Editing Vienna (section)

===Political history===
{{Further|First Austrian Republic|Red Vienna}}
[[File:Wien Rathaus hochauflösend.jpg|thumb|The [[Vienna City Hall|Rathaus]] (''City Hall''), the seat of the local government.]]
In the provinces represented in the [[Imperial Council (Austria)|Imperial Council]], men had enjoyed universal [[suffrage]] at the national level since 1907. However, Mayor [[Karl Lueger]] of the [[Christian Social Party (Austria)|Christian Social Party]] prevented the adoption of this right to vote in municipal council elections, effectively excluding many working-class people. The first elections in which [[Universal suffrage|all adult men and women]] were entitled to vote took place in 1919, after the end of the monarchy. Since 1919, the [[Social Democratic Party of Austria]] (SPÖ) has consistently provided the mayor in all free elections, and the Vienna City Council (the city parliament) has maintained a Social Democratic majority.

On 10 November 1920, the [[Constitution of Austria|Federal Constitution of Austria]] came into force. This constitution defined Vienna as a separate [[Federal states of Austria|federal state]], enabling its separation from [[Lower Austria]]. Since then, the [[List of mayors of Vienna|mayor of Vienna]] has also served as the governor of the state, the city senate has functioned as the state government and the municipal council the state parliament. Vienna continued to serve as the seat of the Lower Austrian government until 1997, when it relocated to [[Sankt Pölten|St. Pölten]].

From 1934 to 1945, during the [[Federal State of Austria|Austrofascist]] and [[Austria within Nazi Germany|Nazi]] periods, no democratic elections were held, and the city was governed under a [[dictatorship]]. During this time, the SPÖ was banned, and many of its members were imprisoned. Vienna's city constitution was reinstated in 1945.

The city has enacted numerous social democratic policies. One notable example is the [[Gemeindebau]]ten, [[Public housing|social housing]] assets that are well-integrated into the city's architecture outside the inner district. These low-cost rentals provide comfortable accommodation and good access to city amenities. Many of the projects were built after World War II on vacant lots left by bombings during the war, with a strong emphasis on high construction standards. Today, Vienna's social housing accommodates over 500,000 people.<ref>{{cite web |title=Social Housing in Vienna |url=https://www.wienerwohnen.at/wiener-gemeindebau/municipal-housing-in-vienna.html |website=www.wienerwohnen.at |publisher=City of Vienna |access-date=10 August 2023 |archive-date=10 August 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230810230349/https://www.wienerwohnen.at/wiener-gemeindebau/municipal-housing-in-vienna.html |url-status=live }}</ref>