Editing Germanic peoples (section)

====Early Migration Period (before 375–420)====
The [[Greuthungi]], a Gothic group in modern Ukraine under the rule of [[Ermanaric]], were among the first peoples attacked by the Huns, apparently facing Hunnic pressure for some years.{{sfn|Heather|1996|p=101}} Following Ermanaric's death, the Greuthungi's resistance broke and they moved toward the [[Dniester]] river.{{sfn|Heather|1996|pp=98–100}} A second Gothic group, the [[Tervingi]] under King [[Athanaric]], constructed a [[Athanaric's Wall|defensive earthwork]] against the Huns near the Dniester.{{sfn|Todd|1999|p=143}} However, these measures did not stop the Huns and the majority of the Tervingi abandoned Athanaric; they subsequently fled—accompanied by a contingent of Greuthungi—to the Danube in 376, seeking asylum in the Roman Empire.{{sfn|Heather|1996|p=100}} The emperor [[Valens]] chose only to admit the Tervingi, who were settled in the Roman provinces of [[Thracia|Thrace]] and [[Moesia]].{{sfn|Todd|1999|p=143}}{{sfn|Heather|1996|p=131}}

Due to mistreatment by the Romans, the Tervingi revolted in 377, starting the [[Gothic War (376-382)|Gothic War]], joined by the Greuthungi.{{sfn|Heather|1996|pp=131–132}}{{sfn|Todd|1999|p=143}}{{efn|During the initial stage of the conflict between the Romans and the Tervingi, the Greuthungi had crossed the Danube into the Empire.{{sfn|Goldsworthy|2009b|p=252}} }} The Goths and their allies defeated the Romans first at [[Marcianople]], then defeated and killed emperor Valens in the [[Battle of Adrianople]] in 378, destroying two-thirds of Valens' army.{{sfn|Halsall|2007|pp=176–178}}{{sfn|Wolfram|1997|pp=79–87}} Following further fighting, peace was negotiated in 382, granting the Goths considerable autonomy within the Roman Empire.{{sfn|Heather|1996|pp=135–137}} However, these Goths—who would be known as the [[Visigoths]]—revolted several more times,{{sfn|Heather|1996|pp=138–139}} finally coming to be ruled by [[Alaric I|Alaric]].{{sfn|Todd|1999|p=145}} In 397, the disunited eastern Empire submitted to some of his demands, possibly giving him control over [[Epirus]].{{sfn|Heather|1996|pp=143–144}} In the aftermath of the large-scale Gothic entries into the empire, the Franks and Alemanni became more secure in their positions in 395, when [[Stilicho]], the barbarian generalissimo who held power in the western Empire, made agreements with them.{{sfn|Halsall|2007|p=199}}

[[File:Stilicho.jpg|thumb|A replica of an ivory [[diptych]] probably depicting [[Stilicho]] (on the right), the son of a [[Vandal]] father and a Roman mother, who became the most powerful man in the Western Roman Empire from 395 to 408&nbsp;CE{{sfn|Todd|1999|p=61}}{{sfn|Wolfram|1997|p=89}}]]
In 401, Alaric invaded Italy, coming to an understanding with Stilicho in 404/5.{{sfn|Todd|1999|pp=145–146}} This agreement allowed Stilicho to fight against the force of [[Radagaisus]], who had crossed the Middle Danube in 405/6 and invaded Italy, only to be defeated outside Florence.{{sfn|Heather|2009|p=182}} That same year, a large force of Vandals, Suevi, Alans, and Burgundians [[Crossing of the Rhine|crossed the Rhine]], fighting the Franks but facing no Roman resistance.{{sfn|Halsall|2007|p=211}} In 409, the Suevi, Vandals, and Alans crossing the Pyrenees into Spain, where they took possession of the northern part of the peninsula.{{sfn|Todd|1999|p=172}} The Burgundians seized the land around modern [[Speyer]], [[Worms (city)|Worms]], and Strasbourg, territory that was recognized by the Roman Emperor [[Honorius (emperor)|Honorius]].{{sfn|Todd|1999|p=197}} When Stilicho fell from power in 408, Alaric invaded Italy again and eventually [[Sack of Rome (410)|sacked Rome]] in 410; Alaric died shortly thereafter.{{sfn|Heather|1996|pp=147–148}} The Visigoths withdrew into Gaul where they faced a power struggle until the succession of [[Wallia]] in 415 and his son [[Theodoric I]] in 417/18.{{sfn|Heather|1996|pp=147–149}} Following successful campaigns against them by the Roman emperor [[Constantius III|Flavius Constantius]], the Visigoths were settled as Roman allies in Gaul between modern Toulouse and Bourdeaux.{{sfn|Heather|1996|p=150}}{{sfn|Halsall|2007|pp=228–230}}

Other Goths, including those of Athanaric, continued to live outside the empire, with three groups crossing into the Roman territory after the Tervingi.{{sfn|Heather|1996|pp=102–103}} The Huns gradually conquered Gothic groups north of the Danube, of which at least six are known, from 376 to 400. [[Crimean Goths|Those in Crimea]] may never have been conquered.{{sfn|Heather|1996|pp=111–112}} The [[Gepids]] also formed an important Germanic people under Hunnic rule; the Huns had largely conquered them by 406.{{sfn|Todd|1999|p=223}} One Gothic group under Hunnic domination was ruled by the [[Amal dynasty]], who would form the core of the [[Ostrogoths]].{{sfn|Heather|1996|pp=113–114}} The situation outside the Roman empire in 410s and 420s is poorly attested, but it is clear that the Huns continued to spread their influence onto the middle Danube.{{sfn|Goffart|2006|p=109}}