Editing Eurocentrism (section)

=== Brazil ===
The beauty ideal for females in Brazil is the {{lang|pt-BR|morena}}; a mixed-race brown woman who is supposed to represent the best characteristics of every racial group in Brazil.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Liebelt |first1=Claudia |last2=Böllinger |first2=Sarah |last3=Vierke |first3=Ulf |title=Beauty and the Norm: Debating Standardization in Bodily Appearance |date=24 August 2018 |publisher=Springer |isbn=978-3-319-91174-8 |page=229 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=MMFqDwAAQBAJ&dq=mixed+race+beauty+ideal+brazil&pg=PA229}} "In Brazil and Jamaica, national discourses of race mixture shaped alternative beauty ideals. For example, the ''morena'' (mixed race brown woman) is the quit-essential icon of a longstanding ideology of racial democracy in Brazil, portrayed in eroticized images of carnival, samba, and football. The ''morena'' supposedly embodies the positive characteristics of each race in Brazil."</ref> According to Alexander Edmond's book ''Pretty Modern: Beauty, Sex, and Plastic Surgery in Brazil'', whiteness plays a role in Latin American, specifically Brazilian, beauty standards, but it is not necessarily distinguished based on skin colour.<ref name="Edmonds 2010 142">{{Cite book|title=Pretty Modern: Beauty, Sex, and Plastic Surgery in Brazil|last=Edmonds|first=Alexander|publisher=Duke University Press|year=2010|page=142}}</ref> Edmonds said the main ways to define whiteness in people in Brazil is by looking at their hair, nose, then mouth before considering skin colour.<ref name="Edmonds 2010 142"/> Edmonds focuses on the popularity of plastic surgery in Brazilian culture. Plastic surgeons usually applaud and flatter mixtures when emulating aesthetics for performing surgery, and the more popular mixture is African and European.<ref>{{Cite book|title=Pretty Modern: Beauty, Sex, and Plastic Surgery in Brazil|last=Edmonds|first=Alexander|publisher=Duke University Press|year=2010|page=141}}</ref> This shapes beauty standards by racialising biological and popular beauty ideals to suggest that mixture with whiteness is better.<ref name="Edmonds 2010 142"/> Donna Goldstein's book ''Laughter Out of Place: Race, Class, Violence, and Sexuality in a Rio Shantytown'' also addresses how whiteness influences beauty in Brazil. Goldstein notes that in Brazil, there is a hierarchy for beauty that places being mixed race at the top and pure, un-admixed black characteristics at the bottom, calling them ugly.<ref name=":0">{{Cite book|title=Laughter Out of Place: Race, Class, Violence, and Sexuality in a Rio Shantytown|last=Goldstein|first=Donna|publisher=University of California Press|year=2013|page=133}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=Vartabedian |first1=Julieta |title=Brazilian 'Travesti' Migrations: Gender, Sexualities and Embodiment Experiences |date=22 May 2018 |publisher=Springer |isbn=978-3-319-77101-4 |page=77 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_rVcDwAAQBAJ&dq=white+women+unattractive+in+brazil&pg=PA77}} "A purely African appearance with no mixture of white characteristics is perceived as ugly in Brazil (Goldstein 2003; Wade 2009)."{{incomplete short citation|date=August 2024}}</ref>

In Erica Lorraine William's ''Sex Tourism in Bahia: Ambiguous Entanglements'', Williams notes that there is no Eurocentric beauty ideal for women in Brazil.<ref name=":1">{{cite book | last=Williams | first=E. L.| title=Sex Tourism in Bahia: Ambiguous Entanglements | publisher=University of Illinois Press | series=NWSA / UIP First Book Prize | year=2013 | isbn=978-0-252-09519-1 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=cbYPBAAAQBAJ&pg=PA46 | access-date=2024-02-02 |pages=45–46|quote=Salvador's white Brazilian women are conscious that they are not foreign tourists' preferred object of desire. One white Brazilian woman commented, 'Gringos don't even look at me. They look at any black woman.' Fabiana, the white cofounder and lead organizer of Aprosba, told me that at the age of forty, she no longers does programas with tourists because 'they prefer younger women and Black and Mestiza women.' She also said that when she used to go with groups of sex workers to the ships that were docked at the port, there were around twenty mesticas and five white women, a ratio that indicates the preferred – though not exclusive – objects of desire for foreign ship workers.}}</ref> White Brazilian women are aware that foreign male sex tourists are not interested in them, and that they prefer brown and black women over white Brazilian women.<ref name=":1" /> One white woman in Brazil complained that she is not noticed by "[[Gringo|gringos]]" and that they prefer black and [[Mestiza]] women for sexual liaisons.<ref name=":1" />