Editing Republicanism (section)

===France===
[[File:Charles de Gaulle-1963.jpg|thumb|[[Charles de Gaulle]]]]
Discredited after the [[Second World War]], French radicals split into a left-wing party&nbsp;– the [[Radical Party of the Left]], an associate of the [[Socialist Party (France)|Socialist Party]] – and the [[Radical Party (France)|Radical Party "valoisien"]], an associate party of the conservative [[Union for a Popular Movement]] (UMP) and its [[Gaullist Party|Gaullist]] predecessors. Italian radicals also maintained close links with republicanism, as well as with [[socialism]], with the ''[[Radical Party (Italy)|Partito radicale]]'' founded in 1955, which became the [[Transnational Radical Party]] in 1989.

Increasingly, after the fall of communism in 1989 and the collapse of the Marxist interpretation of the French Revolution, France increasingly turned to republicanism to define its national identity.<ref>Sudhir Hazareesingh, "Conflicts Of Memory: Republicanism and the Commemoration of the Past in Modern France", ''French History'' (2009) 23#2 pp. 193–215</ref> [[Charles de Gaulle]], presenting himself as the military savior of France in the 1940s, and the political savior in the 1950s, refashioned the meaning of republicanism. Both left and right enshrined him in the Republican pantheon.<ref>Sudhir Hazareesingh, ''In the Shadow of the General: Modern France and the Myth of De Gaulle'' (2012) [http://www.h-net.org/reviews/showpdf.php?id=36448 online review]</ref>