Editing History of science (section)

==== Politics and state ====
An ancient Indian treatise on [[Public administration|statecraft]], [[economics|economic]] policy and [[military strategy]] by Kautilya<ref>{{cite journal | first=I.W. | last=Mabbett | date=1 April 1964| title=The Date of the Arthaśāstra | journal=Journal of the American Oriental Society | volume=84 | issue=2 | pages=162–169 | doi=10.2307/597102 | jstor=597102 }}<br />{{cite book | last=Trautmann | first=Thomas R. | author-link=Thomas Trautmann | title={{IAST|Kauṭilya}} and the Arthaśāstra: A Statistical Investigation of the Authorship and Evolution of the Text | year=1971 | publisher=Brill | pages=10 | quote =while in his character as author of an ''arthaśāstra'' he is generally referred to by his ''[[gotra]]'' name, {{IAST|Kauṭilya}}.}}</ref> and {{IAST|Viṣhṇugupta}},<ref>Mabbett 1964<br />Trautmann 1971:5 "the very last verse of the work...is the unique instance of the personal name {{IAST|Viṣṇugupta}} rather than the ''[[gotra]]'' name {{IAST|Kauṭilya}} in the ''Arthaśāstra''.</ref> who are traditionally identified with [[Chanakya|{{IAST|Chāṇakya}}]] (c. 350–283 BCE). In this treatise, the behaviors and relationships of the people, the King, the State, the Government Superintendents, Courtiers, Enemies, Invaders, and Corporations are analyzed and documented. [[Roger Boesche]] describes the ''[[Arthashastra|Arthaśāstra]]'' as "a book of political realism, a book analyzing how the political world does work and not very often stating how it ought to work, a book that frequently discloses to a king what calculating and sometimes brutal measures he must carry out to preserve the state and the common good."<ref>{{cite book| author-link= Roger Boesche | last=Boesche | first=Roger | title=The First Great Political Realist: Kautilya and His Arthashastra | year=2002 | publisher=Lexington Books | isbn=978-0-7391-0401-9 | page=17}}</ref>