Editing Holocaust denial (section)

===Zündel trials===
{{See also|Leuchter report}}
The Toronto-based photo retoucher [[Ernst Zündel]] operated a small-press called [[Samisdat Publishers]], which published and distributed Holocaust-denial material such as ''[[Did Six Million Really Die?]]'' by Richard Harwood (a pseudonym of [[Richard Verrall (political writer)|Richard Verrall]]&nbsp;– a British neo-Nazi). In 1985, he was tried in ''[[R. v. Zundel]]'' and convicted under a "false news" law and sentenced to 15 months imprisonment by an [[Ontario]] court for "disseminating and publishing material denying the Holocaust".<ref name="Zundelcourt">{{cite court |litigants=R. v. Zundel |vol= |reporter= |opinion= |pinpoint= |court= |date=August 27, 1992 |url=http://scc.lexum.umontreal.ca/en/1992/1992rcs2-731/1992rcs2-731.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071012161758/http://scc.lexum.umontreal.ca/en/1992/1992rcs2-731/1992rcs2-731.html |url-status=dead}}</ref> The Holocaust historian [[Raul Hilberg]] was a witness for the prosecution at the 1985 trial. Zündel's conviction was overturned in an appeal on a legal technicality, leading to a second trial in 1988, in which he was again convicted. The 1988 trial included, as witnesses for the defense, [[Fred A. Leuchter]], [[David Irving]] and [[Robert Faurisson]]. The pseudo-scientific [[Leuchter report]] was presented as a defense document and was published in Canada in 1988 by Zundel's Samisdat Publishers, and in Britain in 1989 by Irving's Focal Point Publishing. In both of his trials, Zündel was defended by [[Doug Christie (lawyer)|Douglas Christie]] and [[Barbara Kulaszka]]. His conviction was overturned in 1992 when the Supreme Court of Canada declared the "false news" law unconstitutional.{{R|Zundelcourt}}

Zündel had a website, web-mastered by his wife Ingrid, which publicized his viewpoints.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.zundelsite.org/ |title=Zundelsite |website=www.zundelsite.org |access-date=June 27, 2007 |archive-date=December 21, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211221092253/http://www.zundelsite.org/ |url-status=live}}{{title missing|date=May 2022}}</ref> In January 2002, the [[Canadian Human Rights Commission|Canadian Human Rights Tribunal]] delivered a ruling in a complaint involving his website, in which it was found to be contravening the [[Canadian Human Rights Act]]. The court ordered Zündel to cease communicating hate messages. In February 2003, the American [[Immigration and Naturalization Service|INS]] arrested him in [[Tennessee]], US, on an immigration violations matter, and few days later, Zündel was sent back to Canada, where he tried to gain refugee status. Zündel remained in prison until March 1, 2005, when he was deported to Germany and prosecuted for disseminating hate propaganda. On February 15, 2007, Zündel was convicted on 14 counts of incitement under Germany's ''[[Volksverhetzung]]'' law, which bans the incitement of hatred against a portion of the population and given the maximum sentence of five years in prison.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.canada.com/topics/news/world/story.html?id=c61ce061-50b2-42a5-bb2f-a7bbaecccceb&k=32537 |title=German court sentences Ernst Zundel to 5 years in prison for Holocaust denial |agency=The Canadian Press |publisher=canada.com|date=February 15, 2007 |access-date=February 15, 2007 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070929104434/http://www.canada.com/topics/news/world/story.html?id=c61ce061-50b2-42a5-bb2f-a7bbaecccceb&k=32537 |archive-date=September 29, 2007}}</ref>