Editing Hydrogen peroxide (section)

===Production===
The aerobic oxidation of [[glucose]] in the presence of the enzyme [[glucose oxidase]] produces hydrogen peroxide. The conversion affords [[gluconolactone]]:<ref>{{cite journal |doi=10.1007/s00253-008-1407-4 |title=Glucose oxidase: Natural Occurrence, Function, Properties and Industrial Applications |date=2008 |last1=Wong |first1=Chun Ming |last2=Wong |first2=Kwun Hei |last3=Chen |first3=Xiao Dong |journal=Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology |volume=78 |issue=6 |pages=927–938 |pmid=18330562 |s2cid=2246466}}</ref>
:{{chem2|C6H12O6 + O2 -> C6H10O6 + H2O2}}

[[Superoxide dismutase]]s (SOD)s are [[enzyme]]s that promote the [[disproportionation]] of [[superoxide]] into [[oxygen]] and hydrogen peroxide.<ref>Löffler G. and Petrides, P. E. ''Physiologische Chemie''. 4 ed., pp. 321–322, Springer, Berlin 1988, {{ISBN|3-540-18163-6}} (in German)</ref>

:{{chem2| 2 O2- + 2 H+ -> O2 + H2O2 }}
:{{chem2| 2 H2O2 -> O2 + 2 H2O }}

[[Peroxisome]]s are [[organelle]]s found in virtually all [[eukaryotic]] cells.<ref name="pmid20124343">{{cite journal |vauthors = Gabaldón T |title = Peroxisome diversity and evolution |journal = Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological Sciences |volume = 365 |issue = 1541 |pages = 765–773 |date = March 2010 |pmid = 20124343 |pmc = 2817229 |doi = 10.1098/rstb.2009.0240}}</ref> They are involved in the [[catabolism]] of [[very long chain fatty acid]]s, [[Branched-chain-fatty-acid kinase|branched chain fatty acids]], [[D-amino acid|<small>D</small>-amino acids]], [[polyamine]]s, and biosynthesis of [[plasmalogens]] and [[ether phospholipid]]s, which are found in mammalian brains and lungs.<ref name="pmid16756494">{{cite journal |vauthors = Wanders RJ, Waterham HR |title = Biochemistry of mammalian peroxisomes revisited |journal = Annual Review of Biochemistry |volume = 75 |issue = 1 |pages = 295–332 |year = 2006 |pmid = 16756494 |doi = 10.1146/annurev.biochem.74.082803.133329}}</ref> They produce hydrogen peroxide in a process catalyzed by [[flavin adenine dinucleotide]] (FAD):<ref>{{cite book |vauthors = Nelson D, Cox C, Lehninger AL, Cox MM |url = https://books.google.com/books?id=wuLQCAOtC4MC&pg=PA663 |title = Lehninger Biochemie |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20170228175147/https://books.google.com/books?id=wuLQCAOtC4MC&pg=PA663 |archive-date = 28 February 2017 |pages = 663–4 |publisher = Springer |date = 2001 |isbn = 3-540-41813-X |language = German}}</ref>

:{{chem2| R\-CH2\-CH2\-CO\-SCoA + O2 }}<chem>->[\ce{FAD}]</chem> {{chem2| R\-CH\dCH\-CO\-SCoA + H2O2 }}

Hydrogen peroxide arises by the degradation of [[adenosine monophosphate]], which yields [[hypoxanthine]]. Hypoxanthine is then oxidatively [[catabolism|catabolized]] first to [[xanthine]] and then to [[uric acid]], and the reaction is catalyzed by the enzyme [[xanthine oxidase]]:<ref name="lehninger932">Nelson, David; Cox, Michael; Lehninger, Albert L. and Cox, Michael M. [https://books.google.com/books?id=wuLQCAOtC4MC&pg=PA932 Lehninger Biochemie], p. 932, Springer, 2001, {{ISBN|3-540-41813-X}} (in German)</ref>

{{Image frame
|align=center
| content={{Biochem reaction subunit
|compound=Hypoxanthine
|class=skin-invert-image
|image=Hypoxanthin.svg}}
{{Biochem reaction subunit
|enzyme=Xanthine oxidase
|for_subst={{H2O-nl}}, {{chem2|O2}}
|for_prod={{chem2|H2O2}}}}
{{Biochem reaction subunit
|compound=Xanthine
|class=skin-invert-image
|image=Xanthin.svg}}
{{Biochem reaction subunit
|enzyme=Xanthine oxidase
|for_subst={{H2O-nl}}, {{chem2|O2}}
|for_prod={{chem2|H2O2}}}}
{{Biochem reaction subunit
|compound=Uric acid
|class=skin-invert-image
|image=Harnsäure Ketoform.svg
|imagesize=120px}}
|caption=Degradation of hypoxanthine through xanthine to uric acid to form hydrogen peroxide
|width=600}}

The degradation of [[guanosine monophosphate]] yields xanthine as an intermediate product which is then converted in the same way to uric acid with the formation of hydrogen peroxide.<ref name="lehninger932" />