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=== Libertinism === {{main|Libertine}} A libertine is one devoid of most moral restraints, which are seen as unnecessary or undesirable, especially one who ignores or even spurns accepted morals and forms of behaviour sanctified by the larger society.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.thefreedictionary.com/libertine|title=libertine|via=The Free Dictionary}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://wordnetweb.princeton.edu/perl/webwn?s=libertine|title=WordNet Search – 3.1|website=wordnetweb.princeton.edu}}</ref> Libertines place value on physical pleasures, meaning those experienced through the senses. As a philosophy, libertinism gained new-found adherents in the 17th, 18th, and 19th centuries, particularly in [[France]] and [[Great Britain]]. Notable among these were [[John Wilmot, 2nd Earl of Rochester]] and the [[Marquis de Sade]]. During the [[Baroque era]] in France, there existed a [[Freethought|freethinking]] circle of philosophers and intellectuals who were collectively known as ''libertinage érudit'' and which included [[Gabriel Naudé]], [[Élie Diodati]] and [[François de La Mothe Le Vayer]].<ref>{{cite book|author=René Pintard|title=Le Libertinage érudit dans la première moitié du XVIIe siècle|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=IeL29wMqdbgC&pg=PA11|access-date=24 July 2012|year=2000|publisher=Slatkine|isbn=978-2-05-101818-0|page=11}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|url=https://plato.stanford.edu/archives/win2016/entries/fideism/|title=The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy|first=Richard|last=Amesbury|chapter=Fideism |editor-first=Edward N.|editor-last=Zalta|date=1 January 2016|publisher=Metaphysics Research Lab, Stanford University|via=Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy}}</ref> The critic [[Vivian de Sola Pinto]] linked [[John Wilmot, 2nd Earl of Rochester]]'s libertinism to [[Hobbesian]] [[materialism]].<ref name=autogenerated2>{{Cite web|url=https://archive.nytimes.com/www.nytimes.com/books/00/02/20/specials/greene-monkey.html|title=A Martyr to Sin|website=archive.nytimes.com}}</ref>
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