Editing Vinegar (section)

===Folk medicine===
Since antiquity, [[traditional medicine|folk medicine]] treatments have used vinegar, but no conclusive evidence from clinical research supports health claims of benefits for diabetes, weight loss, [[cancer]], or use as a [[probiotic]].<ref name=harvard/><ref>{{cite journal |last1=Budak |first1=Nilgün H. |last2=Aykin |first2=Elif |last3=Seydim |first3=Atif C. |last4=Greene |first4=Annel K. |last5=Guzel-Seydim |first5=Zeynep B. |title=Functional Properties of Vinegar |journal=Journal of Food Science |date=May 2014 |volume=79 |issue=5 |pages=R757-64 |doi=10.1111/1750-3841.12434 |pmid=24811350 }}</ref> A systematic review and meta-analysis later suggested it could help type 2 diabetics reduce insulin and glucose after meals.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Cheng |first1=Ling Jie |last2=Jiang |first2=Ying |last3=Wu |first3=Vivien Xi |last4=Wang |first4=Wenru |title=A systematic review and meta-analysis: Vinegar consumption on glycaemic control in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus |journal=Journal of Advanced Nursing |date=February 2020 |volume=76 |issue=2 |pages=459–474 |doi=10.1111/jan.14255 |pmid=31667860 |s2cid=204975904 }}</ref> 

Applying vinegar to common [[jellyfish]] stings deactivates the [[nematocyst]]s, although not as effectively as hot water.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Nomura |first1=Jason T. |last2=Sato |first2=Renee L. |last3=Ahern |first3=Reina M. |last4=Snow |first4=Joanne L. |last5=Kuwaye |first5=Todd T. |last6=Yamamoto |first6=Loren G. |title=A randomized paired comparison trial of cutaneous treatments for acute jellyfish (Carybdea alata) stings |journal=The American Journal of Emergency Medicine |date=November 2002 |volume=20 |issue=7 |pages=624–626 |doi=10.1053/ajem.2002.35710 |pmid=12442242 }}</ref> This also applies to the [[Portuguese man o' war]], which, although generally considered to be a jellyfish, is not (it is a [[Siphonophorae|siphonophore]]).<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.hawaii.edu/news/2017/05/02/man-o-war-stings-first-aid/ |title=UH scientists scrutinize first aid for man o' war stings |date=2 May 2017 |publisher=hawaii.edu |access-date=2020-07-17 |archive-date=8 May 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210508132053/https://www.hawaii.edu/news/2017/05/02/man-o-war-stings-first-aid/ |url-status=live}}</ref>

Some treatments with vinegar pose risks to health.<ref name="Johnston">{{cite journal |last1=Johnston |first1=Carol S. |last2=Gaas |first2=Cindy A. |title=Vinegar: Medicinal Uses and Antiglycemic Effect |journal=Medscape General Medicine |date=30 May 2006 |volume=8 |issue=2 |pages=61 |pmid=16926800 |pmc=1785201 }}</ref> [[Esophagus|Esophageal]] injury by apple cider vinegar has been reported, and because vinegar products sold for medicinal purposes are neither regulated nor standardized, such products may vary widely in content and acidity.<ref name="pmid15983536">{{cite journal |last1=Hill |first1=Laura L. |last2=Woodruff |first2=Logan H. |last3=Foote |first3=Jerald C. |last4=Barreto-Alcoba |first4=Morela |title=Esophageal Injury by Apple Cider Vinegar Tablets and Subsequent Evaluation of Products |journal=Journal of the American Dietetic Association |date=July 2005 |volume=105 |issue=7 |pages=1141–1144 |doi=10.1016/j.jada.2005.04.003 |pmid=15983536 }}</ref>