Editing Languages of the United States (section)

====Alaskan Russian====
{{main|Alaskan Russian}}
[[File:Map of USA AK.svg|thumb|The [[State of Alaska]]]]
Alaskan Russian, known locally as Old Russian, is a dialect of [[Russian language|Russian]] influenced by the [[Alutiiq language|Alutiiq]] language spoken by [[Alaskan Creole people|Alaskan Creoles]]. Most of its speakers live on [[Kodiak Island]] and in the [[Ninilchik]] ([[Kenai Peninsula]]). It has been isolated from other varieties of Russian for over a century.<ref>Evgeny Golovko (2010) [http://www.ninilchikrussian.com/documents/Golovko.pdf 143 Years after Russian America: the Russian language without Russians.] Paper read at the 2010 Conference on Russian America, Sitka, August 20, 2010.</ref>

Kodiak Russian was natively spoken along the Afognak Strait until the [[Great Alaskan earthquake]] and tsunami of 1964. It has become moribund, spoken by only a handful of elderly people, and is virtually undocumented.<ref name=NSA>{{cite web |author= Michael Kraus |title= IPY-Documenting Alaskan and Neighboring Languages |date= 2016 |url= https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0732787}}</ref>

Ninilchik Russian has been better studied and is more vibrant. It developed from the [[Russian colonization of the Americas|Russian colonial settlement]] of the village of Ninilchik in 1847.<ref>[https://www.rbth.com/society/2013/05/29/russian_languages_most_isolated_dialect_found_in_alaska_26519.html Russian language's most isolated dialect found in Alaska.] ''Russia Beyond'', 2013 May 13.</ref><ref>[http://www.ninilchikrussian.com/index.html Ninilchik Russian] (with dictionary)</ref>

Ninilchik Russian vocabulary is clearly [[Russian language|Russian]], with a few borrowings from [[English language|English]] and [[Alaska Native languages|Alaskan native languages]].

In [[Nikolaevsk, Alaska]], 66.57% of the population still spoke Russian at home as late as 2017.<ref>{{cite web|title=Nikolaevsk, Alaska|date=May 25, 2017 |website=MLA Language Map Data Center |url=https://apps.mla.org/map_data_results%26SRVY_YEAR%3D2000%26geo%3D%26state_id%3D2%26county_id%3D%26mode%3Dplace%26lang_id%3D%26zip%3D%26place_id%3D54085%26cty_id%3D%26region_id%3D%26division_id%3D%26ll%3D%26ea%3Dy%26order%3D%26a%3Dy%26pc%3D1|access-date=October 16, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170525064035/https://apps.mla.org/map_data_results%26SRVY_YEAR%3D2000%26geo%3D%26state_id%3D2%26county_id%3D%26mode%3Dplace%26lang_id%3D%26zip%3D%26place_id%3D54085%26cty_id%3D%26region_id%3D%26division_id%3D%26ll%3D%26ea%3Dy%26order%3D%26a%3Dy%26pc%3D1 |archive-date=May 25, 2017|url-status=live}}</ref>