Editing 1964 New York World's Fair (section)

== Culture ==
Foreign cultures and American technologies were featured at the fair.<ref name="wsj-2014-04-23">{{Cite news |last=Bashan |first=Yoni |date=April 23, 2014 |title=Fans Glimpse World's Fair History |url=http://online.wsj.com/article/SB10001424052702304279904579517771852184630.html |access-date=June 7, 2024 |work=The Wall Street Journal |language=en-US |issn=0099-9660 |archive-date=May 20, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240520144317/https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB10001424052702304279904579517771852184630 |url-status=live }}</ref> While WFC rules technically prevented the fair's officials from influencing the design or contents of any exhibits, the WFC retained a significant influence on the contents of exhibits. For example, developing nations were encouraged to show their art and culture rather than technology, and WFC officials pressured Islamic nations to emphasize their religion.<ref name="Nicoletta (2010) p. 504">{{harvnb|Nicoletta|2010|page=504|ps=.}}</ref>

=== Cuisine ===
{{Main|Food at the 1964 New York World's Fair}}

The fair had a large number of restaurants and eateries.<ref name="Snyder 1964" /><ref>{{cite news |last=Hulse |first=Jerry |date=June 28, 1964 |title=How to Stay Flush at Flushing Meadows |work=Los Angeles Times |pages=B8 |issn=0458-3035 |id={{ProQuest|168622358}}}}</ref> When it opened, there were between 110 and 114 eateries, 61 of  which were within pavilions.<ref name="Alpert p. 21" /><ref name="Samuel p. 153">{{harvnb|Samuel|2007|ps=.|page=153}}</ref> There were six specialty restaurants and 25 fine-dining restaurants operated by Brass Rail.<ref>{{Cite news |date=May 9, 1964 |title=Highlights Of New York World's Fair |work=New York Amsterdam News |page=21 |id={{proQuest|226732966}}}}</ref> [[Restaurant Associates]] was contracted to operate several of the restaurants but its contract was canceled because of a dispute over signage,<ref>{{cite magazine |date=August 9, 1961 |title=Vaudeville: World's Fair-RA Deal KO'd by Tiff Over Signs |magazine=Variety |page=48 |volume=223 |issue=11 |id={{ProQuest|1014831447}} |postscript=none}}; {{Cite news |date=August 3, 1961 |title=Food Concern Ends Contract With Fair |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1961/08/03/archives/food-concern-ends-contract-with-fair.html |access-date=May 24, 2024 |work=The New York Times |language=en-US |issn=0362-4331 |archive-date=May 24, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240524203016/https://www.nytimes.com/1961/08/03/archives/food-concern-ends-contract-with-fair.html |url-status=live }}</ref> and Brass Rail instead received the contract.<ref name="Alpert p. 21" /><ref>{{cite news |date=September 8, 1961 |title=Brass Rail Gets Contract to Feed Visitors to Fair |work=New York Herald Tribune |page=19 |issn=1941-0646 |id={{ProQuest|1327520914}}}}</ref> Ten of Brass Rail's restaurants were designed by [[Victor Lundy]] and had canopies shaped like bunches of white balloons.<ref name="nyt-1964-04-223">{{Cite news |date=April 22, 1964 |title=Architecture:Chaos of Good, Bad and Joyful; Grotesque Contrasts, Wholly Unplanned, Give Fair Charm; Few Ideas Are New—State Pavilion Is Star of Show |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1964/04/22/archives/architecturechaos-of-good-bad-and-joyful-grotesque-contrasts-wholly.html |access-date=May 27, 2024 |work=The New York Times |language=en-US |issn=0362-4331 |archive-date=May 12, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240512191449/https://www.nytimes.com/1964/04/22/archives/architecturechaos-of-good-bad-and-joyful-grotesque-contrasts-wholly.html |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="Stern (1995) p. 1054" /> For the 1965 season, the fair was expanded to include 198 restaurants.<ref name="nyt-1965-04-21" /><ref name="Samuel p. 65" />

Cuisine sold at the fair included [[Belgian waffle]]s, [[7 Up]] drinks, dumplings, pizza, tacos, kimchi, [[Turkish coffee]], [[tandoori chicken]], and hummus. Many of these dishes became popular in New York City and in the U.S. after the fair closed.<ref name="Smith2015">{{cite book |last=Smith |first=Andrew F. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=NNieCgAAQBAJ&pg=PA651 |title=Savoring Gotham: A Food Lover's Companion to New York City |publisher=Oxford University Press |year=2015 |isbn=978-0-19-939702-0 |page=651 |access-date=June 1, 2024 |archive-date=May 21, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240521012206/https://books.google.com/books?id=NNieCgAAQBAJ&pg=PA651#v=onepage&q&f=false |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="Levy t903">{{cite web |last=Levy |first=Nicole |date=April 26, 2018 |title=1964 World's Fair Introduced New Yorkers to Belgian Waffles and Falafel |url=https://www.amny.com/lifestyle/eat-and-drink/world-s-fair-food-1-18258740/ |access-date=June 4, 2024 |website=amNewYork |archive-date=June 4, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240604204620/https://www.amny.com/lifestyle/eat-and-drink/world-s-fair-food-1-18258740/ |url-status=live }}</ref> The Thailand pavilion included North America's first Thai restaurant, while the Malaysia pavilion served [[Tiger Beer]] and [[satay]].<ref name="Van Esterik">{{cite book |last=Van Esterik |first=Penny |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=gn7DEAAAQBAJ&pg=PA93 |title=Food Culture in Southeast Asia |publisher=Bloomsbury Publishing |year=2008 |isbn=978-0-313-34420-6 |series=Food Culture around the World |page=93 |access-date=June 3, 2024 |archive-date=June 3, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240603175002/https://books.google.com/books?id=gn7DEAAAQBAJ&pg=PA93 |url-status=live }}</ref> During the 1964 season, many meals cost 99 cents because any food below $1 could not be taxed.<ref name="nyt-1965-05-17">{{Cite news |last=Alden |first=Robert |date=May 17, 1965 |title=Food Is Cheaper at Fair This Year; Several Restaurants Open for Budget-Minded Visitor |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1965/05/17/archives/food-is-cheaper-at-fair-this-year-several-restaurants-open-for.html |access-date=June 4, 2024 |work=The New York Times |language=en-US |issn=0362-4331 |archive-date=June 4, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240604191531/https://www.nytimes.com/1965/05/17/archives/food-is-cheaper-at-fair-this-year-several-restaurants-open-for.html |url-status=live }}</ref> Brewers spent millions of dollars persuading exhibitors to sell their beers.<ref name="nyt-1964-04-24">{{Cite news |date=April 24, 1964 |title=Food and Drink Makers Invest Heavily at Fair |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1964/04/24/archives/food-and-drink-makers-invest-heavily-at-fair-change-in-law-helps.html |access-date=June 4, 2024 |work=The New York Times |language=en-US |issn=0362-4331 |archive-date=June 4, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240604233914/https://www.nytimes.com/1964/04/24/archives/food-and-drink-makers-invest-heavily-at-fair-change-in-law-helps.html |url-status=live }}</ref>

=== Performances ===
[[File:NY World's Fair '64 - Les Poupees de Paris (ut) - Flickr - PLCjr.jpg|thumb|A puppet show building at the fair|alt=A single-story, glass-fronted building with a sign saying "Les Poupées de Paris" (The Dolls of Paris).]]

There were more than 30 entertainment events at the fair.<ref name="nyt-1963-06-14">{{Cite news |last=Gardner |first=Paul |date=June 14, 1963 |title=World's Fair Planning to Offer More Than 30 Entertainments |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1963/06/14/archives/worlds-fair-planning-to-offer-more-than-30-entertainments.html |access-date=May 26, 2024 |work=The New York Times |language=en-US |issn=0362-4331 |archive-date=May 26, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240526005858/https://www.nytimes.com/1963/06/14/archives/worlds-fair-planning-to-offer-more-than-30-entertainments.html |url-status=live }}</ref> Moses disdained carnival-style attractions,<ref>{{cite news |last=Chapman |first=Ralph |date=March 20, 1961 |title=Moses Bars Crude, Cheap 'Fun' at Fair: Retorts to Critical Article in 'Variety' |work=New York Herald Tribune |page=18 |issn=1941-0646 |id={{ProQuest|1326872094}} |postscript=none}}; {{Cite journal |last=Moses |first=Michael Valdez |date=December 16, 2010 |title=Modernists as Critics |url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199545445.013.0009 |journal=Oxford Handbooks Online |doi=10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199545445.013.0009 |isbn=978-0-19-954544-5 |access-date=June 5, 2024 |archive-date=June 8, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240608142959/https://academic.oup.com/edited-volume/28344/chapter-abstract/215148224?redirectedFrom=fulltext |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="Tirella pp. 236–237">{{harvnb|Tirella|2013|ps=.|pages=236–237}}</ref> saying there would be "no whiskered women, tattooed giants, nudes on ice&nbsp;... The appeal of a world's fair should not be entirely below the Adam's apple".<ref name="Gray 1964" /> As the WFC's president, Moses reserved the right to ban any project from the fair.<ref name="Tirella p. 2112">{{harvnb|Tirella|2013|ps=.|page=211}}</ref> Shows that appealed to [[prurient interest]]s, like semi-nude dancing, were excluded.<ref name="Samuel p. 21" /><ref>{{cite news |last=Chaimowitz |first=Len |date=June 29, 1962 |title=Here's What WON'T Be at '64 World's Fair |work=Newsday |page=3C |issn=2574-5298 |id={{ProQuest|913666728}}}}</ref> An exception was the adult-only, musical puppet show ''[[Les Poupées de Paris]]'' (The Dolls of Paris).<ref>{{Cite news |date=May 16, 1964 |title=At the Fair: 'Les Poupees De Paris'; Lavish Show Has Lots of Gallic Bounce |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1964/05/16/archives/at-the-fair-les-poupees-de-paris-lavish-show-has-lots-of-gallic.html |access-date=June 3, 2024 |work=The New York Times |language=en-US |issn=0362-4331 |archive-date=June 8, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240608142958/https://www.nytimes.com/1964/05/16/archives/at-the-fair-les-poupees-de-paris-lavish-show-has-lots-of-gallic.html |url-status=live }}</ref> The lack of adult shows may have contributed to the amusement area's unpopularity in 1964.<ref name="Tirella pp. 236–237" /> The ban on adult shows was relaxed in 1965, and nine discotheques opened at the fair during that season.<ref name="Caro p. 1106">{{harvnb|Caro|1974|ps=.|page=1106}}</ref> That May, a [[striptease]] show in the Louisiana pavilion lasted two performances before it was canceled.<ref name="Samuel p. 75" /><ref>{{Cite news |last=Dougherty |first=Philip H. |date=May 8, 1965 |title=A Stripper Lasts 2 Shows at Fair; She Gets Down to a Bikini, But Won't Be Back |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1965/05/08/archives/a-stripper-lasts-2-shows-at-fair-she-gets-down-to-a-bikini-but-wont.html |access-date=June 4, 2024 |work=The New York Times |language=en-US |issn=0362-4331 |archive-date=June 4, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240604183557/https://www.nytimes.com/1965/05/08/archives/a-stripper-lasts-2-shows-at-fair-she-gets-down-to-a-bikini-but-wont.html |url-status=live }}</ref>

Musical and theatrical performances took place at several pavilions, and there were fireworks and water shows at the Pool of Industry.<ref name="nyt-1963-06-14" /> Among the theatrical shows were the [[revue]]s ''To Broadway With Love'',<ref>{{Cite news |date=April 30, 1964 |title=Theater: Tribute to Musical Comedies; 'Broadway With Love' Opens at the Fair |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1964/04/30/archives/theater-tribute-to-musical-comedies-broadway-with-love-opens-at-the.html |access-date=May 31, 2024 |work=The New York Times |language=en-US |issn=0362-4331 |archive-date=June 1, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240601002506/https://www.nytimes.com/1964/04/30/archives/theater-tribute-to-musical-comedies-broadway-with-love-opens-at-the.html |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="Samuel p. 48; Tirella p. 235">{{harvnb|Samuel|2007|ps=|page=48}}; {{harvnb|Tirella|2013|ps=.|page=235}}</ref> ''[[Wonderworld (musical)|Wonder World]]''—which lasted two months—<ref name="Samuel pp. 47–48" /><ref name="nyt-1964-07-06">{{Cite news |date=July 6, 1964 |title=Holiday Crowds Disappoint Fair; 'Wonder World' Closes and Ice Show Posts Notice |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1964/07/06/archives/holiday-crowds-disappoint-fair-wonder-world-closes-and-ice-show.html |access-date=June 1, 2024 |work=The New York Times |language=en-US |issn=0362-4331 |archive-date=June 1, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240601070527/https://www.nytimes.com/1964/07/06/archives/holiday-crowds-disappoint-fair-wonder-world-closes-and-ice-show.html |url-status=live }}</ref> and ''Summer Time Revue''.<ref name="nyt-1964-07-19">{{Cite news |date=July 19, 1964 |title=Fair's Lake Area Gets a New Show; 20-Man Operation Replaces Defunct 'Wonder World' |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1964/07/19/archives/fairs-lake-area-gets-a-new-show-20man-operation-replaces-defunct.html |access-date=June 1, 2024 |work=The New York Times |language=en-US |issn=0362-4331 |archive-date=June 1, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240601013158/https://www.nytimes.com/1964/07/19/archives/fairs-lake-area-gets-a-new-show-20man-operation-replaces-defunct.html |url-status=live }}</ref> [[DuPont]] presented a musical revue in its own pavilion, ''[[The Wonderful World of Chemistry]]''.<ref name="CY p. 96">{{harvnb|Cotter|Young|2008|ps=.|page=96}}</ref> A controversial [[minstrel show]] in the Louisiana pavilion was canceled after two days.<ref name="Samuel p. 48; Tirella p. 235" /><ref name="Gan e936">{{cite web |last=Gan |first=Vicky |date=April 28, 2014 |title=The Story Behind the Failed Minstrel Show at the 1964 World's Fair |url=https://www.smithsonianmag.com/history/minstrel-show-1964-worlds-fair-180951239/ |access-date=May 31, 2024 |website=Smithsonian Magazine |archive-date=May 31, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240531182658/https://www.smithsonianmag.com/history/minstrel-show-1964-worlds-fair-180951239/ |url-status=live }}</ref> International pavilions, such as the African, Indonesia, and Spain pavilions, also hosted dance and other live shows.<ref>{{Cite news |date=June 15, 1964 |title=Ethnic Dances Abound for Visitors to Fair; Spanish and African Pavilions Afford Widest Choice |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1964/06/15/archives/ethnic-dances-abound-for-visitors-to-fair-spanish-and-african.html |access-date=June 1, 2024 |work=The New York Times |language=en-US |issn=0362-4331 |archive-date=June 1, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240601010156/https://www.nytimes.com/1964/06/15/archives/ethnic-dances-abound-for-visitors-to-fair-spanish-and-african.html |url-status=live }}</ref>

Sporting events, such as wrestling, boxing, gymnastics, fencing, judo, and weightlifting, took place at the fair.<ref name="Kursh 1964" /> Some of these events were presented as part of the [[1964 Summer Olympics]] tryouts in New York City.<ref>{{cite news |last=Marsh |first=Irving T. |date=June 21, 1962 |title=New York Gets Olympic Trials: World's Fair Site for Tryouts |work=New York Herald Tribune |page=23 |issn=1941-0646 |id={{ProQuest|1326912528}} |postscript=none}}; {{Cite news |date=June 21, 1962 |title=Olympic Tryouts to Be Held Here; World's Fair and City Will Serve as Hosts in 1964 |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1962/06/21/archives/olympic-tryouts-to-be-held-here-worlds-fair-and-city-will-serve-as.html |access-date=May 26, 2024 |work=The New York Times |language=en-US |issn=0362-4331}}</ref> Other shows included the ice-skating show ''Dick Button's Ice-Travaganza'' at the [[New York City Pavilion]],<ref name="nyt-1963-06-14" /><ref>{{cite news |last=Mayer |first=Robert |date=December 24, 1963 |title=Cash Vital If You Plan Trip to Fair |work=Newsday |page=4 |issn=2574-5298 |id={{ProQuest|913683684}}}}</ref> and the Auto Thrill Show in the Transportation Area.<ref name="nyt-1964-04-05">{{Cite news |date=April 5, 1964 |title=Big 3's World's Fair Costs Will Reach $110 Million |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1964/04/05/archives/big-3s-worlds-fair-costs-will-reach-110-million.html |access-date=May 26, 2024 |work=The New York Times |language=en-US |issn=0362-4331}}</ref> ''To Broadway With Love'' and the ''Ice-Travaganza'' closed within a few months of the fair's opening.<ref name="nyt-1964-07-27" /> A parade traveled across the fairground every day.<ref name="New York Amsterdam News 1962" /> The evangelist [[Billy Graham]] gave daily sermons at the Billy Graham Pavilion.<ref name="p279956694">{{cite news |last=Eisenberg |first=Carol |date=May 27, 2005 |title=Last NY-Area Crusade, Billy Graham Returns Next Month to City That Propelled His Career for Extravaganza at Flushing Meadows |work=Newsday |page=A09 |issn=2574-5298 |id={{ProQuest|279956694}}}}</ref>

=== Music and film ===
{{external media||width=230px|video1=[https://archive.org/details/43294castlefilmsthenyworldfairfromtheairvwr "1964 New York World's Fair From the Air" – promotional film of the architectural styles utilized in the fairgrounds (1964) on Internet Archive]}}

The fairground did not emphasize music, although a "World's Fair Festival" took place at [[Lincoln Center]] in Manhattan.<ref>{{cite news |last=Rich |first=Alan |date=August 2, 1964 |title=World's Fair Unfair to Music |work=The Washington Post, Times Herald |page=G1 |issn=0190-8286 |id={{ProQuest|142182543}}}}</ref> Popular and classical music was broadcast from 800 lampposts on the fairground.<ref>{{cite magazine |date=July 4, 1964 |title=800 Lampposts Sources for World's Fair Background Music |magazine=The Billboard |pages=55 |volume=76 |issue=27 |id={{ProQuest|1286252120}}}}</ref> The fair also had an official band; [[Cities Service]]'s World's Band of America, a 50-piece ensemble, was headed by the conductor [[Paul Lavalle]].<ref name="nyt-1964-04-23">{{Cite news |date=April 23, 1964 |title=Music: A Listener's Fill; Fair Has an Official Band, Many Other Ensembles and a Brand-New Suite |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1964/04/23/archives/music-a-listeners-fill-fair-has-an-official-band-many-other.html |access-date=June 3, 2024 |work=The New York Times |language=en-US |issn=0362-4331}}</ref> Other ensembles, including [[Guy Lombardo]], the [[United States Marine Band]],<ref name="nyt-1964-04-23" /> and the [[United States Navy Steel Band]], performed throughout the fair.<ref name="Martin 2017 f838">{{cite book |last=Martin |first=Andrew R. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=G2olDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA82 |title=Steelpan Ambassadors: The US Navy Steel Band, 1957–1999 |publisher=University Press of Mississippi |year=2017 |isbn=978-1-4968-1243-8 |series=Caribbean Studies Series |page=82}}</ref> During 1964, the amusement area hosted rock-and-roll concerts that were popular among local youth; Moses, who abhorred the genre, canceled these concerts when he learned about them.<ref name="Tirella pp. 240–241">{{harvnb|Tirella|2013|ps=.|pages=240–241}}</ref>

The fairground contained about 40 movie theaters, most of which were housed within pavilions, for which fifty films were produced.<ref name="nyt-1964-04-22_Shepard">{{Cite news |last=Shepard |first=Richard F. |date=April 22, 1964 |title=Show Biz and Big Biz Are Offering Entertainment |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1964/04/22/archives/show-biz-and-big-biz-are-offering-entertainment.html |access-date=May 31, 2024 |work=The New York Times |language=en-US |issn=0362-4331}}</ref> These included several religious films: ''[[Parable (film)|Parable]]'' at the Protestant and Orthodox pavilion;<ref name="Tirella p. 2112"/><ref>{{Cite news |date=May 15, 1964 |title='Parable Movie' Splits Fairgoers; Film at Protestant Pavilion Proves Puzzling to Some |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1964/05/15/archives/parable-movie-splits-fairgoers-film-at-protestant-pavilion-proves.html |access-date=June 1, 2024 |work=The New York Times |language=en-US |issn=0362-4331}}</ref> ''[[Man in the 5th Dimension]]'' at the Billy Graham pavilion;<ref>{{cite book |last1=Finstuen |first1=Andrew |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=wDskDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA200 |title=Billy Graham: American Pilgrim |last2=Wacker |first2=Grant |last3=Wills |first3=Anne Blue |publisher=Oxford University Press |year=2017 |isbn=978-0-19-068353-5 |page=200 |access-date=June 1, 2024}}</ref> and ''[[Man's Search for Happiness]]'' at the [[The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints|LDS]] pavilion.<ref>{{cite book |last=Hunter |first=J. Michael |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=wEPPEAAAQBAJ&pg=PA21 |title=Mormons and Popular Culture: The Global Influence of an American Phenomenon [2 Volumes] |publisher=Bloomsbury Publishing |year=2012 |isbn=978-0-313-39168-2 |page=21 |access-date=June 1, 2024}}</ref> The [[S. C. Johnson & Son|Johnson's Wax]] pavilion screened a film titled ''[[To Be Alive!]]'', which later won [[Academy Award for Best Documentary (Short Subject)|an Academy Award]].<ref name="CY p. 61" /> The WFC produced a film promoting the fair in seven languages in 1964.<ref>{{cite news |date=September 13, 1964 |title=World's Fair Film Produced |work=Los Angeles Times |pages=H10 |issn=0458-3035 |id={{ProQuest|154993218}}}}</ref>

=== Art and artifacts ===
Originally, the WFC made no effort to coordinate art exhibitions at the 1964 World's Fair, and Moses did not wish to subsidize art exhibits on the fairground,<ref name="Nicoletta p. 503" /> nor did he want to pay for an art pavilion himself.<ref name="nyt-1964-03-02">{{Cite news |date=March 2, 1964 |title=Art Societies Say Moses Vetoed Plan for Major Exhibit at Fair; Fear of a Controversy Over Contemporary Works Seen by Backers of Ldea |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1964/03/02/archives/art-societies-say-moses-vetoed-plan-for-major-exhibit-at-fair-fear.html |access-date=May 30, 2024 |work=The New York Times |language=en-US |issn=0362-4331}}</ref><ref name="Tirella pp. 97–98">{{harvnb|Tirella|2013|ps=.|pages=97–98}}</ref> After commentators spoke about the lack of art at the fair, Moses changed his mind and allowed states to display art in their pavilions.<ref name="Nicoletta pp. 503–504">{{harvnb|Nicoletta|2010|ps=.|pages=503–504}}</ref> Ten [[pop art]]ists designed art for the [[New York State Pavilion]]'s Theaterama,<ref name="Goldberger 2014">{{cite magazine |last=Goldberger |first=Paul |date=April 22, 2014 |title=What Will Become of New York's Most Beautiful Ruin? |url=https://www.vanityfair.com/culture/2014/04/new-york-state-pavilion-reopen |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230610010930/https://www.vanityfair.com/culture/2014/04/new-york-state-pavilion-reopen |archive-date=June 10, 2023 |access-date=May 12, 2024 |magazine=Vanity Fair}}</ref><ref name="Stern (1995) p. 1036">{{harvnb|Stern|Mellins|Fishman|1995|ps=.|p=1036}}</ref> and the Fine Arts pavilion displayed 250 contemporary artists' work.<ref name="Barry 1964" /><ref name="nyt-1964-05-13">{{Cite news |date=May 13, 1964 |title=Pavilion at Fair to Show Fine Art; Former Argentine Unit to Display American Works |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1964/05/13/archives/pavilion-at-fair-to-show-fine-art-former-argentine-unit-to-display.html |access-date=June 2, 2024 |work=The New York Times |language=en-US |issn=0362-4331}}</ref>

Foreign nations also displayed art and artifacts at the fair.<ref name="The Globe and Mail 1963">{{Cite news |date=November 22, 1963 |title=Important Role for Arts In N.Y. World's Fair Plan |work=The Globe and Mail |page=B3 |id={{ProQuest|1282792724}}}}</ref> Spain displayed works from artists such as [[Francisco Goya]], [[El Greco]], [[Joan Miró]], [[Pablo Picasso]], and [[Diego Velázquez]].<ref name="Tirella p. 202" /><ref name="Nicoletta (2010) pp. 505–506">{{harvnb|Nicoletta|2010|pages=505–506|ps=.}}</ref> The United Arab Republic displayed artifacts from several historical eras;<ref>{{Cite news |date=January 25, 1964 |title=Fair to Get Touch of Ancient Egypt; Collection of Treasures to Be Sent by U. A. R. |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1964/01/25/archives/fair-to-get-touch-of-ancient-egypt-collection-of-treasures-to-be.html |access-date=May 31, 2024 |work=The New York Times |language=en-US |issn=0362-4331}}</ref><ref name="Nicoletta (2010) pp. 505–506" /> the Sudan pavilion displayed a 1,300-year-old Madonna fresco;<ref>{{Cite news |date=June 26, 1964 |title=Sudan's Madonna Damaged at Fair; Cracks in Ancient Fresco Force Closing of Hall |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1964/06/26/archives/sudans-madonna-damaged-at-fair-cracks-in-ancient-fresco-force.html |access-date=June 3, 2024 |work=The New York Times |language=en-US |issn=0362-4331}}</ref> the Jordan pavilion showed the [[Dead Sea Scrolls]]; and the Republic of China pavilion displayed Chinese jade.<ref name="The Globe and Mail 1963" /> During the 1965 season, the Mexico pavilion displayed art, including [[Mesoamerica]]n pieces and works by [[José Clemente Orozco]], [[Diego Rivera]], [[David Alfaro Siqueiros]], and [[Rufino Tamayo]].<ref name="Nicoletta (2010) pp. 508–509">{{harvnb|Nicoletta|2010|pages=508–509|ps=.}}</ref><ref name="nyt-1965-05-26">{{cite news |date=May 26, 1965 |title=Art From Mexico Is Shown at Fair; Rivera Painting and Carving by Aztecs on Display |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1965/05/26/archives/art-from-mexico-is-shown-at-fair-rivera-painting-and-carving-by.html |access-date=June 3, 2024 |work=The New York Times |issn=0362-4331}}</ref> Though art was also displayed in gift shops throughout the fair, WFC officials generally only publicized artwork that was exhibited in pavilions.<ref name="Nicoletta (2010) pp. 512–513">{{harvnb|Nicoletta|2010|pages=512–513|ps=.}}</ref>

There were 95 sculptures at the fair,<ref name="Rhoades 2014 k912" /> including five permanent sculptures,<ref name="Rhoades 2014 j066">{{cite web |last=Rhoades |first=Liz |date=May 15, 2014 |title=Wide Range of Art at '64 World's Fair |url=https://www.qchron.com/editions/queenswide/wide-range-of-art-at-64-world-s-fair/article_05a5ef3c-c28a-58d8-a1f7-79de2c5290a4.html |access-date=May 26, 2024 |website=Queens Chronicle}}</ref> four which remain in Flushing Meadows–Corona Park: ''Forms in Transit'' by [[Theodore Roszak (artist)|Theodore Roszak]], ''Freedom of the Human Spirit'' by [[Marshall Fredericks]], ''Free Form'' by [[José de Rivera]], and ''[[Rocket Thrower]]'' by [[Donald De Lue]].<ref name="Rhoades 2014 j066" /> ''Armillary Sphere'' by [[Paul Manship]], was vandalized and the remaining pieces were stolen in 1980.<ref name="Rhoades 2014 j066" /><ref name="Colangelo 2014 k247">{{cite web |last=Colangelo |first=Lisa L. |date=June 24, 2014 |title=Two Rare World's Fair Sculptures Once Stolen from Flushing Meadows Corona Park Are Part of a New Exhibit at the Arsenal Gallery in Central Park |url=https://www.nydailynews.com/2014/06/24/two-rare-worlds-fair-sculptures-once-stolen-from-flushing-meadows-corona-park-are-part-of-a-new-exhibit-at-the-arsenal-gallery-in-central-park/ |access-date=May 26, 2024 |website=New York Daily News}}</ref> The temporary sculptures included [[Pietà (Michelangelo)|''Pietà'']] by [[Michelangelo]] at the Vatican pavilion,<ref name="The Globe and Mail 1963" /><ref name="Rhoades 2014 j066" /> which was one of the fair's most-popular exhibits.<ref name="Tirella p. 48">{{harvnb|Tirella|2013|ps=.|page=48}}</ref>

=== Consumer products ===
The 1964 World's Fair introduced and showed many consumer products,<ref name="Spokesman u062">{{cite web |last=Harpaz |first=Beth J. |date=April 27, 2014 |title=Relics of the 1964 World's Fair Reveal Our Fascination with Outer Space |url=https://www.spokesman.com/stories/2014/apr/27/relics-of-the-1964-worlds-fair-reveal-our/ |access-date=May 27, 2024 |website=Spokesman |agency=The Associated Press}}</ref><ref name="Bonanos 2014 v186">{{cite web |last=Bonanos |first=Christopher |date=April 22, 2014 |title=10 Innovations From the 1964–65 World's Fair That Didn't Work Out (And 5 That Did) |url=https://nymag.com/intelligencer/2014/04/near-miss-inventions-from-the-64-worlds-fair.html |access-date=June 4, 2024 |website=Intelligencer}}</ref> in what one magazine called "the ultimate marketing bonanza of [its] time".<ref name="p211850935">{{Cite magazine |last=Yarbrough |first=John F. |date=Jun 1996 |title=Fair Game: Yesterday's Dream, Today's Collectibles |magazine=Sales and Marketing Management |page=26 |volume=148 |issue=6 |id={{ProQuest|211850935}}}}</ref> [[Color television]] was popularized at the fair,<ref name="nyt-2014-04-18">{{Cite news |last=McGrath |first=Charles |date=April 18, 2014 |title=The Fair to End All Fairs |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2014/04/20/nyregion/the-fair-to-end-all-fairs.html |access-date=May 27, 2024 |work=The New York Times |language=en-US |issn=0362-4331}}</ref> and the [[Ford Mustang]] was launched just before its appearance at the fair.<ref name="Bonanos 2014 v186" /><ref name="Associated Press k397">{{cite web |date=April 12, 2014 |title=A Look at Predictions from the 1964 World's Fair |url=https://whyy.org/articles/a-look-at-predictions-from-the-1964-worlds-fair/ |access-date=June 6, 2024 |website=WHYY |agency=Associated Press}}</ref> The fair also displayed technologies such as [[Picturephone]]s and IBM computers,<ref name="Tirella pp. 201–202">{{harvnb|Tirella|2013|ps=.|pages=201–202}}</ref><ref name="CBS News 2014">{{cite web |date=April 22, 2014 |title=1964 World's Fair: Visions of the Future |url=https://www.cbsnews.com/pictures/1964-worlds-fair-visions-of-the-future/2/ |access-date=June 4, 2024 |website=CBS News}}</ref> as well as electronic devices that could display personalized data to visitors.<ref name="p426610123" /> Some pavilions incorporated [[personal computer]]s into their exhibits, and many visitors saw [[touchtone phone]]s for the first time while at the fair.<ref name="Associated Press k397" /> Other innovations, such as [[thermonuclear fusion]] power plants, undersea hotels, underground houses,<ref name="Bonanos 2014 v186" /> [[jet pack]]s, and [[Corfam]] synthetic leather, never became popular.<ref name="Rhoades 2014 o150">{{cite web |last=Rhoades |first=Liz |date=June 12, 2014 |title=Legacies Abound from World's Fair |url=https://www.qchron.com/editions/queenswide/legacies-abound-from-world-s-fair/article_61ebaee2-25bc-525e-882b-be1fc4d7f5d1.html |access-date=June 4, 2024 |website=Queens Chronicle}}</ref>