Editing Electromagnet (section)

=== Superconducting electromagnets ===
[[Image:Small small IMG 0836.jpg|thumb|Figure 2. The most powerful electromagnet in the world, the 45&nbsp;T hybrid Bitter-superconducting magnet at the US National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Tallahassee, Florida, USA]]

{{main|Superconducting magnet}}
When a magnetic field higher than the ferromagnetic limit of 1.6&nbsp;T is needed, [[Superconducting magnet|superconducting electromagnets]] can be used. Instead of using ferromagnetic materials, these use [[Superconductivity|superconducting]] windings cooled with [[liquid helium]], which conduct current without [[electrical resistance]]. These allow enormous currents to flow, which generate intense magnetic fields. Superconducting magnets are limited by the field strength at which the winding material ceases to be superconducting. Current designs are limited to 10–20&nbsp;T, with the current (2017) record of 32&nbsp;T.<ref name="nationalmaglab">{{cite web
 |title       = 32 Tesla All-Superconducting Magnet
 |publisher   = National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, USA
 |year        = 2018
 |url         = https://nationalmaglab.org/magnet-development/magnet-science-technology/magnet-projects/32-tesla-scm
 }}</ref><ref name="MagnetLab">{{cite web
 |title       = Mag Lab World Records
 |website     = Media Center
 |publisher   = National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, USA
 |year        = 2008
 |url         = http://www.magnet.fsu.edu/mediacenter/factsheets/records.html
 |access-date  = 2008-08-31
 |url-status  = dead
 |archive-url  = https://web.archive.org/web/20081007201258/http://www.magnet.fsu.edu/mediacenter/factsheets/records.html
 |archive-date = 2008-10-07
}}</ref> The necessary refrigeration equipment and [[cryostat]] make them much more expensive than ordinary electromagnets. However, in high-power applications this can be offset by lower operating costs, since after startup no power is required for the windings, since no energy is lost to ohmic heating. They are used in [[particle accelerator]]s and [[MRI]] machines.