Editing Punjab (section)

=== Punjab (British India) ===
{{See also|Punjab Province (British India)}}
In British India, until the [[Partition of India]] in 1947, the [[Punjab Province (British India)|Punjab Province]] was geographically a triangular tract of country of which the [[Indus River]] and its tributary the [[Sutlej]] formed the two sides up to their confluence, the base of the triangle in the north being the [[Lower Himalayan Range]] between those two rivers. Moreover, the province as constituted under British rule also included a large tract outside these boundaries. Along the northern border, Himalayan ranges divided it from [[Kashmir]] and [[Tibet]]. On the west it was separated from the [[North-West Frontier Province (1901–1955)|North-West Frontier Province]] by the Indus, until it reached the border of [[Dera Ghazi Khan District]], which was divided from [[Balochistan (Pakistan)|Baluchistan]] by the [[Sulaiman Range]]. To the south lay [[Sindh]] and [[Rajputana]], while on the east the rivers [[Jumna River|Jumna]] and [[Tons River|Tons]] separated it from the [[United Provinces of Agra and Oudh|United Provinces]].<ref name="Chisholm 1911, p. 653">{{cite EB1911|Volume 22|wstitle=Punjab|page=653}}</ref> In total Punjab had an area of approximately 357 000&nbsp;km square about the same size as modern day Germany, being one of the largest provinces of the British Raj.
[[File:Punjab 1909.jpg|thumb|upright=1.2|Map of the Punjab Province (British India)]]

It encompassed the present day [[States and union territories of India|Indian states]] of [[Punjab, India|Punjab]], Haryana, [[Chandigarh]], Delhi, and some parts of [[Himachal Pradesh]] which were merged with Punjab by the British for administrative purposes (but excluding the former [[princely state]]s which were later combined into the [[Patiala and East Punjab States Union]]) and the Pakistani regions of the [[Punjab, Pakistan|Punjab]], [[Islamabad Capital Territory]] and [[Khyber Pakhtunkhwa]].

In 1901 the frontier districts beyond the Indus were separated from Punjab and made into a new province: the [[North-West Frontier Province (1901–1955)|North-West Frontier Province]]. Subsequently, Punjab was divided into four natural geographical divisions by colonial officials on the decadal census data:<ref name="punjab1911">{{cite web |title=Census of India 1911. Vol. 14, Punjab. Pt. 1, Report. |url=https://www.jstor.org/site/SAOA/SouthAsiaOpenArchivesSAOA/CensusReports-1911-26575903/ |access-date=21 July 2022 |archive-date=7 October 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221007223437/https://www.jstor.org/site/SAOA/SouthAsiaOpenArchivesSAOA/CensusReports-1911-26575903/ |url-status=live }}</ref>{{rp|2}}<ref name="punjab1941">{{cite web|url=https://www.jstor.org/site/south-asia-open-archives/saoa/censusofindia1941-28216851/|title=CENSUS OF INDIA, 1941 VOLUME VI PUNJAB|access-date=19 August 2022|archive-date=11 October 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221011130147/https://www.jstor.org/site/south-asia-open-archives/saoa/censusofindia1941-28216851/|url-status=live}}</ref>{{rp|4}}

# '''''Indo-Gangetic Plain West geographical division''''' (including [[Hisar district]], [[Loharu State]], [[Rohtak district]], [[Dujana|Dujana State]], [[Gurgaon district]], [[Pataudi State]], Delhi, [[Karnal district]], [[Jalandhar district]], [[Kapurthala State]], [[Ludhiana district]], [[Malerkotla State]], [[Firozpur district]], [[Faridkot State]], [[Patiala State]], [[Jind State]], [[Nabha State]], [[Lahore District]], [[Amritsar district]], [[Gujranwala District]], and [[Sheikhupura district]]);
# '''''Himalayan geographical division''''' (including [[Sirmur State|Nahan State]], [[Simla District]], [[Simla Hill States]], [[Kangra district]], [[Mandi State]], [[Suket State]], and [[Chamba State]]);
# '''''Sub-Himalayan geographical division''''' (including [[Ambala district]], [[Kalsia State]], [[Hoshiarpur district]], [[Gurdaspur district]], [[Sialkot District]], [[Gujrat District]], [[Jhelum District]], [[Rawalpindi District]], and [[Attock District]];
# '''''North-West Dry Area geographical division''''' (including [[Montgomery District]], [[Shahpur District]], [[Mianwali District]], [[Lyallpur District]], [[Jhang District]], [[Multan District]], [[Bahawalpur State]], [[Muzaffargarh District]], and [[Dera Ghazi Khan District]]).