Editing Telecommunications in Russia (section)

==Fiber optical infrastructure==
In late 2012, Russia's leading telecom companies [[Rostelecom]], [[MTS (telecommunications)|MTS]], [[PJSC Vimpelcom]] and [[Megafon]] signed memorandum to jointly build and operate submarine-laid fiber optic cable to connect between town of [[Okha, Russia|Okha]] on [[Sakhalin]] Island with the mainland towns of [[Magadan]] and [[Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky]]. Capacity of the underwater cable will amount to 8 [[Tbit/s]] (80*100 [[Gbit/s]]) with the total length of lines around 2,000&nbsp;km.<ref>{{cite web| url =http://subseaworldnews.com/2012/05/15/russia-to-get-submarine-fiber-optic-cable-in-far-east/| title =Russia to Get Submarine Fiber-Optic Cable in Far East
| work =Subsea World News| date =15 May 2012
| access-date = 22 November 2013}}</ref><ref>{{cite web| url =http://www.comnews.ru/node/63986| title ="Большая четверка" уйдет под воду + | work =Subsea World News| access-date = 22 November 2013}}</ref><ref>{{cite web| url =http://www.comnews.ru/node/79610| title ="Ростелеком" готовится к погружению |work =comnews.ru| access-date = 7 December 2013}}</ref>

At the end of 2013, Rostelecom completed to deploy the [[Tynda]] - [[Yakutsk]] fiber line which according to the company provides [[Redundant topologies|network redundancy]], optimizing traffic and increase trunk in areas [[Tynda]] - [[Skovorodino, Amur Oblast|Skovorodino]] - [[Khabarovsk]].<ref>{{cite web| url =http://www.comnews.ru/node/77815|title ="Ростелеком" достроит магистральный канал Тында-Якутск до конца года| work =comnews.ru| access-date = 16 November 2013}}</ref> The 1,056-km, 80 Gbit/s link is based on DWDM technology. Its capacity can be expanded to 3.2&nbsp;Tbit/s in future. The new backbone increased the capacity of telecommunications links in Yakutsk, Aldan and Neryungri, as well as Nizhny-Bestyakh, Kachikatsy, Nizhny-Kuranakh, Bolshoy-Khatymi and Yengra.<ref>{{cite web| url =http://www.telecompaper.com/news/rostelecom-launches-fibre-backbone-in-sakha--995987|title =Rostelecom launches fibre backbone in Sakha| work =Telecompapaer|date=13 February 2014| access-date = 14 February 2014}}</ref>