Editing SIDS (section)

==Epidemiology==
[[File:The art of nursing- or Fleuron T080702-1.png|thumb|Arcutio, a device designed to prevent infant death by suffocation, ''Philosophical Transactions'' 422 (1732)]]
Globally, SIDS resulted in about 22,000 deaths {{as of|2010|lc=y}}, down from 30,000 deaths in 1990.<ref name=Loz2012>{{cite journal | vauthors = Lozano R, Naghavi M, Foreman K, Lim S, Shibuya K, Aboyans V, etal | title = Global and regional mortality from 235 causes of death for 20 age groups in 1990 and 2010: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2010 | journal = Lancet | volume = 380 | issue = 9859 | pages = 2095–2128 | date = December 2012 | pmid = 23245604 | pmc = 10790329 | doi = 10.1016/S0140-6736(12)61728-0 | url = https://zenodo.org/record/2557786 | access-date = 18 September 2020 | url-status = live | hdl-access = free | s2cid = 1541253 | archive-date = 19 May 2020 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20200519152712/https://zenodo.org/record/2557786 | hdl = 10536/DRO/DU:30050819 }}</ref> Rates vary significantly by population from 0.05 per 1000 in Hong Kong to 6.7 per 1000 in Native Americans.<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Sharma BR | title = Sudden infant death syndrome: a subject of medicolegal research | journal = The American Journal of Forensic Medicine and Pathology | volume = 28 | issue = 1 | pages = 69–72 | date = March 2007 | pmid = 17325469 | doi = 10.1097/01.paf.0000220934.18700.ef | url = http://adc.bmj.com/cgi/content/short/46/248/579-a | access-date = 14 February 2019 | url-status = live | s2cid = 37925269 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20210829073529/https://adc.bmj.com/content/46/248/579.2 | archive-date = 29 August 2021 }}</ref>

SIDS was responsible for 0.54 deaths per 1,000 live births in the US in 2005.<ref name=wonder>{{cite web |url=http://wonder.cdc.gov |title=Cdc Wonder |publisher=Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) |date=2010-02-24 |access-date=2010-04-17 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100424201355/http://wonder.cdc.gov/ |archive-date=2010-04-24 }}</ref> It is responsible for far fewer deaths than [[congenital disorder]]s and [[premature birth|disorders related to short gestation]], though it is the leading cause of death in healthy infants after one month of age.

SIDS deaths in the US decreased from 4,895 in 1992 to 2,247 in 2004, a 54% decrease.<ref name=Bowman07>{{cite web | vauthors = Bowman L, Hargrove T |title=Saving babies: Exposing Sudden Infant Death In America |work=DailyCamera.com |url=http://dailycamera.com/news/2007/oct/08/saving-babies-exposing-sudden-infant-death-in/ |access-date=2008-09-30 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090226153439/http://www.dailycamera.com/news/2007/oct/08/saving-babies-exposing-sudden-infant-death-in/ |archive-date=2009-02-26 }}</ref> During a similar time period, 1989 to 2004, SIDS as the cause of death for sudden infant death (SID) decreased from 80% to 55%, a 31% decrease.<ref name=Bowman07/> According to John Kattwinkel, chairman of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) Special Task Force on SIDS "A lot of us are concerned that the rate (of SIDS) isn't decreasing significantly, but that a lot of it is just [[diagnosis code|code]] shifting".<ref name=Bowman07/>

===Race===

[[File:US SIDS rates race 2009.png|thumb|upright=1.4|Rates of SIDS by race/ethnicity in the U.S., 2009, CDC, 2013]]

In 2013, there were persistent disparities in SIDS deaths among racial and ethnic groups in the U.S. In 2009, the rates of death ranged from 20.3 per 100,000 live births for Asians and Pacific Islanders to 119.2 per 100,000 live births for Native Americans and Alaska Natives. African American infants have a 24% greater risk (100.7 per 100,000 live births) of having a SIDS-related death, compared to the U.S. population as a whole,<ref>{{cite journal| vauthors = Powers DA, Song S |title=Absolute change in cause-specific infant mortality for blacks and whites in the US: 1983–2002|journal=Tion Research and Policy Review|date=2009|volume=28|issue=6|pages=817–851|doi=10.1007/s11113-009-9130-0|s2cid=72279012}}</ref> and experience a 2.5{{Vague|reason=It is unclear if the given quantity represents a fold increase or a percent increase|date=October 2024}} greater incidence of SIDS than white infants.<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Pollack HA, Frohna JG | title = A competing risk model of sudden infant death syndrome incidence in two US birth cohorts | journal = The Journal of Pediatrics | volume = 138 | issue = 5 | pages = 661–667 | date = May 2001 | pmid = 11343040 | doi = 10.1067/mpd.2001.112248 }}</ref> Rates are calculated per 100,000 live births to enable more accurate comparison across groups of different total population sizes.

Research suggests that factors that contribute more directly to SIDS risk—maternal age, exposure to smoking, safe sleep practices, etc.—vary by racial and ethnic group, and therefore risk exposure also varies by these groups.<ref name=Kin2009/> Risk factors associated with prone sleeping patterns of African American families include the mother's age, household poverty index, rural/urban status of residence, and infant's age. More than 50% of African American infants were placed in non-recommended sleeping positions, according to a 2012  study completed in South Carolina,<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Smith MG, Liu JH, Helms KH, Wilkerson KL | title = Racial differences in trends and predictors of infant sleep positioning in South Carolina, 1996-2007 | journal = Maternal and Child Health Journal | volume = 16 | issue = 1 | pages = 72–82 | date = January 2012 | pmid = 21165764 | doi = 10.1007/s10995-010-0718-0 | s2cid = 2668964 }}</ref> indicating that cultural factors can be protective as well as problematic.<ref>{{cite book| vauthors = Brathwaite-Fisher T, Bronheim A |title=Cultural Competence and Sudden Infant Death Syndrome and Other Infant Death: A Review of the Literature from 1990–2000|publisher=National Center for Cultural Competence, Georgetown University Center for Child and Human Development |year=2001 |url=http://gucchd.georgetown.edu/products/SIDS_LiteratureReview.doc |format=DOC|access-date=2013-09-29 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100612094521/http://gucchd.georgetown.edu/products/SIDS_LiteratureReview.doc |archive-date=2010-06-12 |df=ymd-all}}</ref>

The rate of SIDS per 1000 births varies among ethnic groups in the United States:<ref name=Moon2007/><ref>{{cite web| vauthors = Burnett LB |title=Sudden Infant Death Syndrome|url=http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/804412-overview#a6|website=Medscape|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160801153511/http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/804412-overview#a6|archive-date=2016-08-01|date=20 October 2019}}</ref>
*Central Americans and South Americans: 0.20
*Asian/Pacific Islanders: 0.28
*Mexicans: 0.24
*Puerto Ricans: 0.53
*Whites: 0.51
*African Americans: 1.08
*Native American: 1.24