Editing Mexican Revolution (section)

===Political crisis and the founding of the revolutionary party===
[[File:Logo Partido Nacional Revolucionario.svg|thumb|upright|Logo of the PNR]]

With the 1917 Constitution enshrining the principle of "no re-election", revolutionaries who had fought for the principle could not ignore it. Elections were when disgruntled aspirants to the presidency made their move, because it was a period of political transition. The Sonoran triumvirate had done so in 1920. In 1923, De la Huerta rebelled against Obregón's choice of Calles rather than himself as candidate. When Calles designated ex-president Obregón to succeed him, permitted by a constitutional amendment, the principle of no re-elected was technically adhered to, but there was the clear possibility of an endless alternation of the two powerful men. Other rebellions of revolutionary generals broke out in 1927, by [[Francisco R. Serrano|Francisco Serrano]] and [[:es:Arnulfo R. Gómez|Arnulfo R. Gómez]], which was suppressed, and the leaders executed. Obregón was elected, but assassinated before he took office, plunging the country into a political crisis over presidential succession. Since the Mexican Revolution had been sparked by the 1910 re-election of Díaz, Calles and others were well aware that the situation could spiral out of control. This political crisis came when the bloody Cristero War raged across central Mexico. A managed political solution to the crisis of presidential succession had to be found. The answer was the founding of the ''[[National Revolutionary Party (Mexico)|Partido Nacional Revolucionario]]''. In 1929 Calles brought together the various factions, mainly regional strongmen. Calles himself could not become president again, but he remained a powerful figure, the ''Jefe Máximo'', in a period called the ''[[Maximato]]'' (1928-34). Three men ([[Emilio Portes Gil]], [[Pascual Ortiz Rubio]], and [[Abelardo L. Rodríguez]]) held the presidency in what would have been Obregón's second term. To avoid alternation of the presidency by men who had previously held the office, the constitution was revised, reverted to the principle of no re-election.<ref>Matute, "Álvaro Obregón", 1032–1033</ref>

An achievement in this period was the 1929 peace agreement between the Catholic Church and the Mexican state, brokered by [[Dwight Morrow]], U.S. Ambassador to Mexico. The church-state conflict went into hibernation following the designation of General [[Manuel Ávila Camacho]] to succeed President [[Lázaro Cárdenas]] in 1940.