Editing Federal Bureau of Investigation (section)

=== September 11 attacks ===
[[File:9-11 Pentagon Emergency Response 3.jpg|thumb|September 11 attacks at the Pentagon]]
During the [[September 11 attacks|September 11, 2001, attacks]] on the [[World Trade Center (1973–2001)|World Trade Center]], FBI agent [[Leonard W. Hatton Jr.]] was killed during the rescue effort while helping the rescue personnel evacuate the occupants of the South Tower, and he stayed when it collapsed. Within months after the attacks, FBI Director [[Robert Mueller]], who had been sworn in a week before the attacks, called for a re-engineering of FBI structure and operations. He made countering every federal crime a top priority, including the prevention of terrorism, countering foreign intelligence operations, addressing cybersecurity threats, other high-tech crimes, protecting civil rights, combating public corruption, organized crime, white-collar crime, and major acts of violent crime.<ref name="history_current">{{cite web |url=https://www.fbi.gov/libref/historic/history/changeman.htm |title=Change of Mandate |publisher=Federal Bureau of Investigation |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150106195636/http://www2.fbi.gov/libref/historic/history/changeman.htm |archive-date=January 6, 2015}}</ref>

In February 2001, [[Robert Hanssen]] was caught selling information to the Russian government. It was later learned that Hanssen, who had reached a high position within the FBI, had been selling intelligence since as early as 1979. He pleaded guilty to [[espionage]] and received a [[Life imprisonment|life sentence]] in 2002, but the incident led many to question the security practices employed by the FBI. There was also a claim that Hanssen might have contributed information that led to the September 11, 2001, attacks.<ref name="9_11">{{cite web |url=http://www.dailytimes.com.pk |title=Osama access to state secrets helped 9/11 |work=[[Daily Times (Pakistan)|Daily Times]] |publisher=Computer Crime Research Center |access-date=June 6, 2006 |last=Seper |first=Jerry |archive-date=June 8, 2006 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060608124653/http://www.dailytimes.com.pk/ |url-status=live}}</ref>

The [[9/11 Commission]]'s final report on July 22, 2004, stated that the FBI and [[Central Intelligence Agency]] (CIA) were both partially to blame for not pursuing intelligence reports that could have prevented the September 11 attacks. In its most damning assessment, the report concluded that the country had "not been well served" by either agency and listed numerous recommendations for changes within the FBI.<ref name="abc">{{cite web |url=http://www.abc.net.au/am/content/2004/s1160100.htm |title=9/11 Commission finds 'deep institutional failings' |publisher=ABC Au |last=Shovelan |first=John |date=June 23, 2004 |access-date=June 6, 2006 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060221224609/http://www.abc.net.au/am/content/2004/s1160100.htm |archive-date=February 21, 2006}}</ref> While the FBI did accede to most of the recommendations, including oversight by the new [[director of National Intelligence]], some former members of the 9/11 Commission publicly criticized the FBI in October 2005, claiming it was resisting any meaningful changes.<ref name="cbsnews">{{cite news |url=https://www.cbsnews.com/news/ex-fbi-chief-on-clintons-scandals/ |title=Ex-FBI Chief On Clinton's Scandals |work=CBS News |date=October 6, 2004 |access-date=June 6, 2006 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060614142823/http://www.cbsnews.com/stories/2005/10/06/60minutes/main923095.shtml |archive-date=June 14, 2006}}</ref>

On July 8, 2007, ''[[The Washington Post]]'' published excerpts from [[University of California, Los Angeles|UCLA]] Professor Amy Zegart's book ''Spying Blind: The CIA, the FBI, and the Origins of 9/11''.<ref name="cis">{{cite web |url=http://faculty.spa.ucla.edu/zegart/tableofcontent.asp |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071013114822/http://faculty.spa.ucla.edu/zegart/tableofcontent.asp |archive-date=October 13, 2007 |title=Spying Blind |publisher=Princeton University Press |access-date=July 8, 2007 |last=Zegart |first=Amy |date=September 1, 2007}}</ref> The ''Post'' reported, from Zegart's book, that government documents showed that both the CIA and the FBI had missed 23 potential chances to disrupt the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001. The primary reasons for the failures included: agency cultures resistant to change and new ideas; inappropriate incentives for promotion; and a lack of cooperation between the FBI, CIA, and the rest of the [[United States Intelligence Community]]. The book blamed the FBI's decentralized structure, which prevented effective communication and cooperation among different FBI offices. The book suggested that the FBI had not evolved into an effective counter-terrorism or counter-intelligence agency, due in large part to deeply ingrained agency cultural resistance to change. For example, FBI personnel practices continued to treat all staff other than special agents as support staff, classifying [[intelligence analysis|intelligence analysts]] alongside the FBI's auto mechanics and janitors.<ref name="wpz">{{cite news |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2007/07/06/AR2007070602004.html |title=Our Clueless Intelligence System |newspaper=The Washington Post |access-date=July 8, 2007 |last=Zegart |first=Amy |date=July 8, 2007 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070713075345/http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2007/07/06/AR2007070602004.html |archive-date=July 13, 2007}}</ref>