Editing Neutron (section)

=== Neutron detection by elastic scattering ===
Neutrons can elastically scatter off nuclei, causing the struck nucleus to recoil. Kinematically, a neutron can transfer more energy to a light nucleus such as hydrogen or helium than to a heavier nucleus. Detectors relying on elastic scattering are called fast neutron detectors. Recoiling nuclei can ionize and excite further atoms through collisions. Charge and/or scintillation light produced in this way can be collected to produce a detected signal. A major challenge in fast neutron detection is discerning such signals from erroneous signals produced by gamma radiation in the same detector. Methods such as pulse shape discrimination can be used in distinguishing neutron signals from gamma-ray signals, although certain inorganic scintillator-based detectors have been developed <ref>{{Cite journal |last = Ghosh |first = P. |author2 = W. Fu |author3 = M. J. Harrison |author4 = P. K. Doyle |author5 = N. S. Edwards |author6 = J. A. Roberts |author7 = D. S. McGregor |year = 2018 |title = A high-efficiency, low-Ĉerenkov Micro-Layered Fast-Neutron Detector for the TREAT hodoscope |journal =   Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A |volume = 904 |pages = 100–106 |doi = 10.1016/j.nima.2018.07.035 |bibcode = 2018NIMPA.904..100G |s2cid = 126130994 |doi-access = free }}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last = Ghosh |first = P. |author2= D. M. Nichols |author3= W. Fu |author4 = J. A. Roberts |author5 = D. S. McGregor |title = 2019 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium and Medical Imaging Conference (NSS/MIC) |chapter = Gamma-Ray Rejection of the SiPM-coupled Micro-Layered Fast-Neutron Detector |year = 2019 |pages= 1–3 |doi= 10.1109/NSS/MIC42101.2019.9059869|isbn = 978-1-7281-4164-0 |s2cid = 204877955 }}</ref> to selectively detect neutrons in mixed radiation fields inherently without any additional techniques.

Fast neutron detectors have the advantage of not requiring a moderator, and are therefore capable of measuring the neutron's energy, time of arrival, and in certain cases direction of incidence.