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===Public opinion=== After her election in 1996, an estimated 10,000 people marched in protest against racism in Melbourne, and other protests followed, while Anglican and Catholic church leaders warned that the controversy threatened the stability of Australia's multicultural society. Also repudiating Hanson's views on immigration and multiculturalism were Victorian Premier [[Jeff Kennett]], the Queensland National Senator [[Ron Boswell]], Sir [[Ronald Wilson]] and former Prime Minister [[Paul Keating]].<ref>{{Citation |last= Ward |first= Ian |date=August 1997 |title= Australian Political Chronicle: June–December 1996 |journal= Australian Journal of Politics and History |volume= 43 |issue= 2|pages=216–224 |doi=10.1111/j.1467-8497.1997.tb01389.x}}</ref> At the 1997 annual conference of the Australian and New Zealand Communications Association (ANZCA) at [[La Trobe University]], a paper was presented with the title "Phenomena and Epiphenomena: is Pauline Hanson racist?".<ref>{{cite web |url=http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:120055 |title=Phenomena and Epiphenomena: is Pauline Hanson racist? |publisher=Espace.library.uq.edu.au |access-date=9 July 2010 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110717022204/http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:120055 |archive-date=17 July 2011}}</ref> In 1998, social commentator [[Keith Suter]] argued that Hanson's views were better understood as an angry response to [[globalisation]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.wacc.org.uk/wacc/publications/media_development/archive/1998_3/australia_the_media_and_the_politics_of_anger |archive-url=https://archive.today/20070814105506/http://www.wacc.org.uk/wacc/publications/media_development/archive/1998_3/australia_the_media_and_the_politics_of_anger |url-status=dead |archive-date=14 August 2007 |title=Australia, the media and the politics of anger |publisher=Wacc.org.uk |date=March 1998 |access-date=9 July 2010}}</ref> A poll in ''[[The Bulletin (Australian periodical)|The Bulletin]]'' magazine at this time suggested that if Hanson formed a political party, it would win 18 percent of the vote. After months of silence, then-Prime Minister John Howard and Opposition Leader [[Kim Beazley]] proposed a bipartisan motion against racial discrimination and reaffirming support for a nondiscriminatory immigration policy. The motion was carried on the voices.<ref name="Ward-1997a"/> Hanson did not relent in articulating her views and continued to address public meetings around Australia. The [[League of Rights]] offered financial and organisational support for her campaign against Asian immigration, and in December she announced she was considering forming a political party to contest the next election.<ref name="Ward-1997a"/> [[Alexander Downer]], [[Minister for Foreign Affairs]] under [[John Howard]], issued a media release calling on Hanson, [[David Oldfield (politician)|David Oldfield]] and [[David Ettridge]] to distance themselves from racist slurs.<ref>[http://www.foreignminister.gov.au/releases/1998/fa110b_98.html foreignminister.gov.au] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080720210753/http://www.foreignminister.gov.au/releases/1998/fa110b_98.html |date=20 July 2008 }} Hanson Must Disassociate Herself From Racist Slurs</ref> In 2000, the [[University of New South Wales Press|University of NSW Press]] published the book ''Race, Colour and Identity in Australia and New Zealand'',<ref>{{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=3pHjwge_d4MC&q=pauline+hanson+racism+asian+media&pg=PA256 |title=Race, colour, and identity in ... – Google Books |date=April 2000 |access-date=9 July 2010 |isbn=978-0-86840-538-4 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180305044341/https://books.google.com/books?id=3pHjwge_d4MC&pg=PA256&lpg=PA256&dq=pauline+hanson+racism+asian+media |archive-date=5 March 2018 |last1=Docker |first1=John |last2=Fischer |first2=Gerhard |publisher=UNSW Press }}</ref> which identified Hanson as a central figure in the [[Racism in Australia|"racism debate" in Australia]] of the 1990s, noting that senior Australian academics such as [[Jon Stratton]], [[Ghassan Hage]] and [[Andrew Jakubowicz]] had explored Hanson's significance in an international as well as national context.<ref>{{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=3pHjwge_d4MC&q=pauline+hanson+racism+asian+media&pg=PA256 |title=The Racism Debate |date=April 2000 |access-date=9 July 2010 |isbn=978-0-86840-538-4 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180305044341/https://books.google.com/books?id=3pHjwge_d4MC&pg=PA256&lpg=PA256&dq=pauline+hanson+racism+asian+media |archive-date=5 March 2018 |last1=Docker |first1=John |last2=Fischer |first2=Gerhard |publisher=UNSW Press }}</ref> Academics, commentators and political analysts have continued to discuss Hanson's legacy and impact upon Australian politics since her rise to prominence in the 1990s and her political comeback in 2016. [[Milton Osborne]] noted that public opinion research indicated Hanson's initial support in the 1990s was not necessarily motivated by racist or anti-immigration sentiments, but instead from voters concerned about globalisation and unemployment.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Osborne |first1=Milton |title=AUSTRALIA'S ELECTION YEAR: Hansonism and the Asian Financial Crisis |journal=Southeast Asian Affairs |date=1999 |pages=52–64|doi=10.1355/SEAA99D |doi-broken-date=12 December 2024 }}</ref> In 2019, [[Hans-Georg Betz]] identified Hanson as among the first populist politicians to mobilize a public following by targeting "the intellectual elite" in their messages, and that in the twentyfirst century, with "today’s army of self-styled commentators and pundits summarily dismissing radical right-wing populist voters as uncouth, uneducated plebeians intellectually incapable of understanding the blessings of progressive identity politics, Hanson’s anti-elite rhetoric anno 1996 proved remarkably prescient, if rather tame".<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.fairobserver.com/region/asia_pacific/pauline-hanson-one-nation-australia-populist-politics-news-78645/|title=Australia's Own Brand of Radical Populism|date=20 June 2019|access-date=20 December 2020|archive-date=25 November 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201125235836/https://www.fairobserver.com/region/asia_pacific/pauline-hanson-one-nation-australia-populist-politics-news-78645/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=15 January 2021|title=FKN LOL: Someone redirected Pauline Hanson's website to The Refugee Council of Australia|url=https://happymag.tv/pauline-hanson-website-redirects-to-refugee-council-of-australia/|access-date=15 January 2021|website=Happy Mag|language=en-US|archive-date=15 January 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210115005209/https://happymag.tv/pauline-hanson-website-redirects-to-refugee-council-of-australia/|url-status=live}}</ref>
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