Editing Pope Pius X (section)

== Other activities ==
[[File:PiusXbenedict XV.jpg|thumb|right|Pius X consecrates Bishop Giacomo Paolo Giovanni Battista della Chiesa, the future [[Pope Benedict XV]], in the Vatican in 1907.]]
{{main|List of encyclicals of Pope Pius X}}
In addition to the political defense of the Church, liturgical reforms, anti-modernism, and the beginning of the codification of canon law, the papacy of Pius X saw the reorganisation of the [[Roman Curia]]. He also sought to update the education of priests, seminaries and their curricula were reformed. In 1904 Pope Pius X granted permission for diocesan seminarians to attend the College of St. Thomas. He raised the college to the status of ''Pontificium'' on 2 May 1906, thus making its degrees equivalent to those of the world's other pontifical universities.<ref>{{cite journal|title =Acta Sanctae Sedis|journal=Ephemerides Romanae|volume=39|year=1906|url= https://www.vatican.va/archive/ass/documents/ASS%2039%20%5B1906%5D%20-%20ocr.pdf|location=Rome|access-date=9 June 2011}}.</ref>{{sfn|Renz|2009|p=[https://books.google.com/books?id=t8qt63uOg6IC&pg=PA43 43]}} By [[Ecclesiastical letter#Letters of the popes in modern times|Apostolic Letter]] of 8 November 1908, signed by the Supreme Pontiff on 17 November, the college was transformed into the ''Collegium Pontificium Internationale Angelicum''. It would become the [[Pontifical University of Saint Thomas Aquinas]], ''Angelicum'' in 1963.

Pius X published 16 encyclicals; among them was ''[[Vehementer nos]]'' on 11 February 1906, which condemned the [[1905 French law on the separation of the State and the Church]]. Pius X also confirmed, though not infallibly,<ref>{{cite web|url= http://www.catholic.com/thisrock/2001/0101fr.asp|title= Out on a Limbo|publisher= Catholic|access-date= 23 June 2013|url-status= dead|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20110903231550/http://www.catholic.com/thisrock/2001/0101fr.asp|archive-date= 3 September 2011}}</ref> the existence of [[Limbo]] in Catholic theology in his 1905 [[Catechism#Catholic catechisms|Catechism]], saying that the unbaptized "do not have the joy of God but neither do they suffer... they do not deserve Paradise, but neither do they deserve Hell or [[Purgatory]]."<ref>{{cite book|author=Pius X|title=Catechismo della dottrina cristiana|url=https://www.sursumcorda.cloud/images/Catechismo-dottrina-Cristiana/Catechismo-Dottrina-Cristiana.pdf|page=30 (Question 100)|language=IT}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.religioustolerance.org/limbo2.htm|title=Catholic statements about the fate of unbaptized newborns, infants, etc., before the 20th Century|publisher=Religious tolerance|access-date=8 August 2019|archive-date=28 May 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130528132306/http://www.religioustolerance.org/limbo2.htm|url-status=dead}}</ref> On 23 November 1903, Pius X issued a papal directive, a ''[[motu proprio]]'', that banned women from singing in church [[Choir (architecture)|choirs]] (i.e. the architectural choir).

In the [[Prophecy of the Popes|Prophecy of St. Malachy]], the collection of 112 prophecies about the popes, Pius X appears as ''Ignis Ardens'' or "Ardent Fire".