Editing Figure skating (section)

===ISU Judging System===
{{Main|ISU Judging System}}

In 2004, in response to the [[2002 Olympic Winter Games figure skating scandal|judging controversy]] during the [[2002 Winter Olympics]], the ISU adopted the International Judging System (IJS), which became mandatory at all international competitions in 2006, including the [[2006 Winter Olympics]]. The new system is sometimes informally referred to as the ''Code of Points'', however, the ISU has never used the term to describe their system in any of their official communications.

Under the IJS, points are awarded individually for each skating element, and the sum of these points is the ''total element score'' (TES). Competitive programs are constrained to include a set number of elements. Each element is judged first by a technical specialist who identifies the specific element and determines its ''base value''. This is done using instant replay video to verify features that distinguish different elements; e.g. the exact foot position at take-off and landing of a jump. A panel of nine judges then each award a mark for the quality and execution of the element. This mark, called the ''grade of execution'' (GOE), is an integer with a minimum value of −5 and a maximum value of +5.<ref name=isu2168/> The GOE mark is then translated into another value by using the table of values in ISU rule 322. The GOE value from the nine judges is then processed with a computerized random selection of nine judges, the highest and lowest values are then discarded, and finally the average of the remaining seven is calculated. This average value is then added to (or subtracted from) the base value to determine the total value for the element.<ref name=judging/>

Note: The IJS previously used a GOE scale of −3 to +3, but this was changed for the [[2018–19 figure skating season|2018–19 season]].<ref name="isu2089" />

The ''program components score'' (PCS) awards points to holistic aspects of a program or other nuances that are not rewarded in the ''total element score''. The components are:

:* '''''Composition ''''': This evaluates how the program is designed in relation to the music; how are the different elements connected; how is the available space used; how does the choreography reflect musical phrase and form?

:* '''''Presentation''''': This evaluates how the program is performed; what does the skater express and project; what energy is created; what is the musical sensitivity and timing; for Pair, Ice Dance and Synchronized skating is the skating appropriately synchronized and showing awareness of space?

:* '''''Skating skills''''': This mark assesses the skater's command of the blade over the ice, including the ability to skate with power and ease. The judges look at variety and clarity of edges, balance, body control, turns, steps, flow, power and speed.<ref name="ISU Media Guide 23-24">{{cite web | title=ISU Figure Skating Media Guide 2023/24 | url=https://www.isu.org/media-centre/guides/media/32039-figure-skating-media-guide-2023-24/file | date=20 September 2023 | access-date=12 October 2023 | archive-date=December 9, 2023 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231209012313/https://www.isu.org/media-centre/guides/media/32039-figure-skating-media-guide-2023-24/file | url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="US Rulebook 22-23">{{cite web| title= THE 2023-24 OFFICIAL U.S. FIGURE SKATING RULEBOOK| url= https://www.usfigureskating.org/sites/default/files/media-files/2023-24%20Rulebook.pdf| access-date= 2023-09-19| archive-date= September 28, 2023| archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20230928020928/https://www.usfigureskating.org/sites/default/files/media-files/2023-24%20Rulebook.pdf| url-status= live}}</ref>

A detailed description of each component is given in ISU rule 322.2. Judges award each component a raw mark from 0 to 10 in increments of 0.25, with a mark of 5 being defined as "average". For each separate component, the raw marks are then selected, trimmed, and averaged in a manner akin to determining a ''grade of execution''. The trimmed mean scores are then translated into a factored mark by multiplying by a factor that depends on the discipline, competition segment, and level. Then the five (or four) factored marks are added to give the final PCS score.

The ''total element score'' and the ''program components score'' are added to give the total score for a competition segment (TSS). A skater's final placement is determined by the total of their scores in all segments of a competition. No ordinal rankings are used to determine the final results.