Editing Microscopy (section)

=== Sub-diffraction techniques ===
{{Main|Super-Resolution microscopy}}

[[File:3D Dual Color Super Resolution Microscopy Cremer 2010.png|thumb|600px|Example of super-resolution microscopy. Image of [[Her3]] and [[Her2]], target of the [[breast cancer]] drug [[Trastuzumab]], within a cancer cell.]]

A multitude of super-resolution microscopy techniques have been developed in recent times which circumvent the [[Diffraction-limited system|diffraction limit]].

This is mostly achieved by imaging a sufficiently static sample multiple times and either modifying the excitation light or observing stochastic changes in the image. The deconvolution methods described in the previous section, which removes the PSF induced blur and assigns a mathematically 'correct' origin of light, are used, albeit with slightly different understanding of what the value of a pixel mean. Assuming ''most of the time'', one single fluorophore contributes to one single blob on one single taken image, the blobs in the images can be replaced with their calculated position, vastly improving resolution to well below the diffraction limit.

To realize such assumption, Knowledge of and chemical control over fluorophore photophysics is at the core of these techniques, by which resolutions of ~20 nanometers are obtained.<ref>{{cite journal |author1=Kaufmann Rainer |author2=Müller Patrick |author3=Hildenbrand Georg |author4=Hausmann Michael |author5=Cremer Christoph | year = 2010 | title = Analysis of Her2/neu membrane protein clusters in different types of breast cancer cells using localization microscopy | journal = Journal of Microscopy | volume = 242| issue = 1| doi = 10.1111/j.1365-2818.2010.03436.x | pmid=21118230 | pages=46–54|citeseerx=10.1.1.665.3604 |s2cid=2119158 }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|author1=van de Linde S. |author2=Wolter S. |author3=Sauer S. |title=Single-molecule Photoswitching and Localization|journal=Aust. J. Chem.|year=2011|volume=64|issue=5 |pages=503–511|doi=10.1071/CH10284|doi-access=free}}</ref>