Editing Tillage (section)

===Access===
Site preparation on some sites might be done simply to facilitate access by planters, or to improve access and increase the number or distribution of microsites suitable for planting or seeding.

Wang et al. (2000)<ref name="wang">{{Cite journal |last1=Wang |first1=G. Geoff |last2=Siemens |first2=J. Aurea |last3=Keenan |first3=Vince |last4=Philippot |first4=Daniel |date=2000-10-01 |title=Survival and growth of black and white spruce seedlings in relation to stock type, site preparation and plantation type in southeastern Manitoba |journal=The Forestry Chronicle |language=en |volume=76 |issue=5 |pages=775–782 |doi=10.5558/tfc76775-5 |issn=0015-7546|doi-access=free }}</ref> determined field performance of white and black spruces 8 and 9 years after outplanting on boreal mixedwood sites following site preparation (Donaren disc trenching versus no trenching) in 2 plantation types (open versus sheltered) in southeastern Manitoba. Donaren trenching slightly reduced the mortality of black spruce but significantly increased the mortality of white spruce. Significant difference in height was found between open and sheltered plantations for black spruce but not for white spruce, and root collar diameter in sheltered plantations was significantly larger than in open plantations for black spruce but not for white spruce. Black spruce open plantation had significantly smaller volume (97&nbsp;cm<sup>3</sup>) compared with black spruce sheltered (210&nbsp;cm<sup>3</sup>), as well as white spruce open (175&nbsp;cm<sup>3</sup>) and sheltered (229&nbsp;cm<sup>3</sup>) plantations. White spruce open plantations also had smaller volume than white spruce sheltered plantations. For transplant stock, strip plantations had a significantly higher volume (329&nbsp;cm<sup>3</sup>) than open plantations (204&nbsp;cm<sup>3</sup>). Wang et al. (2000)<ref name="wang" /> recommended that sheltered plantation site preparation should be used.