Editing Software engineering (section)

=== Impact of globalization ===
The initial impact of outsourcing, and the relatively lower cost of international human resources in developing third world countries led to a massive migration of software development activities from corporations in North America and Europe to India and later: China, Russia, and other developing countries. This approach had some flaws, mainly the distance / time zone difference that prevented human interaction between clients and developers and the massive job transfer. This had a negative impact on many aspects of the software engineering profession. For example, some students in the [[developed world]] avoid education related to software engineering because of the fear of [[offshore outsourcing]] (importing software products or services from other countries) and of being displaced by [[Foreign Worker Visa|foreign visa workers]].<ref>{{cite web |first=Patrick|last=Thibodaux|url=http://www.computerworld.com/article/2555175/it-careers/as-outsourcing-gathers-steam--computer-science-interest-wanes.html |title=As outsourcing gathers steam, computer science interest wanes |publisher=Computerworld.com |date=2006-05-05 |access-date=2016-12-06}}</ref> Although statistics do not currently show a threat to software engineering itself; a related career, [[computer programming]] does appear to have been affected.<ref>{{cite web |title=Software developer growth slows in North America: Study shows Asia will lead in software developer jobs by 2010 |author=Robert Mullins |date=March 13, 2007 |website=InfoWorld |series=Software Development |url=https://www.infoworld.com/article/2660992/software-developer-growth-slows-in-north-america.html}}</ref> Nevertheless, the ability to smartly leverage offshore and near-shore resources via the [[follow-the-sun]] workflow has improved the overall operational capability of many organizations.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.cognizant.com/html/content/news/GartnerMQ_Cognizant.pdf |title=Gartner Magic Quadrant |publisher=Cognizant.com |access-date=2012-03-25 |archive-date=2008-09-20 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080920182857/http://www.cognizant.com/html/content/news/GartnerMQ_Cognizant.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref> When North Americans leave work, Asians are just arriving to work. When Asians are leaving work, Europeans arrive to work. This provides a continuous ability to have human oversight on business-critical processes 24 hours per day, without paying overtime compensation or disrupting a key human resource, sleep patterns.

While global outsourcing has several advantages, global – and generally distributed – development can run into serious difficulties resulting from the distance between developers. This is due to the key elements of this type of distance that have been identified as geographical, temporal, cultural and communication (that includes the use of different languages and dialects of English in different locations).<ref>{{cite journal |last=Casey |first=Valentine |title=Virtual software team project management|journal=Journal of the Brazilian Computer Society |volume=16 |issue=2 |pages=83–96 |date=2010-08-20 |doi=10.1007/s13173-010-0013-3 |s2cid=14383734 |url=http://eprints.dkit.ie/116/1/VCaseyRevisedVersion.doc |doi-access=free }}</ref> Research has been carried out in the area of global software development over the last 15 years and an extensive body of relevant work published that highlights the benefits and problems associated with the complex activity. As with other aspects of software engineering research is ongoing in this and related areas.