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==Demographics== {{Main|Demographics of Los Angeles}} {{US Census population | 1850 = 1610 | 1860 = 4385 | 1870 = 5728 | 1880 = 11183 | 1890 = 50395 | 1900 = 102479 | 1910 = 319198 | 1920 = 576673 | 1930 = 1238048 | 1940 = 1504277 | 1950 = 1970358 | 1960 = 2479015 | 1970 = 2811801 | 1980 = 2968528 | 1990 = 3485398 | 2000 = 3694820 | 2010 = 3792621 | 2020 = 3898747 | estyear = 2023 | estimate = 3820914 | estref = <ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/data/tables/time-series/demo/popest/2020s-total-cities-and-towns.html|title=City and Town Population Totals: 2020-2023|access-date=2024-05-19|archive-date=July 11, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220711040810/https://www.census.gov/data/tables/time-series/demo/popest/2020s-total-cities-and-towns.html|url-status=live}}</ref> | align-fn = center | footnote = U.S. Decennial Census<ref name="DecennialCensus">{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/decennial-census/decade.html|title=Decennial Census by Decade|website=[[United States Census Bureau]]|access-date=|archive-date=July 6, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220706023553/https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/decennial-census/decade.html|url-status=live}}</ref><br>1850–1870<ref name=1870CensusCA1>{{Cite web|title=1870 Census of Population - Population of Civil Divisions less than Counties - California - Almeda County to Sutter County|url=https://www2.census.gov/library/publications/decennial/1870/population/1870a-12.pdf|website=[[United States Census Bureau]]|access-date=August 12, 2024|archive-date=September 7, 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240907072108/https://www2.census.gov/library/publications/decennial/1870/population/1870a-12.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name=1870CensusCA2>{{Cite web|title=1870 Census of Population - Population of Civil Divisions less than Counties - California - Tehama County to Yuba County|url=https://www2.census.gov/library/publications/decennial/1870/population/1870a-13.pdf|website=[[United States Census Bureau]]|access-date=August 12, 2024|archive-date=August 28, 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240828190324/https://www2.census.gov/library/publications/decennial/1870/population/1870a-13.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref> 1880–1890<ref name=1890CensusCA>{{Cite web|title= 1890 Census of Population - Population of California by Minor Civil Divisions |url=https://www2.census.gov/library/publications/decennial/1890/bulletins/demographics/134-population-of-ca.pdf|website=[[United States Census Bureau]]}}</ref><br> 1900<ref name=1900CensusCA>{{Cite web|title=1900 Census of Population - Population of California by Counties and Minor Civil Divisions|url=https://www2.census.gov/library/publications/decennial/1900/bulletins/demographic/10-population-ca.pdf|website=[[United States Census Bureau]]|access-date=August 12, 2024|archive-date=August 12, 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240812164053/https://www2.census.gov/library/publications/decennial/1900/bulletins/demographic/10-population-ca.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref> 1910<ref name=1910CensusCA>{{Cite web|title=1910 Census of Population - Supplement for California|url=https://www2.census.gov/library/publications/decennial/1910/abstract/supplement-ca.pdf|website=[[United States Census Bureau]]|access-date=August 12, 2024|archive-date=August 23, 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240823050629/https://www2.census.gov/library/publications/decennial/1910/abstract/supplement-ca.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref> 1920<ref name=1920CensusCA>{{Cite web|title= 1920 Census of Population - Number of Inhabitants - California |url=https://www2.census.gov/library/publications/decennial/1920/bulletins/demographics/population-ca-number-of-inhabitants.pdf|website=[[United States Census Bureau]]}}</ref><br> 1930<ref name=1930CensusCA>{{Cite web|title=1930 Census of Population - Number and Distribution of Inhabitants - California|url=https://www2.census.gov/library/publications/decennial/1930/population-volume-1/03815512v1ch03.pdf|website=[[United States Census Bureau]]|access-date=August 12, 2024|archive-date=August 28, 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240828162810/https://www2.census.gov/library/publications/decennial/1930/population-volume-1/03815512v1ch03.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref> 1940<ref name=1940CensusCA>{{Cite web|title=1940 Census of Population - Number of Inhabitants - California|url=https://www2.census.gov/library/publications/decennial/1940/population-volume-1/33973538v1ch03.pdf|website=[[United States Census Bureau]]|access-date=August 12, 2024|archive-date=September 18, 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240918190408/https://www2.census.gov/library/publications/decennial/1940/population-volume-1/33973538v1ch03.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref> 1950<ref name=1950CensusCA>{{Cite web|title=1950 Census of Population - Number of Inhabitants - California|url=https://www2.census.gov/library/publications/decennial/1950/population-volume-1/vol-01-08.pdf|website=[[United States Census Bureau]]|access-date=August 12, 2024|archive-date=September 21, 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240921120611/https://www2.census.gov/library/publications/decennial/1950/population-volume-1/vol-01-08.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref><br> 1960<ref name=1960CensusCA>{{Cite web|title=1960 Census of Population - General population Characteristics - California|url=https://www2.census.gov/library/publications/decennial/1960/population-volume-1/vol-01-06-d.pdf|website=[[United States Census Bureau]]|access-date=August 12, 2024|archive-date=August 12, 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240812164028/https://www2.census.gov/library/publications/decennial/1960/population-volume-1/vol-01-06-d.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref> 1970<ref name=1970CensusCA>{{Cite web|title=1970 Census of Population - Number of Inhabitants - California|url=https://www2.census.gov/prod2/decennial/documents/1970a_ca1-01.pdf|website=[[United States Census Bureau]]|access-date=August 12, 2024|archive-date=August 12, 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240812164028/https://www2.census.gov/prod2/decennial/documents/1970a_ca1-01.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref> 1980<ref name=1980CensusCA>{{Cite web|title=1980 Census of Population - Number of Inhabitants - California|url=https://www2.census.gov/prod2/decennial/documents/1980a_caAB-01.pdf|website=[[United States Census Bureau]]|access-date=August 12, 2024|archive-date=August 23, 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240823052400/https://www2.census.gov/prod2/decennial/documents/1980a_caAB-01.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref><br> 1990<ref name=1990CensusCA>{{Cite web|title=1990 Census of Population - Population and Housing Unit Counts - California|url=https://www2.census.gov/prod2/cen1990/cph2/cph-2-6.pdf|website=[[United States Census Bureau]]|access-date=August 12, 2024|archive-date=August 14, 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240814213918/https://www2.census.gov/prod2/cen1990/cph2/cph-2-6.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref> 2000<ref name=2000CensusCA>{{Cite web|title= 2000 Census of Population - Population and Housing Unit Counts - California |url=https://www2.census.gov/library/publications/2003/dec/phc-3-6.pdf|website=[[United States Census Bureau]]}}</ref> 2010<ref name=2010CensusCA>{{Cite web|title=2010 Census of Population - Population and Housing Unit Counts - California|url=https://www2.census.gov/library/publications/decennial/2010/cph-2/cph-2-6.pdf|website=[[United States Census Bureau]]|access-date=August 12, 2024|archive-date=February 4, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230204210903/https://www2.census.gov/library/publications/decennial/2010/cph-2/cph-2-6.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref> }} === Total population, age and sex === The [[2020 United States census|2020 U.S. census]] reported Los Angeles had a population of 3,898,747.<ref name=":2">{{Cite web |date=February 11, 2025 |title=U.S. Census Bureau QuickFacts: Los Angeles city, California |url=https://www.census.gov/quickfacts/fact/table/losangelescitycalifornia/PST045224 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250204075028/https://www.census.gov/quickfacts/fact/table/losangelescitycalifornia/PST045224 |archive-date=February 4, 2025 |access-date=February 11, 2025 |website=U.S. Census Bureau QuickFacts}}</ref> The population density was 8,304.2 people per square mile (3,168 people per square kilometer). 5.2% of the total population is under 5 years old, 19.5% under 18 and 13.8% 65 years old and over.<ref name=":2" /> Females make up 50.2% of the total population.<ref name=":2" /> === Housing and families === Owner-occupied housing units make 36.3% of the total Los Angeles housing units and they cost $879,500 in average. (2019–2023)<ref name=":2" /> With a mortgage, the medium selected monthly owner costs are $3,399 and without a mortgage $950. (2019–2023)<ref name=":2" /> Median gross rent is $1,879. (2019–2023)<ref name=":2" /> There are 1,419,663 households in Los Angeles, with an average of 2.64 people being part of them. (2019–2023).<ref name=":2" /> === Economy === [[File:Distribution of high income households across LA County.png|thumb|left|Percentage of households with incomes above $150k across [[Los Angeles County, California|Los Angeles County]] census tracts]]66.5% of the total population aged 16 and over make up Los Angeles in civilian labor force, while among female residents aged 16 and over the percentage is 61.0%.<ref name=":2" /> In 2022, accommodation and food services made $17,366,966, health care and social assistance sectors made $46,297,839, transportation and warehousing $25,410,257 and the retail sector $81,351,523, with residents spending and average of $21,281 in retail purchases throughout the year.<ref name=":2" /> From 2019 to 2023, the median households income in Los Angeles was $80,366 (2023 dollars), while the per capita income in the past 12 months was $46,270.<ref name=":2" /> 16.5% of Los Angeles inhabitants live in poverty.<ref name=":2" /> ===Race and ethnicity=== [[File:Los angeles chinatown0001.jpg|thumb|Los Angeles [[Chinatown, Los Angeles|Chinatown]]]] According to data in 2023 from the [[United States Census Bureau]] Los Angeles's population is 28.3% non-Hispanic [[White Americans|White]], 8.5% [[African Americans|Black]], 12.0% [[Asian Americans|Asian]], 1.2% [[Native Americans in the United States|Native American]], 0.1% [[Pacific Islander Americans|Pacific Islander]] and 47.2% [[Hispanic and Latino Americans|Hispanic or Latino]].<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.census.gov/quickfacts/fact/table/losangelescitycalifornia/PST045223 |publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]] |access-date=March 26, 2025 |title=QuickFacts Los Angeles city, California}}</ref> [[Ethnic enclave]]s like [[Chinatown, Los Angeles|Chinatown]], [[Historic Filipinotown, Los Angeles|Historic Filipinotown]], [[Koreatown, Los Angeles|Koreatown]], [[Little Armenia, Los Angeles|Little Armenia]], [[Little Ethiopia, Los Angeles|Little Ethiopia]], [[Tehrangeles]], [[Little Tokyo, Los Angeles|Little Tokyo]], [[Little Bangladesh, Los Angeles|Little Bangladesh]], and [[Thai Town, Los Angeles|Thai Town]] provide examples of the [[Multiculturalism|polyglot]] character of Los Angeles. [[Mexican American|Mexican]] ancestry makes up the largest origin among descendants of [[List of sovereign states and dependent territories in the Americas|American countries]] other than the United States at 31.9% of the city's population, followed by those of [[Salvadoran American|Salvadoran]] (6.0%) and [[Guatemalan American|Guatemalan]] (3.6%) heritage. Descendants of Mexicans and Central Americans have long established communities in Los Angeles and are spread throughout the entire city and its metropolitan area. It is most heavily concentrated in regions around Downtown, such as [[East Los Angeles (region)|East Los Angeles]], [[Northeast Los Angeles]] and [[Westlake, Los Angeles|Westlake]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Neighborhood Wellbeing and Environmental Quality for Latino/a Communities in Southeast Los Angeles – Neighborhood Data for Social Change |url=https://la.myneighborhooddata.org/2021/08/neighborhood-wellbeing-and-environmental-quality-for-latino-a-communities-in-south-east-los-angeles/ |access-date=2024-06-17 |language=en-US}}</ref> The largest Asian ethnic groups are [[Filipino American|Filipinos]] (3.2%) and [[Korean American|Koreans]] (2.9%), which have their own established ethnic enclaves—[[Koreatown, Los Angeles|Koreatown]] in the Wilshire Center and [[Historic Filipinotown]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.latimes.com/california/story/2020-01-06/filipinotown-cool-enclaves|title=Here's how HIFI, or Historic Filipinotown got its name|last=Shyong|first=Frank|date=January 6, 2020|website=[[Los Angeles Times]]|access-date=January 6, 2020|archive-date=January 6, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200106154632/https://www.latimes.com/california/story/2020-01-06/filipinotown-cool-enclaves|url-status=live}}</ref> [[Chinese American|Chinese]] people, which make up 1.8% of Los Angeles's population, reside mostly outside of Los Angeles city limits, in the [[San Gabriel Valley]] of eastern Los Angeles County, but make a sizable presence in the city, notably in [[Chinatown, Los Angeles|Chinatown]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://chinatownla.com/wp1/|title=Welcome to Los Angeles Chinatown|website=chinatownla.com|access-date=June 10, 2015|archive-date=January 24, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170124023816/http://chinatownla.com/wp1/|url-status=dead}}</ref> Chinatown and [[Thaitown, Los Angeles, California|Thaitown]] are also home to many [[Thai American|Thais]] and [[Cambodian American|Cambodians]], which make up 0.3% and 0.1% of Los Angeles's population, respectively. The [[Japanese American|Japanese]] comprise 0.9% of the city's population and have an established [[Little Tokyo, Los Angeles|Little Tokyo]] in the city's downtown, and another significant community of Japanese Americans is in the [[Sawtelle, Los Angeles|Sawtelle]] district of West Los Angeles. [[Vietnamese American|Vietnamese]] make up 0.5% of Los Angeles's population. [[Indian American|Indians]] make up 0.9% of the city's population. Los Angeles is also home to Caucasian and Middle Eastern communities, such as [[Armenian American|Armenians]], [[Assyrian Americans|Assyrians]], and [[Iranian Americans|Iranians]], many of whom live in enclaves like [[Little Armenia, Los Angeles|Little Armenia]] and [[Tehrangeles]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Najafi |first=Leila |date=2021-10-23 |title=A Guide to Tehrangeles, Los Angeles's Pocket of Iranian Culture |url=https://www.cntraveler.com/story/a-guide-to-iranian-culture-in-los-angeles |access-date=2024-06-17 |website=Condé Nast Traveler |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |author=Eater Staff |date=2016-08-17 |title=Where to Eat Armenian Food in L.A. {{!}} MOFAD City |url=http://www.eater.com/a/mofad-city-guides/la-armenian-restaurants |access-date=2024-06-17 |website=Eater.com}}</ref> African Americans have been the predominant ethnic group in [[South Los Angeles]], which has emerged as the largest African-American community in the western United States since the 1960s. The neighborhoods of South Los Angeles with highest concentration of African Americans include [[Crenshaw, Los Angeles|Crenshaw]], [[Baldwin Hills, Los Angeles|Baldwin Hills]], [[Leimert Park, Los Angeles|Leimert Park]], [[Hyde Park, Los Angeles|Hyde Park]], [[Gramercy Park, Los Angeles|Gramercy Park]], [[Manchester Square, Los Angeles|Manchester Square]] and [[Watts, Los Angeles|Watts]].<ref name="MaryEllen">{{cite book|title=The City of Watts, California: 1907 to 1926|author=Ray, MaryEllen Bell|year=1985|publisher=Rising Pub. |isbn=978-0-917047-01-5|url-access=registration|url=https://archive.org/details/cityofwattscalif0000raym}}</ref> Since the 1990s, the growing cost of living in the city has most impacted the African American population. African Americans are the fastest declining population in the city and many of the formerly predominately African American neighborhoods have become much more diverse.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.latimes.com/california/story/2024-01-30/investors-leimert-park|title=Do you want to sell your house? In historically Black Leimert Park, the question triggers fear and anger|date=January 30, 2024|website=Los Angeles Times}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.wnycstudios.org/podcasts/neighborhood/episodes/black-neighborhood-you-arent-black|title=This Is a Black Neighborhood. You Aren't Black. | There Goes the Neighborhood|website=WNYC Studios}}</ref> There is also a sizable [[Eritrean Americans|Eritrean]] and [[Ethiopian Americans|Ethiopian]] community in the Fairfax region.<ref>{{cite book|title=Immigrants in American History: Arrival, Adaptation, and Integration|page=693|isbn=9781598842197 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=AP7QCteb0o0C&pg=PA693 |last1=Barkan |first1=Elliott Robert |date=January 17, 2013 |publisher=Abc-Clio }}</ref> Los Angeles has the second-largest Mexican, Armenian, Salvadoran, Filipino, and Guatemalan populations by city in the world, the third-largest Canadian population in the world, and has the largest Japanese, Iranian/Persian, Cambodian, and Romani (Gypsy) populations in the country.<ref>{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=bpQB4ogOQscC&pg=PA83 |title=The Power of Place: Urban Landscapes as Public History |page=83 |isbn=9780262581523 |last1=Hayden |first1=Dolores |date=February 24, 1997 |publisher=MIT Press |access-date=November 24, 2022 |archive-date=November 6, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231106164905/https://books.google.com/books?id=bpQB4ogOQscC&pg=PA83#v=onepage&q&f=false |url-status=live }}</ref> The Italian community is concentrated in San Pedro.<ref>{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=MwQZUOiSqPcC&q=italians+in+los+angeles |title=Italians in Los Angeles |isbn=9780738547756 |last1=Bitetti |first1=Marge |year=2007 |publisher=Arcadia |access-date=November 28, 2022 |archive-date=April 27, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230427002724/https://books.google.com/books?id=MwQZUOiSqPcC&q=italians+in+los+angeles |url-status=live }}</ref> Most of Los Angeles' foreign-born population were born in [[Mexico]], [[El Salvador]], [[Guatemala]], the [[Philippines]] and [[South Korea]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://dornsife.usc.edu/assets/sites/731/docs/LOSANGELES_web.pdf|title=Los Angeles|website=dornsife.usc.edu|access-date=August 7, 2023|archive-date=July 21, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230721044750/https://dornsife.usc.edu/assets/sites/731/docs/LOSANGELES_web.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref> ===Religion=== {{bar box |title = Religious affiliation (2014)<ref name="LAReligion1" /><ref name="LAReligion2" /> |titlebar=#ccf |background-color=#f8f9fa |float=right |bars = {{bar percent|Christian|darkblue|65}} {{bar percent|[[Catholic Church|Catholic]]|mediumblue|32}} {{bar percent|[[Protestant]]|mediumblue|30}} {{bar percent|Other Christian|mediumblue|3}} {{bar percent|Unaffiliated|purple|25}} {{bar percent|Jewish|lightgreen|3}} {{bar percent|[[Muslim]]|lightgreen|2}} {{bar percent|[[Buddhist]]|lightgreen|2}} {{bar percent|[[Hinduism in Los Angeles|Hindu]]|lightgreen|1}} {{bar percent|Other faiths|lightgreen|1}} }} According to a 2014 study by the [[Pew Research Center]], [[Christianity]] is the most prevalently practiced religion in Los Angeles (65%).<ref name="LAReligion1">{{cite web |title=Religious Landscape Study: Adults in the Los Angeles Metro Area |publisher=[[Pew Research Center]] |url=https://www.pewresearch.org/religion/religious-landscape-study/metro-area/los-angeles-metro-area/ |year=2014 |access-date=June 26, 2023 |archive-date=July 31, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220731171509/https://www.pewresearch.org/religion/religious-landscape-study/metro-area/los-angeles-metro-area/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="LAReligion2">{{cite web|url=http://www.pewforum.org/2015/05/12/americas-changing-religious-landscape/|title=America's Changing Religious Landscape|date=May 12, 2015|publisher=[[Pew Research Center]]: Religion & Public Life|access-date=July 30, 2015|archive-date=April 10, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190410223438/https://www.pewforum.org/2015/05/12/americas-changing-religious-landscape/|url-status=live}}</ref> The [[Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Los Angeles]] is the largest [[Diocese|archdiocese]] in the country.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2006/04/01/AR2006040101206.html|title=Cardinal Puts Church in Fight for Immigration Rights|last=Pomfret|first=John|date=April 2, 2006|newspaper=[[Washington Post]]|access-date=October 22, 2011|archive-date=June 12, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180612162635/http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2006/04/01/AR2006040101206.html|url-status=live}}</ref> [[Roger Mahony|Cardinal Roger Mahony]], as the archbishop, oversaw construction of the [[Cathedral of Our Lady of the Angels]], which opened in September 2002 in downtown Los Angeles.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-2002-sep-04-me-cathedral4-story.html|title=Pomp Past, Masses Flock to Cathedral|last1=Stammer|first1=Larry B.|date=September 4, 2002|newspaper=[[Los Angeles Times]]|access-date=October 22, 2011|last2=Becerra|first2=Hector|archive-date=January 11, 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120111131637/http://articles.latimes.com/2002/sep/04/local/me-cathedral4|url-status=live}}</ref> In 2011, the once common, but ultimately lapsed, custom of conducting a procession and [[Mass (liturgy)|Mass]] in honor of Nuestra Señora de los Ángeles, in commemoration of the founding of the City of Los Angeles in 1781, was revived by the [[Queen of Angels Foundation]] and its founder Mark Albert, with the support of the Archdiocese of Los Angeles as well as several civic leaders.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.thequeenofangels.com/wp-content/media/tidings-online20110906.pdf|title=2011 'Grand Procession' revives founding of L.A. Marian devotion|author=Dellinger, Robert|date=September 6, 2011|work=The Tidings Online|access-date=January 14, 2015|archive-date=February 22, 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140222165934/http://www.thequeenofangels.com/wp-content/media/tidings-online20110906.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref> The recently revived custom is a continuation of the original processions and Masses that commenced on the first anniversary of the founding of Los Angeles in 1782 and continued for nearly a century thereafter. [[File:Exterior of Cathedral of Our Lady of the Angels dllu.jpg|thumb|left|upright|[[Cathedral of Our Lady of the Angels]] (also called Los Angeles Cathedral), the metropolitan cathedral of the [[Roman Catholic Church]] in Los Angeles.]] With 621,000 [[American Jews|Jews]] in the metropolitan area, the region has the second-largest population of Jews in the United States, after [[Judaism in New York City|New York City]].<ref name="Jews">{{cite web|url=http://www.simpletoremember.com/vitals/world-jewish-population.htm|title=World Jewish Population|publisher=SimpleToRemember.com|access-date=October 23, 2011|archive-date=April 7, 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120407202909/http://www.simpletoremember.com/vitals/world-jewish-population.htm|url-status=live}}</ref> Many of Los Angeles's Jews now live on the [[Westside (Los Angeles County)|Westside]] and in the [[San Fernando Valley]], though [[Boyle Heights, Los Angeles, California|Boyle Heights]] once had a large Jewish population prior to World War II due to restrictive housing covenants. Major Orthodox Jewish neighborhoods include [[Hancock Park, Los Angeles|Hancock Park]], [[Pico-Robertson]], and [[Valley Village, Los Angeles|Valley Village]], while Jewish Israelis are well represented in the [[Encino, Los Angeles|Encino]] and [[Tarzana, Los Angeles|Tarzana]] neighborhoods, and [[Persian Jews]] in [[Beverly Hills, California|Beverly Hills]]. Many varieties of Judaism are represented in the greater Los Angeles area, including [[Reform Judaism|Reform]], [[Conservative Judaism|Conservative]], [[Orthodox Judaism|Orthodox]], and [[Reconstructionist Judaism|Reconstructionist]]. The [[Breed Street Shul]] in [[East Los Angeles, California|East Los Angeles]], built in 1923, was the largest synagogue west of Chicago in its early decades; it is no longer in daily use as a synagogue and is being converted to a museum and community center.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.isjm.org/jhr/no1/america.htm|title=Washington Symposium and Exhibition Highlight Restoration and Adaptive Reuse of American Synagogues|date=March 1997|work=Jewish Heritage Report|access-date=October 23, 2011|number=1|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110327105250/http://www.isjm.org/jhr/no1/america.htm|archive-date=March 27, 2011|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.isjm.org/jhr/IInos1-2/breedstreet.htm|title=Los Angeles's Breed Street Shul Saved by Politicians|date=Spring–Summer 1998|work=Jewish Heritage Report|access-date=October 23, 2011|number=1–2|volume=II|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110327105245/http://www.isjm.org/jhr/IInos1-2/breedstreet.htm|archive-date=March 27, 2011|url-status=dead}}</ref> The [[Kabbalah Centre]] also has a presence in the city.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,1223372,00.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060819180859/http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,1223372,00.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=August 19, 2006|title=Madonna Finds A Cause|last=Luscombe|first=Belinda|date=August 6, 2006|work=[[Time Magazine]]|access-date=October 23, 2011}}</ref> The [[International Church of the Foursquare Gospel]] was founded in Los Angeles by [[Aimee Semple McPherson]] in 1923 and remains headquartered there to this day. For many years, the church convened at [[Angelus Temple]], which, at its construction, was one of the largest churches in the country.<ref>Edith Waldvogel Blumhofer, ''Aimee Semple McPherson: everybody's sister'', Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing, USA, 1993, page 246–247</ref> [[File:Wilshire Boulevard Temple 2017 (cropped).jpg|thumb|right|[[Wilshire Boulevard Temple]] is one of the largest [[synagogue]]s in LA.]] Los Angeles has had a rich and influential Protestant tradition. The first Protestant service in Los Angeles was a Methodist meeting held in a private home in 1850 and the oldest Protestant church still operating, [[First Congregational Church of Los Angeles|First Congregational Church]], was founded in 1867.<ref name="Eighteen5019Thirty">{{cite web|url=http://www.prolades.com/glama/la5co07/overview_1850-1930.htm|title=n Overview of Religion in Los Angeles from 1850 to 1930|author=Clifton L. Holland|access-date=September 18, 2017|archive-date=September 5, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170905133328/http://www.prolades.com/glama/la5co07/overview_1850-1930.htm|url-status=dead}}</ref> In the early 1900s the [[Bible Institute Of Los Angeles]] published the founding documents of the [[Christian Fundamentalist]] movement and the [[Azusa Street Revival]] launched [[Pentecostalism]].<ref name="Eighteen5019Thirty" /> The [[Metropolitan Community Church]] also had its origins in the Los Angeles area.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.mccchurch.org/overview/history-of-mcc/|title=History of MCC – Metropolitan Community Churches|website=www.mccchurch.org|access-date=April 28, 2019|archive-date=May 4, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190504012853/https://www.mccchurch.org/overview/history-of-mcc/|url-status=live}}</ref> Important churches in the city include [[First Presbyterian Church of Hollywood]], [[Bel Air Presbyterian Church]], [[First African Methodist Episcopal Church of Los Angeles]], [[West Angeles Church of God in Christ]], [[Second Baptist Church (Los Angeles, California)|Second Baptist Church]], [[Crenshaw Christian Center]], [[McCarty Memorial Christian Church]], and First Congregational Church. [[File:Second Church of Christ, Scientist, Los Angeles.jpg|thumb|left|[[Second Church of Christ, Scientist (Los Angeles)|Second Church of Christ, Scientist]]]] The Hollywood region of Los Angeles also has several significant headquarters, churches, including the [[Celebrity Center]] of the [[Church of Scientology]].<ref>{{cite web |first=Daniel |last=Miller |url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/general-news/scientologys-hollywood-real-estate-empire-213141/ |title=Scientology's Hollywood Real Estate Empire |work=[[The Hollywood Reporter]] |date=July 21, 2011 |access-date=February 26, 2022 |archive-date=July 18, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210718115358/https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/general-news/scientologys-hollywood-real-estate-empire-213141/ |url-status=live }}</ref> Because of Los Angeles's large multi-ethnic population, a wide variety of faiths are practiced, including [[Buddhism]], [[Hinduism in Los Angeles|Hinduism]], [[Islam]], [[Zoroastrianism]], [[Sikhism]], [[Baháʼí Faith|Baháʼí]], various [[Eastern Orthodox Church]]es, [[Sufism]], [[Shinto]]ism, [[Taoism]], [[Confucianism]], [[Chinese folk religion]] and countless others. Immigrants from Asia for example, have formed a number of significant [[Buddhism|Buddhist]] congregations making the city home to the greatest variety of Buddhists in the world. The first Buddhist [[Chinese temple architecture|joss house]] was founded in the city in 1875.<ref name="Eighteen5019Thirty" /> [[Atheism]] and other secular beliefs are also common, as the city is the largest in the Western U.S. [[Unchurched Belt]]. ===Homelessness=== {{main|Homelessness in Los Angeles}} [[File:Homeless people, Los Angeles, California (cropped).jpg|thumb|upright|Homeless tents outside [[Los Angeles City Hall]], 2021]] As of January 2020, there are 41,290 [[Homelessness in the United States|homeless people]] in the City of Los Angeles, comprising roughly 62% of the homeless population of LA County.<ref>{{cite web|title=4558 – 2020 Greater Los Angeles Homeless Count Presentation|url=https://www.lahsa.org/documents?id=4558-2020-greater-los-angeles-homeless-count-presentation|access-date=July 6, 2020|website=www.lahsa.org|archive-date=July 7, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200707040526/https://www.lahsa.org/documents?id=4558-2020-greater-los-angeles-homeless-count-presentation|url-status=live}}</ref> This is an increase of 14.2% over the previous year (with a 12.7% increase in the overall homeless population of LA County).<ref name=":0">{{Cite news|last=Cowan|first=Jill|date=June 12, 2020|title=What Los Angeles's Homeless Count Results Tell Us|language=en-US|work=[[The New York Times]]|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2020/06/12/us/la-county-homeless-population.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200612130812/https://www.nytimes.com/2020/06/12/us/la-county-homeless-population.html |archive-date=June 12, 2020 |url-access=subscription |url-status=live|access-date=July 6, 2020|issn=0362-4331}}</ref><ref name="Homeless Populations">{{Cite news|last=Cowan|first=Jill|date=June 5, 2019|title=Homeless Populations Are Surging in Los Angeles. Here's Why.|language=en-US|work=[[The New York Times]]|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2019/06/05/us/los-angeles-homeless-population.html|access-date=July 6, 2020|issn=0362-4331|archive-date=March 27, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200327093047/https://www.nytimes.com/2019/06/05/us/los-angeles-homeless-population.html|url-status=live}}</ref> The epicenter of homelessness in Los Angeles is the [[Skid Row, Los Angeles|Skid Row]] neighborhood, which contains 8,000 homeless people, one of the largest stable populations of homeless people in the United States.<ref>{{Cite news |last1=Holland |first1=Gale |last2=Zahniser |first2=David |date=May 29, 2019 |title=L.A. agrees to let homeless people keep skid row property — and some in downtown aren't happy |url=https://www.latimes.com/local/lanow/la-me-ln-homeless-cleanup-property-skid-row-downtown-lawsuit-mitchell-case-20190529-story.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190810085752/https://www.latimes.com/local/lanow/la-me-ln-homeless-cleanup-property-skid-row-downtown-lawsuit-mitchell-case-20190529-story.html |archive-date=August 10, 2019 |access-date=August 19, 2019 |work=[[Los Angeles Times]]}}</ref><ref name="abc7_06132019">{{cite news|url=https://abc7.com/society/las-homeless-aerial-tour-of-skid-row-epicenter-of-crisis/5344680/|title=LA's homeless: Aerial view tour of Skid Row, epicenter of crisis|last=Cristi|first=Chris|date=June 13, 2019|work=ABC7|access-date=June 19, 2019|archive-date=October 17, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211017121638/https://abc7.com/society/las-homeless-aerial-tour-of-skid-row-epicenter-of-crisis/5344680/|url-status=live}}</ref> The increased homeless population in Los Angeles has been attributed to lack of housing affordability<ref name="Homeless Populations"/> and to substance abuse.<ref>{{cite web|author1=Doug Smith|author2=Benjamin Oreskes|url=https://www.latimes.com/california/story/2019-10-07/homeless-population-mental-illness-disability|title=Are many homeless people in L.A. mentally ill? New findings back the public's perception|work=[[Los Angeles Times]]|date=October 7, 2019|access-date=June 2, 2022|archive-date=June 3, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220603043500/https://www.latimes.com/california/story/2019-10-07/homeless-population-mental-illness-disability|url-status=live}}</ref> Almost 60 percent of the 82,955 people who became newly homeless in 2019 said their homelessness was because of economic hardship.<ref name=":0" /> In Los Angeles, black people are roughly four times more likely to experience homelessness.<ref name=":0" /><ref>{{cite web|title=2823 – Report And Recommendations Of The Ad Hoc Committee On Black People Experiencing Homelessness|url=https://www.lahsa.org/documents?id=2823-report-and-recommendations-of-the-ad-hoc-committee-on-black-people-experiencing-homelessness|access-date=July 6, 2020|website=www.lahsa.org|archive-date=July 6, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200706211718/https://www.lahsa.org/documents?id=2823-report-and-recommendations-of-the-ad-hoc-committee-on-black-people-experiencing-homelessness|url-status=live}}</ref>
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