Editing Ellesmere Island (section)

==Population==
[[File:Ellesmere Island 01.jpg|thumb|Aerial view of [[Eureka, Nunavut|Eureka]], June&nbsp;1988|upright]]
All groups occupying the island settled on the coast, particularly those relying on maritime resources, while modern-era government-funded settlements were initially supplied by sea.{{r|"Dick"|p=16}}

In 2021, the population of Ellesmere Island was recorded as 144. There are three settlements on Ellesmere Island: [[Alert, Nunavut|Alert]] (permanent pop. 0, but home to a small temporary population), [[Eureka, Nunavut|Eureka]] (permanent pop. 0), and [[Grise Fiord]] (pop. 144).<ref name=2021census/> Politically, it is part of the [[Qikiqtaaluk Region]]. Part of the year there are also [[Parks Canada]] staff stationed at [[Camp Hazen]] and [[Tanquary Fiord Airport]].

=== Alert ===
[[CFS Alert|Canadian Forces Station (CFS) Alert]] is the [[Northernmost settlements|northernmost continuously inhabited settlement]] in the world.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Struzik |first1=Edward |title=Alert |url=https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/alert |website=The Canadian Encyclopedia |access-date=24 April 2022 |archive-date=21 December 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211221142748/https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/alert |url-status=live }}</ref> With the end of the [[Cold War]] and the advent of new technologies allowing for remote interpretation of data, the overwintering population has been reduced to 62 civilians and military personnel as of 2016.

=== Eureka ===
Eureka (the third northernmost settlement in the world) consists of three areas: [[Eureka Aerodrome]], which includes Fort Eureka (the quarters for military personnel maintaining the island's communications equipment); the [[Environment and Climate Change Canada|Environment Canada]] Weather Station; and the Polar Environment Atmospheric Research Laboratory (PEARL), formerly the Arctic Stratospheric Ozone (AStrO) Observatory. Eureka has the lowest average annual temperature and least precipitation of any weather station in Canada.

=== Grise Fiord ===
[[File:Life size monument.jpg|thumb|Monument to the first Inuit settlers relocated to [[Grise Fiord]] in 1952–55. This was during Canada's controversial [[High Arctic relocation]] program<ref>{{cite book|url=https://data2.archives.ca/rcap/pdf/rcap-458.pdf |title=The High Arctic Relocation |date=1994 |access-date=30 November 2024| page=iv |author=[[Royal Commission on Aboriginal Peoples]] | publisher=[[Minister of Supply and Services|Minister of Supply and Services Canada]]}}</ref> |upright]]
[[Grise Fiord]] ([[Inuktitut language|Inuktitut]]: {{Lang|iu|ᐊᐅᔪᐃᑦᑐᖅ}}, [[Romanization of Inuktitut|Romanized]]: {{Lang|iu-Latn|Aujuittuq}}, <small>[[Literal translation|lit.]] "</small>place that never thaws") is an [[Inuit]] hamlet that, despite a population of only 144,<ref name=2021census/> is the largest community on Ellesmere Island.

Located at the southern tip of Ellesmere Island, Grise Fiord lies {{cvt|1,160|km}} north of the [[Arctic Circle]]. Grise Fiord is the [[Northernmost settlements|northernmost civilian settlement]] in Canada. It is also one of the coldest inhabited places in the world, with an average yearly temperature of {{cvt|−16.5|C}}.

Grise Fiord is cradled by the [[Arctic Cordillera]] mountain range.