Editing List of monarchs of Iran (section)

==== Samanids (875–999)<!-- The timespan does not count the earlier, disunited Samanid emirates --> ====
{{See also|Samanid Empire}}
[[File:Samanid Empire (greatest extent).svg|thumb|The [[Samanid Empire|Samanids]] at their greatest extent|190px]]
The Samanids were a dynasty of Islamic Iranian rulers established by four brothers in 819, when they were granted four important cities and regions by the Abbasid Caliphate due to helping against the revolt of [[Rafi ibn al-Layth]].{{Sfn|Baumer|2016|loc=The Samanids}} In 875, the Samanids increased dramatically in power through investment as governors of [[Transoxiana]]{{Sfn|Baumer|2016|loc=The Samanids}}{{Sfn|Ross|1977|p=480}} and in 892, all Samanid-held territories were united under a single ruler ([[Ismail Samani|Ismail]]). Under Ismail, the Samanids became autonomous of the Abbasids.{{Sfn|Baumer|2016|loc=The Samanids}} The Samanids claimed descent from [[Bahram Chobin|Bahram VI Chobin]] (589–590).{{Sfn|Davaran|2010|p=157}}

Like other dynasties of their time, Samanid rulers used the title ''[[amir]]''.{{sfn|Haug|2022}} [[Mansur I]] (961/962–976/977) assumed the style ''šāhānšāh'' ({{Literal translation|King of Kings}}) as a response to the use of that title by the Buyids.{{sfn|Madelung|Daftary|Meri|2003|p=330}} Mansur I's son, [[Nuh II]] (976/977–997), also used ''šāhānšāh''.{{sfn|al-Mulk|2002|p=156}} The Samanid capital was at [[Samarkand]] (875–892) and then at [[Bukhara]].{{Sfn|Baumer|2016|loc=The Samanids}}
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center; width:80%;"
! width="7%" |Portrait
! width="27%" |Name
! width="32%" |Reign
! width="34%" |Succession
|-
|{{Centre|—}}
|[[Nasr I]]
|875{{Sfn|Daryaee|2012|p=395}} – August/September 892{{Sfn|Ross|1977|p=480}}<br /><small>(17 years)</small>
|Appointed governor of [[Transoxiana]] by the Abbasid Caliphate in 875{{Sfn|Ross|1977|p=480}}
|-
|[[File:Coinage of Isma'il I ibn Ahmad (AH 279-295 AD 892-907) Usrushana mint. Dated AH 280 (AD 893-4).jpg|65px]]
|[[Ismail Samani|Ismail]]
|August/September 892 – 24 November 907{{Sfn|Ross|1977|p=480}}<br /><small>(15 years and 2–3 months)</small>
|Brother of Nasr I{{Sfn|Ross|1977|p=480}}
|-
|[[File:Ruler Aḥmad Sāmānī from the genealogy (silsilanāma), Cream of Histories (Zübdet-üt Tevarih, 1598).jpg|65px]]
|[[Ahmad Samani|Ahmad]]<br />''<small>the Martyred Amir</small>''
|November/December 907 – 24 January 914{{Sfn|Ross|1977|p=480}}<br /><small>(6 years and 2–3 months)</small>
|Son of Ismail{{Sfn|Ross|1977|p=480}}
|-
|[[File:NasrIISamanidCoinHistoryofIran.jpg|65px]]
|[[Nasr II]]<br />''<small>the Fortunate</small>''
|January 914 – March/April 943{{Sfn|Ross|1977|p=480}}<br /><small>(29 years and 2–3 months)</small>
|Son of Ahmad{{Sfn|Ross|1977|p=480}}
|-
|[[File:NuhISamanidCoinHistoryofIran.jpg|65px]]
|[[Nuh I]]
|April/May 943 – 954/955{{Sfn|Ross|1977|p=480}}<br /><small>(11–12 years)</small>
|Son of Nasr II{{Sfn|Daryaee|2012|p=395}}
|-
|[[File:Gold coin of the Samanid ruler Abd al-Malik I, minted at Nishapur in 955 or 956.jpg|65px]]
|[[Abd al-Malik I (Samanid emir)|Abd al-Malik I]]
|954/955–961/962{{Sfn|Ross|1977|p=480}}<br /><small>(8 years)</small>
|Son of Nuh I{{Sfn|Ross|1977|p=480}}
|-
|[[File:Mansur I.jpg|65px]]
|[[Mansur I]]<br />''<small>the Righteous Amir</small>''
|961/962–976/977{{Sfn|Ross|1977|p=480}}<br /><small>(15 years)</small>
|Son of Nuh I{{Sfn|Daryaee|2012|p=395}}
|-
|[[File:NuhIISamanidCoinHistoryofIran.jpg|65px]]
|[[Nuh II]]
|976/977 – 22 July 997{{Sfn|Ross|1977|p=480}}<br /><small>(10–11 years)</small>
|Son of Mansur I{{Sfn|Ross|1977|p=480}}
|-
|[[File:Ghaznavid coin citing the Samanid ruler Mansur II as overlord.jpg|65px]]
|[[Mansur II]]
|July/August 997 – 1 February 999{{Sfn|Ross|1977|p=480}}<br /><small>(1 year and 6–7 months)</small>
|Son of Nuh II{{Sfn|Ross|1977|p=480}}
|-
|{{Centre|—}}
|[[Abd al-Malik II (Samanid emir)|Abd al-Malik II]]
|February 999{{Sfn|Ross|1977|p=480}} – 999{{Sfn|Daryaee|2012|p=395}}<br /><small>(less than a year)</small>
|Son of Nuh II{{Sfn|Ross|1977|p=480}}
|}
{| class="wikitable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="text-align:center; width:80%;"
|+ Later pretenders (999–1005)
|-
! width="7%" |Portrait
! width="27%" |Name
! width="32%" |Tenure
! width="34%" |Succession
|-
|{{Centre|—}}
|[[Isma'il Muntasir|Ismail II]]<br /><small>''Muntasir'' ({{Literal translation|the Victorious}})</small>
|999{{Sfn|Daryaee|2012|p=395}}–1005{{Sfn|Baumer|2016|loc=The Samanids}}<br /><small>(6 years)</small>
|Son of Nuh II.{{Sfn|Daryaee|2012|p=395}} Fought against the [[Kara-Khanid Khanate]], which conquered Bukhara, for several years in an effort to restore the Samanids.{{Sfn|Baumer|2016|loc=The Samanids}}
|}