Editing Income (section)

==Income and health==
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| image1= 20241113 Homicide rates vs gross national income per person, by country.svg |caption1= National homicide rates are generally lower in countries with higher gross national income (GNI) per person.<ref name=HomicideVsIncome>● Homicide data from {{cite web |author1=United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC) |title=Homicide rate, 2023 / Annual number of deaths from homicide per 100,000 people |url=https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/homicide-rate-unodc?tab=table |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241113181658/https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/homicide-rate-unodc?tab=table |archive-date=13 November 2024 |date=2024 |quote=Data source: United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (2024) |url-status=live}}<br>● Income data from {{cite web |author1=United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) |title=Gross national income (GNI) per capita |url=https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/gross-national-income-per-capita-undp?tab=table |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241113182218/https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/gross-national-income-per-capita-undp?tab=table |archive-date=13 November 2024 |date=2024 |url-status=live |quote=Data source: UNDP, Human Development Report (2024)}}</ref>
| image2= 202411245 Homicide rate vs median disposable household income, by country.svg |caption2= Homicide rates show a stronger correlation with ''median'' personal income than for gross national income per person, as GNI is skewed toward extremely wealthy individual persons.<ref>● Homicide data from {{cite web |author1= United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC) |title=Homicide rate, 2023 / Annual number of deaths from homicide per 100,000 people |url=https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/homicide-rate-unodc?tab=table |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241113181658/https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/homicide-rate-unodc?tab=table |archive-date=13 November 2024 |date=2024 |quote=Data source: United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (2024) |url-status=live}}<br>● Income data from {{cite web |author1=Luxembourg Income Study |title=Median income (after tax), 1963 to 2022 |url=https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/median-income-after-tax-lis |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240923112231/https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/median-income-after-tax-lis |archive-date=23 September 2024 |date=2024 |quote= This data is adjusted for inflation and for differences in the cost of living between countries. Income here is measured after taxes and benefits. – Data source: Luxembourg Income Study (2024) – This data is measured in international-$ at 2017 prices. Income has been equivalized. |url-status=live}}</ref>
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A landmark [[systematic review]] from [[Harvard University]] researchers in the [[Cochrane Collaboration]] found that income given in the form of [[unconditional cash transfers]] leads to reductions in disease, improvements in food security and dietary diversity, increases in children's school attendance, decreases in extreme poverty, and higher health care spending.<ref name="doi10.1002/14651858.CD011135.pub2">{{cite journal |title=Unconditional cash transfers for reducing poverty and vulnerabilities: effect on use of health services and health outcomes in low- and middle-income countries |journal=Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews |volume=11 |pages=CD011135 |year=2017 |doi= 10.1002/14651858.CD011135.pub2 |last1=Pega |first1=Frank |last2=Liu |first2=Sze |last3=Walter |first3=Stefan  |last4=Pabayo |first4=Roman |last5=Saith |first5=Ruhi |last6=Lhachimi |first6=Stefan |issue=4 |pmc=6486161 |pmid=29139110 }}</ref><ref name="doi10.1002/14651858.CD011135.pub3">{{cite journal |title=Unconditional cash transfers for reducing poverty and vulnerabilities: effect on use of health services and health outcomes in low- and middle-income countries |journal=Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews |volume=2022 |pages=CD011135 |year=2022 |doi= 10.1002/14651858.CD011135.pub3 |last1=Pega |first1=Frank |last2=Pabayo |first2=Roman |last3=Benny |first3=Claire |last4=Lee |first4=Eun-Young |last5=Lhachimi |first5=Stefan |last6=Liu |first6=Sze |issue=3 |pmid=35348196 |pmc=8962215 }}</ref>

The Health Foundation published an analysis where people on the lower income spectrum were more likely to describe their health negatively. Higher income was associated with self-reported better health.<ref>The Health Foundation. (n.d.). Relationship between income and health - The Health Foundation. In ''The Health Foundation''. <nowiki>https://www.health.org.uk/evidence-hub/money-and-resources/income/relationship-between-income-and-health</nowiki></ref> Another study found that “an increase in household income of £1,000 is associated with a 3.6 month increase in life expectancy for both men and women.”<ref>The Health Foundation. (n.d.). Relationship between income and life expectancy by neighbourhood - The Health Foundation. In ''The Health Foundation''. <nowiki>https://www.health.org.uk/evidence-hub/money-and-resources/income/relationship-between-income-and-healthy-life-expectancy-by-neighbourhood</nowiki></ref>

A study by a Professor of Epidemiology Michael G Marmot found argues that there are two ways which could explain a positive correlation between income and health: the ability to afford goods and services necessary for biological survival, and the ability to influence life circumstances.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Marmot |first=Michael |date=2002 |title=The influence of income on health: views of an epidemiologist |url=http://www.healthaffairs.org/doi/10.1377/hlthaff.21.2.31 |journal=Health Affairs |language=en |volume=21 |issue=2 |pages=31–46 |doi=10.1377/hlthaff.21.2.31|pmid=11900185 }}</ref>

Russell Ecob and George Davey Smith found that there is a relationship between income and a number of health measures. Greater household equivalised income is associated with better health indicators such as height, waist–hip ratio, respiratory function, malaise, limiting long-term illness.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Ecob |first1=Russell |last2=Davey Smith |first2=George |date=1999 |title=Income and health: what is the nature of the relationship? |url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0277953698003852 |journal=Social Science & Medicine |volume=48 |issue=5 |pages=693–705 |doi=10.1016/S0277-9536(98)00385-2|pmid=10080369 }}</ref>