro]], on the Tyrrhenian Sea coast, known for its ice cream called "Tartufo". Interesting places in Pizzo are Piazza Repubblica and the Aragonese castle where [[Joachim Murat|Murat]] was shot.
*[[Paola, Italy|Paola]], a town situated on the Tyrrhenian Sea coast, renowned for being the birthplace of St. Francis of Paola, patron saint of Calabria and Italian sailors, and for the old Franciscan sanctuary built during the last hundred years of the Middle Ages by the will of St. Francis.
*[[Sibari]], on the Ionian coast, a village situated near the archaeological site of the ancient city of ''[[Sybaris]]'', a Greek colony of the 8th century BC.
*[[Lamezia Terme]], the main transportation hub of the region with its international [[Lamezia Terme Airport|airport]] which links it to many destinations in Europe plus Canada and Israel and the [[Lamezia Terme Centrale railway station|train station]]. Several are the historical sights of the city, like the Norman-Swabian castle, the [[La Giudecca|Jewish historical quarter]] and the [[Lamezia Terme Town Library|Casa del Libro Antico (House of the Ancient Book)]] where books from the 16th to the 19th centuries, as well as old globes and ancient maps reproduction are well preserved and available to be seen by the public.
*[[Catanzaro]], an important silk center since the time of the Byzantines, is located at the center of the narrowest point of Italy, from where the Ionian Sea and Tyrrhenian Sea are both visible, but not from Catanzaro. Of note are the well-known one-arch bridge (Viaduct Morandi-Bisantis, one of the tallest in Europe), the cathedral (rebuilt after World War II bombing), the castle, the promenade on the Ionian sea, the park of biodiversity and the archaeological park.
*[[Soverato]] on the [[Ionian Sea]], also known as the "Pearl" of the Ionian Sea. Especially renowned for its beaches, boardwalk and nightlife.
*[[Badolato]] near [[Soverato]] is a well-preserved medieval hilltop village with 13 churches. It was selected as one of the 1000 marvels of Italy to mark the [[anniversary of the unification of Italy]].
*[[Nicotera]] on the Tyrrhenian Sea, is a small medieval town with an ancient Ruffo's castle.
*Ancient temples of the Roman gods on the sun-kissed hills of [[Catanzaro]] still stand as others are swept beneath the earth. Many excavations are going on along the east coast, digging up what seems to be an ancient burial ground.
*[[Samo, Calabria|Samo]], a village on the foot of the Aspromonte, is well known for its spring water and ruins of the old village destroyed in the [[1908 Messina earthquake]].
*[[Mammola]], art center, tourist and gastronomic, has an ancient history. The old town, with its small houses attached to each other, the ancient churches and noble palaces. Of particular interest is the Museum Park Santa Barbara, a place of art and cultural events of many international artists and the Shrine of St. Nicodemo of the 10th century, in the highlands of Limina. Its gastronomy with the "Stocco" typical of Mammola, cooked in various ways, other typical products are smoked ricotta and goat cheese, salami pepper and wild fennel, bread "pizza" (corn bread) and wheat bread baked in a wood oven.
*[[Praia a Mare]] on the Tyrrhenian Sea, is a well-known tourist city, thanks to the [[Dino, Calabria|Isola di Dino]] and the seaside beach.
*[[Spilinga]] is known for its spicy pork pâté, [['Nduja]].

Calabria attracts year-round tourism, offering both summer and winter activities, in addition to its cultural, historical, artistic heritage, it has an abundance of protected natural habitats and 'green' zones. The {{cvt|485|mi|abbr=off}} of its coast make Calabria a tourist destination during the summer. The low industrial development and the lack of major cities in much of its territory have allowed the maintenance of indigenous marine life.

The most sought-after seaside destinations are: [[Tropea]], [[Pizzo, Calabria|Pizzo Calabro]], [[Capo Vaticano]], [[Reggio Calabria]], [[Soverato]], [[Scilla, Calabria|Scilla]], [[Scalea]], [[Sellia Marina]], [[Montepaone]], [[Montauro]], Copanello (''comune'' of [[Staletti]]), [[Palmi, Calabria|Tonnara di Palmi]], [[Diamante, Calabria|Diamante]], [[Paola, Calabria|Paola]], [[Fiumefreddo Bruzio]], [[Amantea]], [[Praia a Mare]], [[Belvedere Marittimo]], [[Roseto Capo Spulico]], [[Corigliano Calabro]], [[Cirò Marina]], [[Amendolara]], [[Roccella Ionica]], [[Bagnara Calabra]], [[Nicotera]], [[Cariati]], [[Zambrone]], [[Isola di Capo Rizzuto]], Caminia (''comune'' of [[Staletti]]), [[Siderno]], [[Parghelia]], [[Ricadi]] and [[San Nicola Arcella]].

In addition to the coastal tourist destinations, the interior of Calabria is rich in history, traditions, art and culture. Cosenza is among the most important cultural cities of Calabria, with a rich historical and artistic patrimony. Medieval castles, towers, churches, monasteries and other French castles and structures from the Norman to the Aragonese periods are common elements in both the interior and coastline of Calabria.

The mountains offer skiing and other winter activities: [[Sila National Park|Sila]], [[Pollino National Park|Pollino]] and [[Aspromonte]] are three national parks that offer facilities for winter sports, especially in the towns of Camigliatello (''comune'' of [[Spezzano della Sila]]), Lorica (''comune'' of [[San Giovanni in Fiore]]), [[Gambarie]].

Calabria has many small and picturesque villages, 15 of them have been selected by {{lang|it|[[I Borghi più belli d'Italia]]}} ({{langx|en|The most beautiful Villages of Italy}}),<ref>{{cite web|url=https://borghipiubelliditalia.it/calabria/|title=Calabria|date=10 January 2017 |access-date=1 August 2023|language=it|archive-date=16 October 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231016070021/https://borghipiubelliditalia.it/calabria/|url-status=live}}</ref> a non-profit private association of small Italian towns of strong historical and artistic interest,<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.repubblica.it/viaggi/2023/01/16/news/borghi_piu_belli_italia_14_nuovi_2023-383794441/|title=Borghi più belli d'Italia. Le 14 novità 2023, dal Trentino alla Calabria|date=16 January 2023 |access-date=28 July 2023|language=it|archive-date=28 November 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231128130709/https://www.repubblica.it/viaggi/2023/01/16/news/borghi_piu_belli_italia_14_nuovi_2023-383794441/|url-status=live}}</ref> that was founded on the initiative of the Tourism Council of the National Association of Italian Municipalities.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://borghipiubelliditalia.it/|title=I Borghi più belli d'Italia, la guida online ai piccoli centri dell'Italia nascosta|access-date=3 May 2018|language=it|archive-date=25 February 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160225095744/http://www.borghipiubelliditalia.it/index.php|url-status=live}}</ref>

===Unemployment rate===
The unemployment rate stood at '''20.1%''' in 2020 and was the highest in Italy and one of the highest inside the European Union.<ref name="appsso.eurostat.ec.europa.eu"/>
{| class="wikitable"
!Year
!2006
!2007
!2008
!2009
!2010
!2011
!2012
!2013
!2014
!2015
!2016
!2017
!2018
!2019
!2020
|-
|'''unemployment rate'''<br />(in %)
|12.8%
|11.1%
|12.0%
|11.3%
|11.9%
|12.6%
|19.4%
|22.3%
|23.4%
|22.9%
|23.2%
|21.6%
|21.6%
|21.0%
|20.1%
|}