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==References== ===Notes=== {{notelist|refs= {{efn| name=pronunciation|Many alternative spellings of his surname exist, including ''Rawley'', ''Ralegh'', ''Ralagh'' and ''Rawleigh''. "Raleigh" appears most commonly today, but he is known to have used that spelling only once. His most consistent preference was for "Ralegh". His full name is {{IPAc-en|Λ|w|ΙΛ|l|t|Ιr|_|Λ|r|ΙΛ|l|i}}, but in practice, {{IPAc-en|Λ|r|Γ¦|l|i}} {{Respell|RAL|ee}} and even {{IPAc-en|Λ|r|ΙΛ|l|i}} {{Respell|RAH|lee}} are the usual modern pronunciations in England.}} }} ===Citations=== {{Reflist|refs= <ref name=si.edu>{{Cite web |url=http://www.serc.si.edu/education/resources/watershed/stories/roanoke.aspx |title=The lost colony of Roanoke Island |access-date=29 October 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151101082546/http://www.serc.si.edu/education/resources/watershed/stories/roanoke.aspx |archive-date=1 November 2015 |url-status=dead |website=The Smithsonian Institution}}</ref> <ref name=thelostworld.org>{{cite web |url=http://www.thelostworld.org/characters/Character.htm |title=Walter Raleigh β Delusions of Guiana |website=The Lost World: The Gran Sabana, Canaima National Park and Angel Falls β Venezuela |access-date=22 May 2015 |archive-date=9 February 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120209070538/http://www.thelostworld.org/characters/Character.htm}}</ref> <ref name=yale.edu>{{cite web|title=Charter to Sir Walter Raleigh: 1584|url=http://avalon.law.yale.edu/16th_century/raleigh.asp|website=The Avalon Project|publisher=Yale Law School, Lillian Goldman Law Library|access-date=14 June 2015|archive-date=23 January 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090123233745/http://avalon.law.yale.edu/16th_century/raleigh.asp|url-status=live}}</ref> <ref name="Midddle Temple">{{citation|title=Register of Admissions to the Honourable Society of the Middle Temple|volume= I|page=39}}</ref> <ref name="Walter Raleigh Biography">{{cite web |url=http://www.biography.com/people/walter-raleigh-9450901 |title=Walter Raleigh Biography |website=The Biography Channel |access-date=12 March 2014 |archive-date=13 March 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140313145636/http://www.biography.com/people/walter-raleigh-9450901 |url-status=live }}</ref> <ref name=crimtrial>1 Criminal Trials 400, 400β511, 1850.</ref> <ref name=uark.edu>{{cite web|title=Note on the trial under commission of Oyer and Terminer with a jury, at a court of assizes|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100609194849/http://law.uark.edu/documents/Bailey_BE_Trial_of_Sir_Walter_Raleigh.pdf|url=http://law.uark.edu/documents/Bailey_BE_Trial_of_Sir_Walter_Raleigh.pdf|archive-date=9 June 2010}}</ref> <ref name=wallacecollection.org>{{cite web|title=Sir Walter Raleigh's tobacco pouch|url=http://wallacelive.wallacecollection.org/eMuseumPlus?service=ExternalInterface&module=collection&objectId=64809&viewType=detailView|publisher=Wallace Collection|access-date=1 November 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121109092652/https://wallacelive.wallacecollection.org/eMuseumPlus?service=ExternalInterface&module=collection&objectId=64809&viewType=detailView|archive-date=9 November 2012}}</ref> }} ===Sources=== {{refbegin|2|indent=yes}} *{{Cite web |title=Woodbury Common β Hayes Barton |last=Batten |first=Jim |work=britishexplorers.com |date=16 August 2020 |access-date=6 September 2020 |url=http://www.britishexplorers.com/woodbury/hayesba.html |archive-date=5 August 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200805014854/http://www.britishexplorers.com/woodbury/hayesba.html |url-status=live }} *{{cite book|editor1-first=Joseph|editor1-last=Black|title=The Broadview Anthology of British Literature|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=fBkw3d6adu4C&pg=PA724|edition=2nd|volume=A|year=2011|publisher=Broadview Press|isbn=978-1-77048-086-5|display-editors=et al|ref={{sfnref|Black et al.|2011}}}} *{{cite web |first=Gene |last=Borio |url=http://www.tobacco.org/resources/history/Tobacco_History17.html |title=Tobacco Timeline: The Seventeenth Century β The Great Age of the Pipe |publisher=Tobacco.org |access-date=29 October 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121109093130/http://archive.tobacco.org/resources/history/Tobacco_History17.html |archive-date=9 November 2012 |date=2007 }} *{{cite book|last1=Bremer|first1=Francis J.|last2=Webster|first2=Tom|title=Puritans and Puritanism in Europe and America: A Comprehensive Encyclopedia|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=EzvHvEDPosQC&pg=PA454|year=2006|publisher=ABC-CLIO|isbn=978-1-57607-678-1}} *{{cite book|url=https://archive.org/stream/raleghana08brus|title=Raleghana|last=Brushfield|first=Thomas Nadauld|author-link=Thomas Nadauld Brushfield|volume=8|year=1896|location=Plymouth|publisher=Devonshire Association}} *{{cite book|last=Bullett|first=Gerald|author-link=Gerald Bullett|title=Silver Poets of the 16th Century|series=[[Everyman's Library]]|volume=1985|year=1947|publisher=Dent|location=London}} * {{Cite journal |title = Reading the 1592 Groatsworth Attack on Shakespeare |last = Carroll|first = D. Allen |journal = Tennessee Law Review |publisher = Tennessee Law Review Association |year = 2004 |volume = 72 |issue = 1|pages = 277β94 |issn = 0040-3288}} *{{cite book|last1=Cherry|first1=Bridget|author-link1=Bridget Cherry|last2=Pevsner|first2=Nikolaus|author-link2=Nikolaus Pevsner|title=The Buildings of England: Devon|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=5wd_Pw4L3zcC|year=2004|publisher=Penguin|isbn=978-0-300-09596-8}} *{{cite book|last=Christenson|first=Ron|title=Political Trials in History: From Antiquity to the Present|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=WKBDAQAAIAAJ|year=1991|publisher=Transaction|isbn=978-0-88738-406-6}} *{{cite journal|journal=Archaeologia|page=151|publisher=The Society of Antiquaries of London|date=1852|volume=34|issue=2|title=Additional Information respecting the Life and Services of Sir Walter Raleigh|first=John Payne|last=Collier|doi=10.1017/S026134090000103X|url=https://zenodo.org/record/1812965|access-date=28 September 2020|archive-date=4 August 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210804003353/https://zenodo.org/record/1812965|url-status=live}} *{{cite book|last=Edwards|first=Edward|author-link=Edward Edwards (librarian)|title=The Life of Sir Walter Ralegh|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=jaRRAAAAcAAJ&pg=PA26|volume=1|year=1868|publisher=Macmillan & Company}} *{{cite book|last1=Durant|first1= Will |last2=Durant|first2= Ariel |date=1961|title=The Story of Civilization|title-link=The Story of Civilization|volume=VII|publisher=Simon and Schuster|isbn=978-1567310238}} *{{cite book|last=Fairholt|first=Frederick William|date=1859|url=https://archive.org/details/tobaccoitshistor00fair|title=Tobacco, Its History and Associations|location=London|publisher=Chapman and Hall}} *{{cite book|last=Fuller|first=Thomas|author-link=Thomas Fuller|title=Anglorum Speculum: Or The Worthies of England, in Church and State|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=XvYm-o5Gw_UC&pg=749|year=1684|publisher=J. Wright}} *{{Cite web|url=http://fewbetween.blogspot.com/2013/01/walter-raleigh-wrote-shakespeare.html|title=Far and few between: Walter Raleigh Wrote Shakespeare?|first=Michael J.|last=Farrand|date=26 January 2013|access-date=20 December 2018|archive-date=20 December 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181220231004/http://fewbetween.blogspot.com/2013/01/walter-raleigh-wrote-shakespeare.html|url-status=live}} * {{Cite book |title = The Shakespeare Claimants |series = Routledge Library Editions β Shakespeare |last = Gibson |first = H. N. |publisher = Routledge |year = 2005 |orig-year = 1962 |isbn = 978-0-415-35290-1 |url = https://books.google.com/books?id=W7HEMEsGiVUC |access-date = 20 December 2010 }} *{{cite book|last=Hakluyt|first=Richard|editor=Irwin R. Blacker|title=Hakluyt's Voyages: The Principle Navigations Voyages Traffiques & Discoveries of the English Nation|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=b6gnAQAAMAAJ|year=1965|publisher=Viking Press|location=New York|isbn=978-0-670-01067-7}} *{{Cite web |title=Did Shakespeare Really Write His Plays? A Few Theories Examined |last=Hechinger |first=Paul |work=BBC America |date=October 2011 |access-date=6 September 2020 |url=https://www.bbcamerica.com/anglophenia/2011/10/did-shakespeare-really-write-his-plays-a-few-theories-examined/2 |archive-date=7 August 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200807035831/https://www.bbcamerica.com/anglophenia/2011/10/did-shakespeare-really-write-his-plays-a-few-theories-examined/2 |url-status=live }} * {{Cite book |chapter = The Question of Authorship |title = Shakespeare: an Oxford Guide |series = Oxford Guides |editor1-last = Wells |editor1-first = Stanley |editor2-last = Orlin |editor2-first = Lena Cowen |last = Kathman |first = David |publisher = Oxford University Press |year = 2003 |pages = 620β632 |isbn = 978-0-19-924522-2}} *{{cite book|first=Walter Raleigh |last=King |date=2019|title=Sunk Down among the People: The Story of the Descendants of Sir Walter Raleigh|publisher=Kindle Direct Publishing |asin=B081SKM5HD}} *{{cite DNB|last1=Laughton|first1= John Knox |last2=Lee|first2=Sidney|volume=47|wstitle=Ralegh, Walter (1552?β1618)}} *{{cite DNB|wstitle=Stucley, Lewis|volume=55|first=John Knox|last=Laughton}} *{{Cite magazine|last=Ley|first=Willy|date=December 1965|title=The Healthfull Aromatick Herbe|department=For Your Information|magazine=Galaxy Science Fiction|url=http://www.isfdb.org/cgi-bin/title.cgi?659721|editor=Frederik Pohl|access-date=6 September 2020|archive-date=27 May 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220527215403/http://www.isfdb.org/cgi-bin/title.cgi?659721|url-status=live}} *{{cite book|author1-link=John Lloyd (producer)|last1=Lloyd |first1=J.|author2-link=John Mitchinson (researcher)|last2=Mitchinson|first2= J.|date=2006|title=[[The Book of General Ignorance]] |publisher=Faber and Faber|isbn=0-307-39491-3}} *{{cite book|last1=May|first1=Steven W.|title=Sir Walter Ralegh|date=1989|publisher=Twayne|location=Boston, MA|isbn=9780805769838}} Raleigh as a writer and poet. * {{cite ODNB|id=23039|title=Ralegh, Sir Walter (1554β1618)|last=Nicholls|first=Mark|last2=Williams|first2= Penry |date=17 September 2004}} * {{Cite journal |title = Stratford Si! Essex No! |last = Nelson |first = Alan H. |year = 2004 |journal = Tennessee Law Review |publisher = Tennessee Law Review Association |volume = 72 |issue = 1 |pages = 149β169 |issn = 0040-3288}} *{{cite book|last1=Nicholls|first1=Mark|last2=Williams|first2=Penry|title=Sir Walter Raleigh: In Life and Legend|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=R8TOqi0Dd4cC&pg=PA15|year=2011|publisher=A&C Black|isbn=978-1-4411-1209-5}} * {{Cite magazine |title = The Sweet Swan |last = Paster |first = Gail Kern |magazine = [[Harper's Magazine]] |date = April 1999 |url = http://www.harpers.org/archive/1999/04/0060465 |access-date = 2 March 2011 |format = subscription required |pages = 38β41 |archive-date = 3 November 2011 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20111103140340/http://harpers.org/archive/1999/04/0060465 |url-status = live }} * {{Cite journal |title = Irvin Matus's ''Shakespeare, In Fact'' |last = Pendleton |first = Thomas A. |journal = Shakespeare Newsletter |publisher = [[University of Illinois at Chicago]] |volume = 44 |issue = Summer |year = 1994 |pages = 21, 26β30 |issn = 0037-3214}} *{{cite book|last=Popper|first=Nicholas|title=Walter Ralegh's "History of the World" and the Historical Culture of the Late Renaissance|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=DYCk9b8SPA0C|year=2012|publisher=University of Chicago Press|isbn=978-0-226-67502-2}} *{{cite book|last=Quinn|first=David B.|title=Set Fair for Roanoke: Voyages and Colonies, 1584β1606|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=DvA0Az4owikC|year=1985|publisher=UNC Press|location=Chapel Hill|isbn=978-0-8078-4123-5}} *{{cite book|last=Racin|first=John|title=Sir Walter Ralegh as Historian: An Analysis of The History of the World|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=EWZExwEACAAJ|year=1974|publisher=Inst. f. Engl. Sprache u. Literatur, Univ. Salzburg}} *{{cite book|last=Ronald|first=Susan|title=The Pirate Queen: Queen Elizabeth I, Her Pirate Adventurers, and the Dawn of Empire|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=c3Ny_3Gp95kC|year=2007|publisher=HarperCollins|isbn=978-0-06-082066-4}} *{{cite book|last=Rowse|first=Alfred Leslie|author-link=Alfred Leslie Rowse|title=Ralegh and the Throckmortons|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=-lC8zQEACAAJ|year=1962|publisher=St. Martin's Press|location=London|isbn=9787800419980}} *{{cite book|last1=Salaman|first1=Redcliffe N.|last2=Burton|first2=William Glynn|title=The History and Social Influence of the Potato|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=EV4YE_0RsywC&pg=PA148|year=1985|publisher=University Press|location=Cambridge|isbn=978-0-521-31623-1}} * {{Cite book |title = Shakespeare's Lives |last = Schoenbaum |first = S. |edition = 2nd |publisher = Oxford University Press |year = 1991 |url = https://books.google.com/books?id=0zZc7VFGNtMC |isbn = 978-0-19-818618-2 }} *{{cite book|last=St. John|first=James Augustus|author-link=James Augustus St. John|title=Life of Sir Walter Raleigh: 1552β1618|chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=uTnSAAAAMAAJ&pg=PA52|year=1869|publisher=Chapman & Hall|chapter=Perpetrates the Massacre of Del Oro}} * {{Cite book |title = Henry V, War Criminal?: and Other Shakespeare Puzzles |last1 = Sutherland |first1 = John |author-link = John Sutherland (author) |last2 = Watts |first2 = Cedric T. |publisher = Oxford University Press |year = 2000 |isbn = 978-0-19-283879-7 |url = https://books.google.com/books?id=M_QGoTWMmMgC |access-date = 16 February 2011 }} *{{cite book|last=Trevelyan|first=Raleigh|author-link=Raleigh Trevelyan|title=Sir Walter Raleigh|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=6oBnAAAAMAAJ|year=2002|publisher=Allen Lane|isbn=978-0-7139-9326-4}} *{{cite book|last=Vivian|first=John Lambrick|author-link=John Lambrick Vivian|title=The Visitations of the County of Devon: Comprising the Herald's Visitations of 1531, 1564, & 1620|url=https://archive.org/details/VisitationOfTheCountyOfDevonInTheYear1620/|year=1895|publisher=H. S. Eland}} *{{Cite book|last=Wallace|first=Willard Mosher |author-link=Willard M. Wallace|title=Sir Walter Raleigh|publisher=Princeton University Press|year=1959|isbn=978-1-4008-7900-7|location=Princeton, N.J.|oclc=927442536}} *{{Cite web |title=Who Really Wrote Shakespeare's Plays? Sir Walter Raleigh ? |last1=Wallechinsky |first1=David |last2=Wallace |first2=Irving |work=trivia-library.com |date=1981 |access-date=6 September 2020 |url=https://www.trivia-library.com/b/who-really-wrote-shakespeare-plays-sir-walter-raleigh.htm |archive-date=26 January 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210126101739/https://www.trivia-library.com/b/who-really-wrote-shakespeare-plays-sir-walter-raleigh.htm |url-status=live }} *{{cite book|last=Williams|first=Norman Lloyd|date=1988|title=Sir Walter Raleigh|series=Cassell Biographies|url=https://archive.org/details/sirwalterraleigh00will|ol=24939443M|oclc=18325609|isbn=9780304322411}} *{{cite encyclopedia|url=https://www.encyclopediavirginia.org/Raleigh_Sir_Walter_ca_1552-1618|title=Sir Walter Raleigh (ca. 1552β1618)|last=Wolfe|first=Brendan|encyclopedia=Encyclopedia Virginia|publisher=Virginia Humanities|access-date=1 March 2020|date=2018|archive-date=30 October 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201030101630/https://www.encyclopediavirginia.org/Raleigh_Sir_Walter_ca_1552-1618|url-status=live}} *{{cite ODNB|id=26740|title=Stucley, Sir Lewis|first=Mary|last=Wolffe|date=23 September 2004}} {{refend}} ===Further reading=== {{refbegin}} * Adamson, J.H. and Folland, H. F. ''Shepherd of the Ocean'', 1969. * Beer, Anna. ''Sir Walter Raleigh and his readers in the Seventeenth Century'' (Springer, 1997). * Beer, Anna. ''Patriot or Traitor: The Life and Death of Sir Walter Ralegh'' (Oneworld, 2018). * Bevan, Bryan. ''The Great Seamen of Elizabeth I'' (Robert Hale, 1971). * Hiscock, Andrew. "Walter Ralegh and the Arts of Memory." ''Literature Compass'' 4.4 (2007): 1030β1058. * Dwyer, Jack. ''Dorset Pioneers'' [[The History Press]], 2009. {{ISBN|978-0-7524-5346-0}} * Gallay, Alan. ''Walter Ralegh: Architect of Empire'' (2019), a major scholarly biography [https://www.amazon.com/Walter-Ralegh-Architect-Alan-Gallay/dp/1541645790/ excerpt] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240326210006/https://www.amazon.com/Walter-Ralegh-Architect-Alan-Gallay/dp/1541645790 |date=26 March 2024 }} * Holmes, John. "The Guiana Projects: Imperial and Colonial Ideologies in Ralegh and Purchas." ''Literature & History'' 14.2 (2005): 1β13. * Lawson-Peebles, Robert. "The many faces of Sir Walter Ralegh" ''History Today'' 48.3 (1998): 17+. * [[C. S. Lewis|Lewis, C. S.]] ''English Literature in the Sixteenth Century Excluding Drama,'' (1954). * Lyons, Mathew. ''The Favourite: Ralegh and His Queen'' (Hachette UK, 2011). * Lyons, Mathew. "Cloaked in Mystery." ''History Today'' (2012) 62.7 pp 72β72 * Pemberton, Henry (Author); Carroll Smyth (Editor), Susan L. Pemberton (Contributor) ''Shakespeare And Sir Walter Raleigh: Including Also Several Essays Previously Published In The New Shakspeareana'', Kessinger Publishing, LLC; 264 pages, 2007. {{ISBN|978-0548312483}} * Ralegh, Sir Walter, and Michael Rudick. "The Poems of Sir Walter Ralegh: A Historical Edition." (Arizona Center for Medieval and Renaissance Studies/Renaissance English Text Society, 1999). * [[William Stebbing|Stebbing, William]]: ''Sir Walter Ralegh'' Oxford, 1899 [https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/25029 Project Gutenberg eText] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191007202012/http://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/25029 |date=7 October 2019 }} * {{Cite book|last=Tytler|first=Patrick Fraser|author-link=Patrick Fraser Tytler|year=1848|title=Life of Sir Walter Raleigh, Founded on Authentic and Original Documents|publisher=T. Nelson and Sons|publication-date=1853|location=London|url=https://archive.org/details/lifesirwalterra02tytlgoog|access-date=17 August 2008}} {{refend}}
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