Editing Judaism (section)

===Jewish demographics===
{{Main|Jewish population by country}}
The total number of Jews worldwide is difficult to assess because the definition of "who is a Jew" is problematic; not all Jews identify themselves as Jewish, and some who identify as Jewish are not considered so by other Jews. According to the ''Jewish Year Book'' (1901), the global Jewish population in 1900 was around 11 million. The latest available data is from the World Jewish Population Survey of 2002 and the Jewish Year Calendar (2005). In 2002, according to the Jewish Population Survey, there were 13.3&nbsp;million Jews around the world. The Jewish Year Calendar cites 14.6&nbsp;million. It is 0.25% of world population.{{sfn|Mendes-Flohr|2005|p=}}

Jewish population growth is currently near zero percent, with 0.3% growth from 2000 to 2001. The overall growth rate of [[Israeli Jews|Jews in Israel]] is 1.7% annually, and is consistently growing through [[natural population growth]] and extensive immigration.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.israelnationalnews.com/News/News.aspx/164179|title=Data: Arab Growth Slows, Still Higher than Jewish Rate|date=14 January 2013|publisher=Israel National News|access-date=6 September 2014|archive-date=26 August 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180826113031/http://www.israelnationalnews.com/News/News.aspx/164179|url-status=live}}</ref> The [[Jewish diaspora|diaspora countries]], by contrast, have low Jewish birth rates, an increasingly elderly age composition, high rates of [[Interfaith marriage in Judaism|interreligious marriage]] and a negative balance of people leaving Judaism versus those joining.<ref>{{Citation|last=DellaPergola|first=Sergio|chapter=World Jewish Population, 2015|date=2016|volume=115|pages=273–364|editor-last=Dashefsky|editor-first=Arnold|publisher=Springer International Publishing|doi=10.1007/978-3-319-24505-8_7|isbn=978-3-319-24503-4|editor2-last=Sheskin|editor2-first=Ira M.|title=American Jewish Year Book 2015}}</ref>

In 2022, the world Jewish population was estimated at 15.2 million, with the majority living in one of two countries: Israel and the United States.<ref>{{cite web|first=Judy|last=Maltz|url=https://www.haaretz.com/israel-news/2022-04-26/ty-article/world-jewish-population-totals-15-2-million-with-nearly-half-in-israel/00000180-66f6-d5ca-a986-7eff58900000|title=World Jewish Population Totals 15.2 Million – With Nearly Half in Israel|date=26 April 2022|publisher=Haaretz|access-date=26 June 2023|archive-date=26 June 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230626023319/https://www.haaretz.com/israel-news/2022-04-26/ty-article/world-jewish-population-totals-15-2-million-with-nearly-half-in-israel/00000180-66f6-d5ca-a986-7eff58900000|url-status=live}}</ref> About 46.6% of all Jews resided in [[Israel]] (6.9 million) and another 6 million Jews resided in the United States, with most of the remainder living in Europe, and other groups spread throughout Canada, Latin America, Asia, Africa, and Australia.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.timesofisrael.com/israels-jewish-population-passes-7-million-on-eve-of-rosh-hashanah/|title=Israel's Jewish population passes 7 million on eve of Rosh Hashanah|date=25 April 2022|publisher=Times of israel|access-date=26 June 2023|archive-date=26 June 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230626022400/https://www.timesofisrael.com/israels-jewish-population-passes-7-million-on-eve-of-rosh-hashanah/|url-status=live}}</ref>
Jewish demographics represent diverse historical and cultural trajectories.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Types of Jews |url=https://www.myjewishlearning.com/article/types-of-jews/ |access-date=2024-11-18 |website=My Jewish Learning |language=en-US}}</ref> [[Ashkenazi Jews]], [[Sephardic Jews]], Ethiopian Jews ([[Beta Israel]]), [[Mizrahi Jews]], and [[Romaniote Jews]], may possess unique customs and practices.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Jewish Ethnicity {{!}} People, History & Ethnic Groups |url=https://study.com/academy/lesson/jewish-ethnic-groups.html |access-date=2024-11-18 |website=study.com}}</ref>

In Israel, the classification of Jewish observance into categories like [[Haredi Judaism|Haredi]], [[Religious Zionism|Dati]], [[Masortim|Masorti]], and [[Hiloni]] was developed by sociologists and researchers studying the religious and cultural landscape of Israeli society. These distinctions emerged from surveys and studies conducted by the Israel Central Bureau of Statistics and scholars such as Shmuel Sandler, who explored how religious practices varied among different segments of the Jewish population. The categories were created to better understand the range of religious adherence, from the ultra-Orthodox Haredim to the secular Hilonim, with Dati and Masorti representing intermediary groups.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Mitchell |first=Travis |date=2016-03-08 |title=4. Religious commitment |url=https://www.pewresearch.org/religious-landscape-study/2016/03/08/religious-commitment/ |access-date=2024-11-18 |website=Pew Research Center's Religion & Public Life Project |language=en-US}}</ref>