Editing Sleep disorder (section)

=== Insomnia ===
[[Insomnia]] is a prevalent form of sleep deprivation. Individuals with insomnia may have problems falling asleep, staying asleep, or a combination of both resulting in hyposomnia - i.e. insufficient quantity and poor quality of sleep.<ref name="Zeitlhofer et al. 1993">{{cite journal | vauthors = Zeitlhofer J, Tribl G, Saletu B | title = [Sleep disorders in neurology: hyposomnia] | journal = Wiener Klinische Wochenschrift | volume = 105 | issue = 2 | pages = 37–41 | year = 1993 | pmid = 8442353 }}</ref>

Combining results from 17 studies on insomnia in China, a pooled prevalence of 15.0% is reported for the country.<ref name=":5">{{cite journal | vauthors = Cao XL, Wang SB, Zhong BL, Zhang L, Ungvari GS, Ng CH, Li L, Chiu HF, Lok GK, Lu JP, Jia FJ, Xiang YT | display-authors = 6 | title = The prevalence of insomnia in the general population in China: A meta-analysis | journal = PLOS ONE | volume = 12 | issue = 2 | pages = e0170772 | date = 2017-02-24 | pmid = 28234940 | pmc = 5325204 | doi = 10.1371/journal.pone.0170772 | doi-access = free | bibcode = 2017PLoSO..1270772C }}</ref>  This result is consistent among other [[East Asia]]n countries; however, this is considerably lower than a series of [[Western world|Western countries]] (50.5% in Poland, 37.2% in France and Italy, 27.1% in USA).<ref name=":5" /> Men and women residing in China experience insomnia at similar rates.<ref name=":5" />

A separate meta-analysis focusing on this sleeping disorder in the elderly mentions that those with more than one physical or psychiatric malady experience it at a 60% higher rate than those with one condition or less. It also notes a higher prevalence of insomnia in women over the age of 50 than their male counterparts.<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Rodriguez JC, Dzierzewski JM, Alessi CA | title = Sleep problems in the elderly | journal = The Medical Clinics of North America | volume = 99 | issue = 2 | pages = 431–439 | date = March 2015 | pmid = 25700593 | pmc = 4406253 | doi = 10.1016/j.mcna.2014.11.013 }}</ref>

A study that was resulted from a collaboration between [[Massachusetts General Hospital]] and [[Merck & Co.|Merck]] describes the development of an [[algorithm]] to identify patients with sleep disorders using electronic medical records. The algorithm that incorporated a combination of structured and unstructured variables identified more than 36,000 individuals with physician-documented insomnia.<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Kartoun U, Aggarwal R, Beam AL, Pai JK, Chatterjee AK, Fitzgerald TP, Kohane IS, Shaw SY | display-authors = 6 | title = Development of an Algorithm to Identify Patients with Physician-Documented Insomnia | journal = Scientific Reports | volume = 8 | issue = 1 | pages = 7862 | date = May 2018 | pmid = 29777125 | pmc = 5959894 | doi = 10.1038/s41598-018-25312-z | bibcode = 2018NatSR...8.7862K }}</ref>

Insomnia can start off at the basic level but about 40% of people who struggle with insomnia have worse symptoms.<ref name="Pavlova 292–299">{{cite journal | vauthors = K Pavlova M, Latreille V | title = Sleep Disorders | language = English | journal = The American Journal of Medicine | volume = 132 | issue = 3 | pages = 292–299 | date = March 2019 | pmid = 30292731 | doi = 10.1016/j.amjmed.2018.09.021 | s2cid = 52935007 }}</ref> There are treatments that can help with insomnia and that includes medication, planning out a sleep schedule, limiting oneself from caffeine intake, and cognitive behavioral therapy.<ref name="Pavlova 292–299" />