Editing Padua (section)

==Culture==
{{Infobox UNESCO World Heritage Site
| WHS         = Orto botanico di Padova
| Image       = Orto botanico padova.JPG
| Caption     = The [[Botanical Garden of Padova]] today; in the background, the [[Basilica of Saint Anthony of Padua|Basilica of Sant'Antonio]]
| Criteria    = Cultural: ii, iii
| ID          = 824
| Year        = 1997
| Area        = 2.2 ha
| Buffer_zone = 11.4 ha
}}

Padua has long been acclaimed for its [[University of Padua|university]], founded in 1222. Under the rule of Venice the university was governed by a board of three patricians, called the ''Riformatori dello Studio di Padova''. The list of notable professors and alumni is long, containing, among others, the names of [[Pietro Bembo|Bembo]], [[Sperone Speroni]], the anatomist [[Andreas Vesalius|Vesalius]], [[Nicolaus Copernicus|Copernicus]], [[Gabriele Falloppio|Fallopius]], Fabrizio d'Acquapendente, [[Galileo Galilei]], [[William Harvey]], [[Pietro Pomponazzi]], [[Reginald Pole|Reginald, later Cardinal Pole]], [[Joseph Justus Scaliger|Scaliger]], [[Torquato Tasso|Tasso]] and [[Jan Zamoyski]]. It is also where, in 1678, [[Elena Lucrezia Cornaro Piscopia]] became the first woman in the world to graduate from university. The university hosts the oldest [[Anatomical theatre|anatomy theatre]], built in 1594.

The university also hosts the oldest [[botanical garden]] (1545) in the world. The botanical garden [[Orto botanico di Padova|Orto Botanico di Padova]] was founded as the garden of curative herbs attached to the University's faculty of medicine. The [[Venetian Senate|Senate of the Venetian republic]] decided that knowledge of [[Herbal medicine|herbal remedies]] would reduces errors made by pharmacists, so the garden was built. Over time, the Venetian republic funded field trips that gathered plants from all over the world, making it an important place for the introduction of many exotic plants. It still contains an important collection of rare plants.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Cappelletti |first=Elsa M. |date=1994 |title=The Botanic Garden of the University of Padua 1545—1995 |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/24753946 |journal=Botanic Gardens Conservation News |volume=2 |issue=4 |pages=23–26 |jstor=24753946 |issn=0965-2582 }}</ref>

The place of Padua in the history of art is nearly as important as its place in the history of learning. The presence of the university attracted many distinguished artists, such as [[Giotto]], [[Filippo Lippi|Fra Filippo Lippi]] and [[Donatello]]; and for native art there was the school of [[Francesco Squarcione]], whence issued [[Andrea Mantegna|Mantegna]].

[[Petrarch|Francesco Petrarca]] (commonly anglicized as Petrarch, 20 July 1304 – 19 July 1374), a scholar, poet of the [[Italian Renaissance]], and one of the earliest humanists, was Canonico at the [[Padua Cathedral]] (Duomo), invited by [[Francesco I da Carrara]], lord of Padua. Petrarca lived in the [[:it:Casa canonicale di Francesco Petrarca|canonical house]] via Dietro Duomo 26/28 in 1349 which remained his property until 1374. His house in Padua was a stopover for numerous historical figures, such as the Carrara princes and [[Giovanni Boccaccio]].

Padua is also the birthplace of the celebrated architect [[Andrea Palladio]], whose 16th-century [[Palladian villas of the Veneto|villas]] in the area of Padua, [[Venice]], [[Vicenza]] and [[Treviso]] are among the most notable of Italy and they were often copied during the 18th and 19th centuries; and of [[Giovanni Battista Belzoni]], adventurer, engineer and [[List of Egyptologists|egyptologist]].

The sculptor [[Antonio Canova]] produced his first work in Padua, one of which is among the statues of Prato della Valle (presently a copy is displayed in the open air, while the original is in the Musei Civici). In Prato della Valle, there is the statue of Antonio Canova (by Giovanni Ferrari), which depicts the sculptor in the act of sculpting the bust of the prosecutor Antonio Cappello.<ref>Elena Catra (2022). [https://padovacultura.padovanet.it/it/attivita-culturali/1822-2022-antonio-canova-padova "Antonio Canova a Padova."] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240125045459/https://padovacultura.padovanet.it/it/attivita-culturali/1822-2022-antonio-canova-padova |date=25 January 2024 }} ''Padova Cultura.'' Retrieved 25 August 2024. https://padovacultura.padovanet.it/it/attivita-culturali/1822-2022-antonio-canova-padova {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240125045459/https://padovacultura.padovanet.it/it/attivita-culturali/1822-2022-antonio-canova-padova |date=25 January 2024 }}</ref>

The Antonianum is settled among Prato della Valle, the Basilica of Saint Anthony and the Botanic Garden. It was built in 1897 by the Jesuit fathers and kept alive until 2002. During World War II, under the leadership of P. Messori Roncaglia SJ, it became the center of the resistance movement against the [[Nazis]]. Indeed, it briefly survived P. Messori's death and was sold by the Jesuits in 2004.

Padua also plays host to the majority of ''[[Taming of the Shrew]]'' by William Shakespeare and in ''[[Much Ado About Nothing]]'' Benedick is named as "Signior Benedick of Padua".

[[Paolo De Poli]], painter and [[Vitreous enamel|enamellist]], author of decorative panels and design objects, 15 times invited to the [[Venice Biennale]] was born in Padua. The [[electronic music|electronic]] musician [[Tying Tiffany]] was also born in Padua.