Editing Pittsburgh (section)

==Arts and culture==
{{Main|Culture of Pittsburgh}}

===Entertainment===
[[File:Phipps Conservatory East Room, 2015-10-24, 01.jpg|thumb|East Room of the [[Phipps Conservatory and Botanical Gardens]]]]

Pittsburgh boasts a rich arts and culture scene, with a history dating back to 19th-century industrialists who commissioned and donated public works including [[Heinz Hall for the Performing Arts]] and the [[Benedum Center]], home to the [[Pittsburgh Symphony Orchestra]] and [[Pittsburgh Opera]]. Other prominent groups include the [[River City Brass Band]] and [[Pittsburgh Youth Symphony Orchestra]]. The city also hosts a variety of smaller arts organizations, such as [[Pittsburgh Irish and Classical Theatre]], [[Quantum Theatre]], the [[Renaissance and Baroque Society of Pittsburgh]], and [[Chatham Baroque]], an early music ensemble. University choirs include the [[Pitt Men's Glee Club]] and [[Heinz Chapel Choir]].

The [[Pittsburgh Ballet Theatre]] and [[Pittsburgh Dance Council]] offer diverse dance events, while polka, folk, square, and round dancing are celebrated by the [[Duquesne University Tamburitzans]], a multicultural academy dedicated to folk traditions. Pittsburgh is also a popular filming location, with major productions like ''[[The Dark Knight Rises]]'' filmed in Downtown, Oakland, and the North Shore. The city is also recognized as the birthplace of the modern zombie film genre after [[George A. Romero]]'s 1968 film ''[[Night of the Living Dead]]''.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.visitpittsburgh.com/blog/pittsburgh-the-home-of-zombies/|title=Pittsburgh: The Home of Zombies|date=October 6, 2022 |publisher=Visit Pittsburgh|access-date=March 1, 2023}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://positivelypittsburgh.com/pittsburgh-zombies/|title=Pittsburgh Zombies|date=February 11, 2015 |publisher=Positively Pittsburgh|access-date=March 1, 2023}}</ref>

[[File:AndyWarholMuseumInterviewDisplay.jpg|thumb|[[The Andy Warhol Museum]] is one of the four [[Carnegie Museums of Pittsburgh]].]]

Major art museums include the [[Andy Warhol Museum]], the [[Carnegie Museum of Art]], [[The Frick Pittsburgh]], [[Pittsburgh Center for the Arts]], the [[Mattress Factory]], and the [[Carnegie Museum of Natural History]], which holds extensive dinosaur, mineral, and Egyptian collections. The [[Kamin Science Center]] and associated [[Highmark SportsWorks|SportsWorks]] offer interactive technology and science exhibits. The [[Heinz History Center]], a [[Smithsonian Affiliations|Smithsonian affiliate]], provides regional history in the Strip District, while the [[Fort Pitt Museum]] is located in Point State Park. The [[Soldiers and Sailors Memorial Hall and Museum]] houses military exhibits, and the [[Children's Museum of Pittsburgh]] features interactive exhibits for kids. The eclectic [[Bayernhof Music Museum]] is located six miles (9{{nbsp}}km) from downtown, while [[The Clemente Museum]] is in Lawrenceville. The [[Cathedral of Learning]]'s [[Nationality Rooms]]  showcase pre-19th-century learning environments, and architectural tours are available in many neighborhoods. Downtown's cultural district hosts quarterly Gallery Crawls and the annual [[Three Rivers Arts Festival]]. Pittsburgh also has art galleries such as the [[Miller Gallery at Carnegie Mellon University]], [[Frick Fine Arts Building#University Arts Gallery|University Art Gallery]] of the University of Pittsburgh, the [[American Jewish Museum]], and the [[Wood Street Galleries]].

Pittsburgh is home to the [[Pittsburgh Zoo & Aquarium]], [[Phipps Conservatory and Botanical Gardens]], and the [[National Aviary]], all over a century old. [[Kennywood]], a classic amusement park, is located in West Mifflin, and the [[Rivers Casino (Pittsburgh)|Rivers Casino]] is on the [[North Shore (Pittsburgh)|North Shore]] along the [[Ohio River]], just west of Kamin Science Center and [[Acrisure Stadium]].

Pittsburgh hosts [[Anthrocon]], the world's largest furry convention, which has been held annually at the [[David L. Lawrence Convention Center]] since 2006. In 2024, the event attracted over 17,000 visitors and has generated a cumulative economic impact of $53 million over 11 years.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.post-gazette.com/business/businessnews/2013/07/04/Furries-leave-visible-prints-Downtown-and-in-Pittsburgh-s-coffers/stories/201307040173 |work=Pittsburgh Post-Gazette |title='Furries' leave visible prints Downtown and in Pittsburgh's coffers – Pittsburgh Post-Gazette}}</ref> Additionally, the reality show [[Dance Moms]] is filmed at Pittsburgh's Abby Lee Dance Company.

===Music===
Pittsburgh has a long tradition of [[jazz]], [[blues]], and [[bluegrass music]]. The [[National Negro Opera Company]] was founded in the city as the first all-African American opera company in the U.S., helping launch the careers of African-American opera stars like [[Leontyne Price]]. Pittsburgh also shaped 20th-century music with influential figures like [[Billy Strayhorn]], who grew up in the city, and pianist-composer [[Mary Lou Williams]], who honored her hometown with a 1966 album featuring [[Leon Thomas]].<ref>[https://www.newspapers.com/image/38546304/?clipping_id=142930856 "The Wax Works: Mary Lou Williams Pens Song About Pittsburgh"]. ''The Pittsburgh Courier''. October 22, 1966. p.&nbsp;13. Retrieved March 8, 2024.</ref><ref>[https://www.discogs.com/release/3047883-Mary-Lou-Williams-And-Group-Pittsburgh "Mary Lou Williams and Group – Pittsburgh: Tracklist; Credits"]. [[Discogs]].</ref>

Recent artists like [[Wiz Khalifa]] have continued Pittsburgh's musical legacy, with his hit ''[[Black and Yellow]]'' reaching number one on the [[Billboard Hot 100]] in 2011.<ref>[http://rapradar.com/2011/02/10/wiz-khalifa-black-yellow-hits-number-one/ Wiz Khalifa "Black & Yellow" Hits Number One]. Rap Radar (February 10, 2011). Retrieved on January 14, 2012.</ref> Other notable artists from the area include [[Perry Como]], [[Christina Aguilera]], and the band [[Rusted Root]], which was formed in Pittsburgh. Rusted Root's Liz Berlin owns Mr. Smalls, a popular venue for national touring acts.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.pghartplaces.org/accounts/view/MrSmalls |title=Mr. Smalls|access-date=November 13, 2019|archive-date=August 6, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200806073139/http://www.pghartplaces.org/accounts/view/MrSmalls|url-status=dead}}</ref> Hip hop artist [[Mac Miller]], also from Pittsburgh, named his debut album ''[[Blue Slide Park]]'' after the local [[Frick Park]].

Pittsburgh has emerged as a leading city in the United States' [[heavy metal music]] scene.<ref name="MetalSucks-2016">{{cite web |date=June 16, 2016 |title=Here's An Infographic of the Most Metal Cities in America |url=https://www.metalsucks.net/2016/06/16/heres-infographic-metal-cities-america/|access-date=September 29, 2021 |website=MetalSucks |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last=Locklin |first=Kristy |date=July 9, 2019 |title=Black Forge Coffee House opening McKees Rocks location next week |url=https://nextpittsburgh.com/eatdrink/black-forge-coffee-house-opening-mckees-rocks-location-next-week/|access-date=September 29, 2021 |website=NEXTpittsburgh |language=en-US}}</ref> Many [[punk rock]] and [[Hardcore punk]] acts, such as [[Aus Rotten]] and [[Anti-Flag]], originated in Pittsburgh. Pittsburgh has also seen many metal bands gain prominence in recent years,{{when|date=March 2019}} most notably [[Code Orange (band)|Code Orange]], who were nominated for a Grammy. The city was also home to the highly influential [[math rock]] band [[Don Caballero]].

Pittsburgh also had an influential [[electronic music]] [[subculture]] in the 1990s, with origins similar to internet [[chat room|chatroom]]-based movements across the United States.<ref name="matos">{{cite web |last1=Matos |first1=Michaelangelo |title=How The Internet Transformed The American Rave Scene |url=https://www.npr.org/sections/therecord/2011/07/17/137680680/how-the-internet-transformed-the-american-rave-scene |website=The Record |publisher=NPR |access-date=March 10, 2021 |date=July 11, 2011}}</ref><ref name="kelly">{{cite web |last1=Kelly |first1=Justin |title=Hot Mass: Rebuilding Pittsburgh's Dance Music Culture |url=https://www.attackmagazine.com/features/long-read/hot-mass-rebuilding-pittsburghs-dance-music-culture/ |work=Attack Magazine |access-date=March 10, 2021 |date=2018}}</ref><ref name="pro">{{cite news |last1=Pro |first1=Johnna A. |title=Police out to crash drug-laced 'rave' parties |url=https://old.post-gazette.com/regionstate/20000926ecstasy3.asp |access-date=March 10, 2021 |work=Pittsburgh Post-Gazette |date=September 26, 2000 |archive-date=May 9, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210509122342/https://old.post-gazette.com/regionstate/20000926ecstasy3.asp |url-status=dead }}</ref> Pittsburgh [[promoter (entertainment)|promoters]] and [[disk jockey|DJs]] organized [[rave]]s in warehouses, [[ice rink]]s, barns, and fields which eventually attracted thousands of attendees.<ref name="kelly"/><ref name="barnes">{{cite news |last1=Barnes |first1=Tom |title=S. Siders raving over rink's late parties: Sleep-starved residents giving Ricciardi an earful |url=https://old.post-gazette.com/neigh_city/20010109ravecity3.asp |access-date=March 10, 2021 |work=Pittsburgh Post-Gazette |date=January 9, 2001 |archive-date=May 9, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210509081950/https://old.post-gazette.com/neigh_city/20010109ravecity3.asp |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref name="silver-barnes">{{cite news |last1=Silver |first1=Jonathan D. |last2=Barnes |first2=Tom |title=Word of rave performance resulted in added police |url=https://old.post-gazette.com/regionstate/20010103ravereg5.asp |access-date=March 10, 2021 |work=Pittsburgh Post-Gazette |date=January 3, 2001 |archive-date=May 9, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210509062324/https://old.post-gazette.com/regionstate/20010103ravereg5.asp |url-status=dead }}</ref> DJs [[Adam Beyer]] and [[Richie Hawtin]] played at local raves.<ref name="kelly"/> One notable figure, drum and bass DJ [[Dieselboy]], emerged from this scene.<ref name="matos"/><ref name="carter">{{cite news |last1=Carter |first1=Kelly |title=Nonprogressive portrayals - Letters to the editor |url=http://old.post-gazette.com/forum/20001003edlets6.asp |access-date=March 10, 2021 |work=Pittsburgh Post-Gazette |date=October 3, 2000 |archive-date=May 9, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210509081951/http://old.post-gazette.com/forum/20001003edlets6.asp |url-status=dead }}</ref> Since 2012, the [[Hot Mass]] after-hours electronic music [[dance party]] has been a key part of Pittsburgh's electronic music scene, noted for its European nightclub vibe.<ref name="eb">{{cite web |title=How America's Standout Party Hot Mass Is Changing Pittsburgh |url=https://www.electronicbeats.net/hot-mass-pittsburgh/ |publisher=Electronic Beats |access-date=March 10, 2021 |date=February 3, 2016}}</ref><ref name="stolman">{{cite news |last1=Stolman |first1=Elissa |title=The Secret Techno Sex Parties of Pittsburgh |url=https://www.vice.com/en/article/secret-techno-sex-parties-of-pittsburgh/ |access-date=March 10, 2021 |work=Thump |publisher=Vice Media |date=April 16, 2014}}</ref> Electronic artist [[Yaeji]] has credited Hot Mass as a formative influence during her time at Carnegie Mellon University.<ref name="kim">{{cite news |last1=Kim |first1=Michelle |title=How Yaeji Found Her Voice |url=https://mixmag.asia/feature/how-yaeji-found-her-voice |access-date=March 10, 2021 |work=[[Mixmag]] Asia |date=October 14, 2020}}</ref><ref name="posner">{{cite news |last1=Posner |first1=Nina |title=Yaeji: All Together Now |url=https://crackmagazine.net/article/profiles/yaeji-together-now/ |access-date=March 10, 2021 |work=[[Crack Magazine]] |date=October 1, 2020}}</ref>

[[Hellbender Vinyl]], a vinyl record manufacturing company, is located in Pittsburgh.<ref>{{Cite web |last=King |first=Ashley |date=2025-02-20 |title=Pittsburgh Has A New Vinyl Pressing Plant—Hellbender Vinyl |url=https://www.digitalmusicnews.com/2025/02/19/vinyl-pressing-plant-pittsburgh/ |access-date=2025-05-10 |website=Digital Music News |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Bailey |first=Pony |title=Lawrenceville’s Hellbender Vinyl is filling a music-industry need while building community |url=https://www.pghcitypaper.com/arts-entertainment/lawrencevilles-hellbender-vinyl-is-filling-a-music-industry-need-while-building-community-27797571 |access-date=2025-05-10 |website=Pittsburgh City Paper |language=en}}</ref>

===Theatre===
{{Main|Theatre in Pittsburgh}}
[[File:Pittsburgh benedumcenter.jpg|thumb|[[Benedum Center]]]]
The city's first play was produced at the [[Market Square, Pittsburgh|old courthouse]] in 1803<ref name="chronology"/> and the first theater built in 1812.<ref name="chronology"/> Collegiate companies include the University of Pittsburgh's [[University of Pittsburgh Repertory Theatre|Repertory Theatre]] and [[Kuntu Repertory Theatre]], Point Park University's resident companies at its [[Pittsburgh Playhouse]], and Carnegie Mellon University's School of Drama productions and [[Scotch'n'Soda]] organization. The Duquesne University Red Masquers, founded in 1912, are the oldest, continuously producing theater company in Pennsylvania.{{citation needed|date=October 2015}} The city's longest-running theater show, [[Friday Nite Improvs]], is an improv jam that has been performed in the [[Cathedral of Learning]] and other locations for 20 years. The [[Pittsburgh New Works Festival]] utilizes local theater companies to stage productions of original one-act plays by playwrights from all parts of the country. Similarly, [[Future Ten]] showcases new ten-minute plays. [[Saint Vincent Summer Theatre]], [[Off the Wall Productions]], [[Mountain Playhouse]], The Theatre Factory, and [[Stage Right!]] in nearby [[Latrobe, Pennsylvania|Latrobe]], [[Carnegie, Pennsylvania|Carnegie]], [[Jennerstown, Pennsylvania|Jennerstown]], [[Trafford, Pennsylvania|Trafford]], and [[Greensburg, Pennsylvania|Greensburg]], respectively, employ Pittsburgh actors and contribute to the culture of the region.

Pittsburgh is well known for being home to the late playwright August Wilson.<ref name="augustwilsonhouse.org">{{Cite web |title=August Wilson House |url=https://augustwilsonhouse.org/ |access-date=December 16, 2023 |website=augustwilsonhouse.org}}</ref> The August Wilson House now remains in Pittsburgh to celebrate the life and work of August Wilson, continue to produce his plays, and serve as an arts center for the Hill District, where Wilson was from.<ref name="augustwilsonhouse.org" />

===Literature===
{{See also|List of fiction set in Pittsburgh|List of films shot in Pittsburgh|List of television shows shot in Pittsburgh}}
[[File:PittsburghCarnegieLibrarymainbranch.jpg|thumb|[[Carnegie Library of Pittsburgh]] Main Branch in Oakland]]

Pittsburgh is the birthplace of notable writers such as [[Gertrude Stein]] and [[Rachel Carson]], a [[Chatham University]] graduate from the suburb of [[Springdale, Pennsylvania]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.pabook.libraries.psu.edu/palitmap/bios/Carson__Rachel_Louise.html |title=Rachel Louise Carson |work=Pennsylvania Center for the Book |access-date=January 14, 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100611135106/http://www.pabook.libraries.psu.edu/palitmap/bios/Carson__Rachel_Louise.html|archive-date=June 11, 2010 |date=Fall 2003}}</ref> Modern writers include [[Pulitzer Prize]]-winning playwright [[August Wilson]], as well as [[Michael Chabon]], who writes about student and college life in Pittsburgh.<ref>{{Cite web |title=August Wilson {{!}} Biography, Plays, Movies, Ma Rainey, & Facts |url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/August-Wilson |access-date=January 17, 2023 |website=Britannica |language=en}}</ref> Two-time Pulitzer winner and recipient of the [[Presidential Medal of Freedom]], [[David McCullough]], was born and raised in Pittsburgh.<ref>{{cite news |first=Jerome L. |last=Sherman |title=Presidential biographer gets presidential medal |url=https://www.post-gazette.com/ae/books/2006/12/16/Presidential-biographer-gets-presidential-medal/stories/200612160100 |website=[[Pittsburgh Post-Gazette]] |date=December 16, 2006 |access-date=December 4, 2021}}</ref> Pulitzer Prize-winning author [[Annie Dillard]], whose memoir ''An American Childhood'' takes place in post-World War II Pittsburgh, also hails from the city.

Award-winning author [[John Edgar Wideman]], who grew up in Pittsburgh, has based several books in the city, including ''Brothers and Keepers''. Poet [[Terrance Hayes]], winner of the 2010 National Book Award and a 2014 MacArthur Foundation Fellow, earned his MFA at the University of Pittsburgh and was a faculty member there. Other local poets include [[Michael Simms (publisher)|Michael Simms]], founder of [[Autumn House Press]], and [[Samuel John Hazo]], Pennsylvania's first poet laureate. Contemporary writers like [[Kathleen Tessaro]], author of novels such as ''Elegance'', ''The Perfume Collector'', and ''Rare Objects'', and new authors including [[Chris Kuzneski]] and Brian Celio, who captures Pittsburgh's "Yinzer" dialect, contribute to the city's vibrant literary tradition. Pittsburgh's unique literary style extends to playwrights,<ref>{{cite news |url=https://old.post-gazette.com/magazine/19981011playw2.asp |title=The write stuff |publisher=[[Pittsburgh Post-Gazette]] |date=October 11, 1998 |access-date=December 4, 2021 |first=John |last=Hayes |archive-date=January 18, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220118153645/https://old.post-gazette.com/magazine/19981011playw2.asp |url-status=dead }}</ref> as well as local graffiti and hip hop artists.

Pittsburgh's position as the birthplace for community-owned television and networked commercial television helped spawn the modern children's show genres exemplified by ''[[Mister Rogers' Neighborhood]]'', ''[[Where in the World Is Carmen Sandiego? (TV series)|Where in the World is Carmen Sandiego?]]'', ''[[Happy's Party]]'', ''[[Cappelli & Company]]'', and ''[[The Children's Corner]]'', all nationally broadcast.

The ''[[Pittsburgh Dad]]'' series has showcased the [[Pittsburghese]] genre to a global YouTube audience since 2011.

The modern fantasy, macabre and science fiction genre was popularized by director [[George A. Romero]], television's [[Bill Cardille]] and his ''[[Chiller Theatre (Pittsburgh)|Chiller Theatre]]'',<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.chillertheatermemories.com |title=Welcome to Chiller Theater Memories! |publisher=Chillertheatermemories.com |access-date=January 5, 2009}}</ref> director and writer [[Rusty Cundieff]] and makeup effects guru [[Tom Savini]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.savini.com |title=SAVINI.COM: The Official Tom Savini Home page |publisher=Savini.com |access-date=January 5, 2009}}</ref> The genre continues today with the PARSEC science fiction organization,<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.parsec-sff.org/links.html |title=PARSEC: Pittsburgh's Premiere Science Fiction Organization |publisher=Parsec-sff.org |date=November 5, 2006 |access-date=January 5, 2009 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080512090859/http://parsec-sff.org/links.html |archive-date=May 12, 2008}}</ref> The It's Alive Show, the annual "Zombie Fest",<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.revenantmagazine.com/MarkMenoldinterview.htm|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080512030939/http://www.revenantmagazine.com/MarkMenoldinterview.htm|archive-date=May 12, 2008 |title=Revenant: The Premiere Zombie Magazine – Features |work=Revenantmagazine.com |access-date=January 5, 2009}}</ref> and several writer's workshops including Write or Die,<ref>{{cite web |url=http://word.pghfree.net/ |title=Write or Die: A Science Fiction & Fantasy Writing Group |website=Word.pghfree.net |date=January 1, 2010 |access-date=May 24, 2016}}</ref> Pittsburgh SouthWrites,<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.interzone.com/~jafriedl/SW/sowrites.htm |title=Pittsburgh South Writes Homepage |publisher=Interzone.com |access-date=January 5, 2009 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20071025142835/http://www.interzone.com/~jafriedl/SW/sowrites.htm |archive-date = October 25, 2007}}</ref> and Pittsburgh Worldwrights<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.cs.cmu.edu/~mslee/pw.html/ |title=Pittsburgh Worldwrights |publisher=Cs.cmu.edu |date=May 27, 2005 |access-date=January 5, 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/19990420000917/https://www.cs.cmu.edu/~mslee/pw.html|archive-date=April 20, 1999}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |author=Rodger Turner, Webmaster |url=http://www.sfsite.com/02b/msl122.htm |title=The SF Site: A Conversation With Mary Soon Lee |publisher=Sfsite.com |access-date=January 5, 2009}}</ref> with [[Barton Paul Levenson]], [[Kenneth Chiacchia]] and [[Elizabeth Humphreys Penrose]].

===Food===
[[File:Primanti Bros at PNC Park.jpg|thumb|A [[Primanti Bros.]] sandwich]]
Pittsburgh is known for several specialties including [[pierogies]], [[kielbasa]], [[chipped chopped ham]] sandwiches, and [[Klondike bar]]s.<ref>{{cite encyclopedia |title=Pittsburgh |encyclopedia=The Oxford Encyclopedia of Food and Drink in America |year=2012 |publisher=Oxford University Press |isbn=978-0199734962 |edition=2nd}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |title=Insiders' Guide to Pittsburgh |isbn=978-0762747962 |page=4 |edition=4th |last1=Phillips |first1=Jenn |last2=Oberlin |first2=Loriann Hoff |last3=Pattak |first3=Evan M. |last4=Margittai |first4=Michele |date=May 2008|publisher=Globe Pequot Press }}</ref> Many restaurants were favorably mentioned, among them were Superior Motors in [[Braddock, Pennsylvania|Braddock]], Driftwood Oven in [[Lawrenceville (Pittsburgh)|Lawrenceville]], Spork in [[Bloomfield (Pittsburgh)|Bloomfield]], Fish nor Fowl in [[Garfield (Pittsburgh)|Garfield]], Bitter Ends Garden & Luncheonette in [[Bloomfield (Pittsburgh)|Bloomfield]], and Rolling Pepperoni in [[Lawrenceville (Pittsburgh)|Lawrenceville]].<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.post-gazette.com/local/neighborhood/2018/12/27/Neighborhood-Pittsburgh-top-food-city-2019/stories/201812270143 |title=Here's how Pittsburgh has earned the title of 2019 Food City of the Year |website=Pittsburgh Post-Gazette|access-date=February 24, 2019}}</ref>

Pittsburgh is home to the annual [[pickled cucumber|pickle]]-themed festival [[Picklesburgh]].<ref>{{cite web |author1=CBS Pittsburgh |title=Picklesburgh voted America's best specialty food festival |url=https://www.cbsnews.com/pittsburgh/news/picklesburgh-voted-best-specialty-food-festival-2023/ |website=CBS News |access-date=November 1, 2023 |date=March 31, 2023}}</ref>

===Local dialect===
{{Main|Western Pennsylvania English}}
The Pittsburgh English dialect, commonly called ''[[Pittsburgh English|Pittsburghese]]'', was influenced by [[Scots-Irish American|Scots-Irish]], German, and [[Eastern European]] immigrants and African Americans.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://pittsburghspeech.pitt.edu/PittsburghSpeech_History.html |title=History |website=pittsburghspeech.pitt.edu|access-date=October 19, 2018}}</ref> Locals who speak the dialect are sometimes referred to as "[[Yinzer]]s" (from the local word "yinz" [var. ''yunz''], a blended form of "you ones", similar to "y'all" and "you all" in the South). Common Pittsburghese terms are: "slippy" (slippery), "redd up" (clean up), "jagger bush" (thorn bush), and "gum bands" (rubber bands). The dialect is also notable for dropping the verb "to be". In Pittsburghese one would say "the car needs washed" instead of "needs to be washed", "needs washing", or "needs a wash." The dialect has some tonal similarities to other nearby regional dialects of Erie and Baltimore but is noted for its somewhat [[staccato]] rhythms. The staccato qualities of the dialect are thought to originate either from Welsh or other European languages. The many local peculiarities have prompted ''[[The New York Times]]'' to describe Pittsburgh as "the [[Galapagos Islands]] of American dialect".<ref>{{cite news |last=Sultan |first=Tim |date=March 17, 2006 |title=It's Not the Sights, It's the Sounds |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2006/03/17/travel/escapes/its-not-the-sights-its-the-sounds.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070109203001/http://travel2.nytimes.com/2006/03/17/travel/escapes/17accent.html?pagewanted=2 |archive-date=January 9, 2007 |work=The New York Times |access-date=August 14, 2007}}</ref> The lexicon itself contains notable loans from [[Polish language|Polish]] and other European languages; examples include ''[[headscarf|babushka]]'', ''[[pierogi]]'', and ''[[halušky]]''.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://pittsburghspeech.pitt.edu/PittsburghSpeech_SpeechOverview.html |title=Overview |work=Pittsburgh Speech and Society | access-date = August 14, 2007}}</ref>

===Livability===
[[File:FEC-Fall-rainbow-hillside-Jeremy-Marshall-914246-edited.jpg|thumb|The Frick Environmental Center at [[Frick Park]]]]
Pittsburgh has five city parks and several parks managed by the [[Nature Conservancy]]. The largest, [[Frick Park]], provides {{convert|664|acres|0}} of woodland park with extensive hiking and biking trails throughout steep valleys and wooded slopes. Birding enthusiasts visit the Clayton Hill area of Frick Park, where over 100 species of birds have been recorded.<ref>Visit Pittsburgh, [https://www.pittsburghparks.org/frick Frick Park], Pittsburgh, PA, 2015 version. Accessed November 16, 2015.</ref>

Residents living in extremely low-lying areas near the rivers or one of the 1,400 creeks and streams may have occasional floods,<ref name="Puko">{{cite news |url=https://archive.triblive.com/news/huge-flood-control-cost-planning-mess-put-southwestern-pennsylvania-in-bind/ |title=Huge flood-control cost, planning mess put Southwestern Pennsylvania in bind – Pittsburgh Tribune-Review |last=Puko |first=Tim |date=May 17, 2010 |work=[[Pittsburgh Tribune-Review]]|access-date=December 4, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100520062827/http://www.pittsburghlive.com/x/pittsburghtrib/news/regional/s_681477.html|archive-date=May 20, 2010 }}</ref> such as those caused when the remnants of [[Hurricane Ivan]] hit rainfall records in 2004.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.post-gazette.com/local/north/2005/09/15/Damage-repaired-trauma-remains-after-2004-floods/stories/200509150366 |title=Damage repaired, trauma remains after 2004 floods |last=Stephenson |first=Philip A. |date=September 15, 2005 |website=Pittsburgh Post-Gazette|access-date=December 4, 2021}}</ref> River flooding is relatively rare due to federal flood control efforts extensively managing locks, dams, and reservoirs.<ref name="Puko"/><ref>{{cite journal |last=Anderson |first=R.M. |author2=Beer, K.M. |author3=Buckwalter, T.F. |author4=Clark, M.E. |author5=McAuley, S.D. |author6=Sams, J.I. III |author7=Williams, D.R. |year=2000 |title=Water Quality in the Allegheny and Monongahela River Basins Pennsylvania, West Virginia, New York, and Maryland, 1996–98 |journal=U.S. Geological Survey Circular |series=Circular |issue=1202 |page=2 |doi=10.3133/cir1202 |bibcode=2000usgs.rept....2A |url=http://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/circ1202/introduction.htm}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.post-gazette.com/local/city/2011/03/17/The-historic-St-Patrick-s-Day-Flood-of-1936-two-eyewitness-accounts/stories/201103170442 |title=The historic St. Patrick's Day Flood of 1936: two eyewitness accounts |last=Barcousky |first=Len |date=March 17, 2011 |website=[[Pittsburgh Post-Gazette]]|access-date=March 17, 2011}}</ref> Residents living near smaller tributary streams are less protected from occasional flooding. The cost of a comprehensive flood control program for the region has been estimated at a prohibitive $50&nbsp;billion.<ref name="Puko"/>

Pittsburgh has the greatest number of bars per capita in the nation.<ref name=Ritenbaugh>{{cite news |last=Ritenbaugh |first=Stephanie |title=In The Lead: Pittsburgh leads with the most bars per person |newspaper=[[Pittsburgh Post-Gazette]] |date=May 14, 2014 |url=http://www.post-gazette.com/in-the-lead-2014-stories/2014/05/14/Community-Pittsburgh-most-bars-per-capita-second-most-pizza/stories/201405150065 |access-date=May 14, 2014 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140515222028/http://www.post-gazette.com/in-the-lead-2014-stories/2014/05/14/Community-Pittsburgh-most-bars-per-capita-second-most-pizza/stories/201405150065 |archive-date=May 15, 2014 }}</ref>