Editing Themistocles (section)

=== Succession and descendants ===
[[File:Archeptolis portrait from his coinage.jpg|thumb|upright=0.8|left|Portrait of a ruler with [[olive wreath]] on the Magnesian coinage of [[Archeptolis]], son of Themistocles, {{Circa|459&nbsp;BC|lk=no}}. The portraits on the coinage of Archeptolis could also represent Themistocles himself.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.cngcoins.com/Coin.aspx?CoinID=201575 |title=CNG}}</ref>]]
[[Archeptolis]], son of Themistocles, became a Governor of Magnesia after his father's death {{Circa|459&nbsp;BCE|lk=no}}.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Clough |first1=Arthur Hugh |title=Plutarch's Lives of Themistocles, Pericles, Aristides, Alcibiades, and Coriolanus, Demosthenes, and Cicero, Caesar and Antony: In the Translation Called Dryden's |year=1909 |publisher=P. F. Collier & Son |pages=[https://archive.org/details/plutarchslivesof00plut/page/33 33]–34 |url=https://archive.org/details/plutarchslivesof00plut}}</ref><ref name="JH">{{cite book |last1=Hyland |first1=John O. |title=Persian Interventions: The Achaemenid Empire, Athens, and Sparta, 450–386 BCE |publisher=Johns Hopkins University Press |isbn=978-1-4214-2370-8 |page=22 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=QwFDDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA22 |year=2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=K. G. |first1=Fritz Rudolf Künker |title=Künker Auktion 158 – Münzen aus der Welt der Antike |publisher=Numismatischer Verlag Künker |page=49 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=E-1hlTPEbmAC&pg=PA49 |language=de}}</ref><ref name="ANS">"The history and coinage of Themistokles as lord of Ionian Magnesia ad Maeandrum and of his son and successor, Archepolis, is illustrated by among other things, coins of Magnesia." in {{cite book |title=Numismatic Literature |year=2005 |publisher=American Numismatic Society |page=5 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=-13gAAAAMAAJ}}</ref> Archeptolis also minted his own silver coinage as he ruled Magnesia, and it is probable that part of his revenues continued to be handed over to the [[Achaemenid]]s in exchange for the maintenance of their territorial grant.<ref name="JH" /><ref name="ANS" /> Themistocles and his son formed what some authors have called "a Greek dynasty in the Persian Empire".<ref>"Eine griechishe Dynastie im Perserreich" in {{cite book |last1=Nollé |first1=Johannes |title=Themistokles und Archepolis: Eine griechische Dynastie im Perserreich und ihre Münzprägung, JNG 48/49, 1998/1999, 29–70. (zusammen mit A. Wenninger) |year=1998 |url=https://www.academia.edu/8316787 |language=de}}</ref>

From a second wife, Themistocles also had a daughter named Mnesiptolema, whom he appointed as priestess of the Temple of [[Dindymene]] in Magnesia, with the title of "Mother of the Gods".<ref name="DH" /> Mnesiptolema would eventually marry her half-brother Archeptolis, homopatric (but not homometric) marriages being permitted in Athens.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Cox |first1=Cheryl Anne |title=Household Interests: Property, Marriage Strategies, and Family Dynamics in Ancient Athens |year=2014 |publisher=Princeton University Press |isbn=978-1-4008-6469-0 |page=218 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=iFMABAAAQBAJ&pg=PA218}}</ref>

Themistocles also had several other daughters, named Nicomache, Asia, Italia, Sybaris, and probably Hellas, who married the Greek exile in Persia [[Gongylos]] and still had a fief in Persian Anatolia in 400/399&nbsp;BC as his widow.<ref name="DH">{{cite book |last1=Harvey |first1=David |last2=Wilkins |first2=John |title=The Rivals of Aristophanes: Studies in Athenian Old Comedy |year=2002 |publisher=ISD |isbn=978-1-910589-59-5 |pages=199–201 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=NQVPDgAAQBAJ&pg=PA200}}</ref>

Themistocles also had three other sons, Diocles, Polyeucteus and Cleophantus, the latter possibly a ruler of [[Lampsacus]].<ref name="DH" /> One of the descendants of Cleophantus still issued a decree in Lampsacus around 200 BC mentioning a feast for his own father, also named Themistocles, who had greatly benefited the city.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Foster |first1=Edith |last2=Lateiner |first2=Donald |title=Thucydides and Herodotus |year=2012 |publisher=Oxford University Press |isbn=978-0-19-959326-2 |page=227 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=TLUuoPELY4kC&pg=PA227}}</ref> Later, [[Pausanias (geographer)|Pausanias]] wrote that the sons of Themistocles "appear to have returned to Athens", and that they dedicated a painting of Themistocles in the [[Parthenon]] and erected a bronze statue to [[Artemis Leucophryene]], the goddess of Magnesia, on the [[Acropolis]].<ref name="DH200" /><ref>Paus. [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Paus.%201.1.2&lang=original 1.1.2], [https://books.google.com/books?id=Wz72pKpgpx8C&pg=PA38 26.4]</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=Habicht |first1=Christian |title=Pausanias Guide to Ancient Greece |year=1998 |publisher=University of California Press |isbn=978-0-520-06170-5 |page=5 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9cJYpYbScEUC&pg=PA5}}</ref> They may have returned from [[Asia Minor]] in old age, after 412&nbsp;BC, when the Achaemenids took again firm control of the Greek cities of Asia, and they may have been expelled by the Achaemenid satrap [[Tissaphernes]] sometime between 412 and 399 BC.<ref name="DH200">{{cite book |last1=Harvey |first1=David |last2=Wilkins |first2=John |title=The Rivals of Aristophanes: Studies in Athenian Old Comedy |year=2002 |publisher=ISD |isbn=978-1-910589-59-5 |page=200 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=NQVPDgAAQBAJ&pg=PA200}}</ref> In effect, from 414&nbsp;BC, [[Darius II]] had started to resent increasing Athenian power in the [[Aegean sea|Aegean]] and had Tissaphernes enter into an alliance with [[Sparta]] against [[Athens]], which in 412 BC led to the Persian conquest of the greater part of [[Ionia]].<ref name=":0">{{Cite book |title=Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology |last=Smith |first=William |publisher=Little & Brown |year=1867 |volume=3 |location=Boston |pages=1154–1156}}</ref>

[[Plutarch]], in the 1st century&nbsp;AD, indicates that he met in Athens a lineal descendant of Themistocles (also called Themistocles) who was still being paid revenues from [[Asia Minor]], 600&nbsp;years after the events in question.<ref name="PT32">Plutarch [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0182;query=chapter%3D%23248;layout=;loc=Them.%2031.1 Themistocles, 32]</ref>