Editing Manhattan Project (section)

=== Heavy water sites ===
{{Main|P-9 Project}}
Although DuPont's preferred designs for the nuclear reactors were helium cooled and used graphite as a moderator, DuPont still expressed an interest in using heavy water as a backup. The ''[[P-9 Project]]'' was the government's codename for the heavy water production program. It was estimated that {{convert|3|ST}} of heavy water would be required per month. The plant at Trail, then under construction, could produce {{convert|0.5|ST}} per month. Groves therefore authorized DuPont to establish heavy water facilities at the Morgantown Ordnance Works, near [[Morgantown, West Virginia]]; at the [[Newport Chemical Depot|Wabash River Ordnance Works]], near [[Dana, Indiana|Dana]] and [[Newport, Indiana]]; and at the [[Alabama Army Ammunition Plant|Alabama Ordnance Works]], near [[Childersburg, Alabama|Childersburg]] and [[Sylacauga, Alabama]]. Although known as Ordnance Works and paid for under [[Ordnance Department]] contracts, they were built and operated by the Army Corps of Engineers. The American plants used a process different from Trail's; heavy water was extracted by distillation, taking advantage of the slightly higher boiling point of heavy water.<ref>{{harvnb|Jones|1985|pp=107–108}}.</ref><ref>{{harvnb|Hewlett|Anderson|1962|pp=201–202}}.</ref>