Editing Demographics of China (section)

== Ethnic groups ==
{{Main list|List of ethnic groups in China}}

The People's Republic of China (PRC) officially recognizes 56 distinct ethnic groups, the largest of which are [[Han Chinese|Han]], who constitute 91.51% of the total population in 2010. Ethnic minorities constitute 8.49% or 113.8&nbsp;million of China's population in 2010. During the past decades ethnic minorities have experienced higher growth rates than the majority [[Han Chinese|Han]] population, because they are not under the one-child policy. Their proportion of the population in China has grown from 6.1% in 1953, to 8.04% in 1990, 8.41% in 2000, and 8.49% in 2010. Large ethnic minorities (data according to the 2000 census) include the [[Zhuang people|Zhuang]] (16&nbsp;million, 1.28%), [[Manchu people|Manchu]] (10&nbsp;million, 0.84%), [[Uyghur people|Uyghur]] (9&nbsp;million, 0.78%), [[Hui Chinese|Hui]] (9&nbsp;million, 0.71%), [[Miao people|Miao]] (8&nbsp;million, 0.71%), [[Yi people|Yi]] (7&nbsp;million, 0.61%), [[Tujia people|Tujia]] (5.75&nbsp;million, 0.63%), [[Mongols in China|Mongols]] (5&nbsp;million, 0.46%), [[Tibetan people|Tibetan]] (5&nbsp;million, 0.43%), [[Buyei]] (3&nbsp;million, 0.23%), and [[Koreans|Korean]] (2&nbsp;million, 0.15%). Over 126,000 Westerners from [[Canada]], the [[US]] and [[Europe]] are living in mainland China.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.beijingrelocation.com/blog/expats-in-china-nationalities-and-in-which-cities-they-settle/ |title=Expats in China: Nationalities and in which cities they settle |access-date=9 February 2020 |archive-date=5 May 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220505091557/http://www.beijingrelocation.com/blog/expats-in-china-nationalities-and-in-which-cities-they-settle/ |url-status=live}}</ref> Almost 1% of people living in [[Hong Kong]] are [[Westerners]].{{citation needed|date=July 2024}}

{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align: right"
|+Population of China according to ethnic group in censuses 1953–2020<ref name=autogenerated2 />
! Ethnic group
! Language family
! 1953 !! %
! 1964 !! %
! 1982 !! %
! 1990 !! %
! 2000 !! %
! 2010<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.stats.gov.cn/tjsj/pcsj/rkpc/6rp/excel/A0201.xls |format=XLS |title=2-1 全国各民族分年龄、性别的人口 |website=Stats.gov.cn |access-date=31 August 2017 |archive-date=24 September 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924122908/http://www.stats.gov.cn/tjsj/pcsj/rkpc/6rp/excel/A0201.xls |url-status=live}}</ref> !! %
! 2020<ref name="stats.gov.cn">{{cite web |url=http://www.stats.gov.cn/english/PressRelease/202105/t20210510_1817185.html |title=Main Data of the Seventh National Population Census |website=Stats.gov.cn |access-date=25 July 2021 |archive-date=11 May 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210511031334/http://www.stats.gov.cn/english/PressRelease/202105/t20210510_1817185.html |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.stats.gov.cn/tjsj/ndsj/2021/indexee.htm |title=China Statistical Yearbook 2021 |access-date=12 November 2021 |archive-date=12 November 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211112214228/http://www.stats.gov.cn/tjsj/ndsj/2021/indexee.htm |url-status=live}}</ref> !! %
|-
| style="text-align:left;"|[[Han Chinese|Han]] || style="text-align:left;"| [[Sino-Tibetan languages|Sino-Tibetan]]
|547,283,057 ||93.94
|651,296,368 ||94.22
|936,703,824 ||93.30
|1,039,187,548 ||91.92
|1,137,386,112 ||91.53
|1,220,844,520 ||91.60
|1,286,310,000 ||91.11
|-
| style="text-align:left;"| Minority groups
|
|35,320,360||6.06
|39,883,909||5.78
|67,233,254||6.67
|90,570,743||8.01
|105,225,173||8.47
|111,966,349||8.40
|125,470,000||8.89
|-
| style="text-align:left;"| [[Zhuang people|Zhuang]] || style="text-align:left;"| [[Tai-Kadai]]
|6,611,455||1.13
|8,386,140||1.21
|13,441,900||1.32
|15,555,820||1.38
|16,178,811||1.28
|16,926,381||1.27
|19,568,546||1.39
|-
| style="text-align:left;"| [[Uyghurs]] || style="text-align:left;"| [[Turkic languages|Turkic]]
|3,640,125||0.62
|3,996,311||0.58
|5,917,030||0.59
|7,207,024||0.64
|8,399,393||0.66
|10,069,346||0.76
|11,774,538||0.84
|-
| style="text-align:left;"| [[Hui people|Hui]] || style="text-align:left;"| [[Sino-Tibetan languages|Sino-Tibetan]]
|3,559,350||0.61
|4,473,147||0.64
|7,207,780||0.71
|8,612,001||0.76
|9,816,802||0.78
|10,586,087||0.79
|11,377,914||0.81
|-
| style="text-align:left;"| [[Miao people|Miao]] || style="text-align:left;"| [[Hmong-Mien languages|Hmong-Mien]]
|2,511,339||0.43
|2,782,088||0.40
|5,017,260||0.50
|7,383,622||0.65
|8,940,116||0.71
|9,426,007||0.71
|11,067,929||0.79
|-
| style="text-align:left;"| [[Manchu]] || style="text-align:left;"| [[Tungusic languages|Tungusic]]
|2,418,931||0.42
|2,695,675||0.39
|4,299,950||0.43
|9,846,776||0.87
|10,682,263||0.84
|10,387,958||0.78
|10,423,303||0.74
|-
| style="text-align:left;"| [[Yi people|Yi]] || style="text-align:left;"| [[Sino-Tibetan languages|Sino-Tibetan]]
|3,254,269||0.56
|3,380,960||0.49
|5,492,330||0.54
|6,578,524||0.58
|7,762,286||0.61
|8,714,393||0.65
|9,830,327||0.70
|-
| style="text-align:left;"| [[Tujia people|Tujia]] || style="text-align:left;"| [[Sino-Tibetan languages|Sino-Tibetan]]
| || 
| ||
|284,900||0.03
|5,725,049||0.51
|8,028,133||0.63
|8,353,912||0.63
|9,587,732||0.68
|-
| style="text-align:left;"| [[Tibetans]] || style="text-align:left;"| [[Sino-Tibetan languages|Sino-Tibetan]]
|2,775,622||0.48
|2,501,174||0.36
|3,821,950||0.38
|4,593,072||0.41
|5,416,021||0.43
|6,282,187||0.47
|7,060,731||0.50
|-
| style="text-align:left;"| [[Mongols]] || style="text-align:left;"| [[Mongolic languages|Mongolic]]
|1,462,956||0.25
|1,965,766||0.28
|3,402,200||0.34
|4,802,407||0.42
|5,813,947||0.46
|5,981,840||0.45
|6,290,204||0.45
|-
| style="text-align:left;"| [[Buyei]] || style="text-align:left;"| [[Tai-Kadai]]
|1,247,883||0.21
|1,348,055||0.19
|2,103,150||0.21
|2,548,294||0.22
|2,971,460||0.23
|2,870,034||0.22
|3,576,752||0.25
|-
| style="text-align:left;"| [[Dong people|Dong]]|| style="text-align:left;"| [[Tai-Kadai]]
| 712802 ||
| 836123||
|1,446,190 ||0.14
|2,508,624 ||0.22
|2,960,293 ||0.24
|2,879,974 ||0.22
|3,495,993 ||0.25
|-
| style="text-align:left;"| [[Yao people|Yao]] || style="text-align:left;"| [[Hmong-Mien languages|Hmong-Mien]]
|665933 	 ||
| 857265 	||
|1,414,870 ||0.14
|2,137,033 ||0.19
|2,637,421 ||0.21
|2,796,003 ||0.21
|3,309,341 ||0.23
|-
| style="text-align:left;"| [[Bai people|Bai]] || style="text-align:left;"| [[Sino-Tibetan languages|Sino-Tibetan]]
|567119 	 ||
|706623 	 ||
|1,147,360 ||0.11
|1,598,052 ||0.14
|1,858,063 ||0.15
|1,933,510 ||0.15
|2,091,543 ||0.15
|-
| style="text-align:left;"| [[Hani people|Hani]] || style="text-align:left;"| [[Sino-Tibetan languages|Sino-Tibetan]]
|481220 	 ||
| 628727 	||
|1,063,300 ||0.11
|1,254,800 ||0.11
|1,439,673 ||0.12
|1,660,932 ||0.12
|1,733,166 ||0.12
|-
| style="text-align:left;"| [[Koreans|Korean]] || style="text-align:left;"| [[Koreanic languages|Koreanic]]
|1,120,405||0.19
|1,339,569||0.19
|1,783,150||0.18
|1,923,361||0.17
|1,923,842||0.15
|1,830,929||0.14
|1,702,479||0.12
|-
| style="text-align:left;"| [[Li people|Li]] || style="text-align:left;"| [[Tai-Kadai]]
| 360950 	||
| 438813 	||
|882,030 ||0.09
|1,112,498 ||0.10
|1,247,814 ||0.10
|1,463,064 ||0.11
|1,602,104 ||0.11
|-
| style="text-align:left;"| [[Kazakhs|Kazakh]] || style="text-align:left;"| [[Turkic languages|Turkic]]
| 509375 	||
|491637 	 ||
|878,570 ||0.09
|1,110,758 ||0.10
|1,250,458 ||0.10
|1,462,588 ||0.11
|1,562,518 ||0.11
|-
| style="text-align:left;"| [[Dai people|Dai]] || style="text-align:left;"| [[Tai-Kadai]]
| 478966 	||
| 535389 	||
|864,340 ||0.09
|1,025,402 ||0.09
|1,158,989 ||0.09
|1,261,311 ||0.09
|1,329,985 ||0.09
|-
|style="text-align:left;"| [[She people|She]] || style="text-align:left;"| [[Hmong-Mien languages|Hmong-Mien]]
| ||
|234167 	 ||
|379,080 ||0.04
|634,700 ||0.06
|709,592 ||0.06
|708,651 ||0.05
|-
| style="text-align:left;"| [[Lisu people|Lisu]] || style="text-align:left;"| [[Sino-Tibetan languages|Sino-Tibetan]]
|317465 	 ||
|270628 	 ||
|466,760 ||0.05
|574,589 ||0.05
|634,912 ||0.05
|702,839 ||0.05
|-
| style="text-align:left;"| [[Gelao people|Gelao]] || style="text-align:left;"| [[Tai-Kadai]]
| ||
|26852 	 ||
|59,810 ||0.01
|438,192 ||0.04
|579,357||0.05
|550,746||0.04
|-
| style="text-align:left;"| [[Dongxiang people|Dongxiang]] || style="text-align:left;"| [[Mongolic languages|Mongolic]]
|155761 	 	 ||
|147443 ||
| 279523 	 || –
|373,669 ||0.03
|513,805 ||0.04
|621,500 ||0.05
|-
| style="text-align:left;"| [[Taiwanese aborigines|Gaoshan]] || style="text-align:left;"| [[Austronesian languages|Austronesian]]
|329 		 ||
| 366 ||
|1,750 ||0.00
|2,877 ||0.00
|4,461 ||0.00
|4,009 ||0.00
|-
| style="text-align:left;"| [[Lahu people|Lahu]] || style="text-align:left;"| [[Sino-Tibetan languages|Sino-Tibetan]]
| 139060 	 	||
| 191241||
|320,350 ||0.03
|411,545 ||0.04
|453,705 ||0.04
|485,966 ||0.04
|-
| style="text-align:left;"| [[Sui people|Sui]] || style="text-align:left;"| [[Tai-Kadai]]
|133566 		 ||
|156099  ||
|300,690 ||0.03
|347,116 ||0.03
|406,902 ||0.03
|411,847 ||0.03
|-
| style="text-align:left;"| [[Va people|Va]] || style="text-align:left;"| [[Austroasiatic languages|Mon-Khmer]]
|286158 	 	 ||
| 200272||
|271,050 ||0.03
|351,980 ||0.03
|396,610 ||0.03
|429,709 ||0.03
|-
| style="text-align:left;"| [[Nakhi people|Nakhi]] || style="text-align:left;"| [[Sino-Tibetan languages|Sino-Tibetan]]
|143453 	 	 ||
|156796 ||
|248,650 ||0.02
|277,750 ||0.02
|308,839 ||0.02
|326,295 ||0.02
|-
| style="text-align:left;"| [[Qiang people|Qiang]] || style="text-align:left;"| [[Sino-Tibetan languages|Sino-Tibetan]]
| 35660 	 	||
| 49105||
|109,760 ||0.01
|198,303 ||0.02
|306,072 ||0.02
|309,576 ||0.02
|-
| style="text-align:left;"| [[Monguor people|Tu]] || style="text-align:left;"| [[Mongolic languages|Mongolic]]
|53277 		 ||
| 77349 ||
|148,760 ||0.01
|192,568 ||0.02
|241,198 ||0.02
|289,565 ||0.02
|-
| style="text-align:left;"| [[Mulao people|Mulao]] || style="text-align:left;"| [[Tai-Kadai]]
| ||
|52819 	 ||
|91,790 ||0.01
|160,648 ||0.01
|207,352 ||0.02
|216,257 ||0.02
|-
| style="text-align:left;"| [[Xibe people|Xibe]] || style="text-align:left;"| [[Tungusic languages|Tungusic]]
|19022 	 ||
|33438 	 ||
|77,560 ||0.01
|172,932 ||0.02
|188,824 ||0.02
|190,481 ||0.01
|-
| style="text-align:left;"| [[Kyrgyz people|Kyrgyz]] || style="text-align:left;"| [[Turkic languages|Turkic]]
| 70944 	 	||
|70151 ||
|108,790 ||0.01
|143,537 ||0.01
|160,823 ||0.01
|186,708 ||0.01
|-
| style="text-align:left;"| [[Daur people|Daur]] || style="text-align:left;"| [[Mongolic languages|Mongolic]]
| ||
| 63394 	||
| 94126 	 || –
|121,463 ||0.01
|132,143 ||0.01
|131,992 ||0.01
|-
| style="text-align:left;"| [[Jingpo people|Jingpo]] || style="text-align:left;"| [[Sino-Tibetan languages|Sino-Tibetan]]
| 101852 		||
| 57762 ||
|100,180 ||0.01
|119,276 ||0.01
|132,143 ||0.01
|147,828 ||0.01
|-
| style="text-align:left;"| [[Maonan people|Maonan]] || style="text-align:left;"| [[Tai-Kadai]]
| ||
|22382 	 ||
|37,450 ||0.00
|72,370 ||0.01
|107,106 ||0.01
|101,192 ||0.01
|-
| style="text-align:left;"| [[Salar people|Salar]] || style="text-align:left;"| [[Turkic languages|Turkic]]
|30658 ||
| 69135||
|68,030 ||0.01
|82,398 ||0.01
|104,503 ||0.01
|130,607 ||0.01
|-
| style="text-align:left;"| [[Blang people|Blang]] || style="text-align:left;"| [[Austroasiatic languages|Mon-Khmer]]
|  		||
| 39411 	 ||
|  58473 	 || –
|87,546 ||0.01
|91,882 ||0.01
|119,639 ||0.01
|-
| style="text-align:left;"| [[Tajiks in China|Tajik]] || style="text-align:left;"| [[Indo-European languages|Indo-European]]
|14462 	 	 ||
| 16236||
|27,430 ||0.00
|33,223 ||0.00
|41,028 ||0.00
|51,069 ||0.00
|-
| style="text-align:left;"| [[Achang people|Achang]] || style="text-align:left;"| [[Sino-Tibetan languages|Sino-Tibetan]]
| ||
|12032 	 ||
|31,490 ||0.00
|27,718 ||0.00
|33,936 ||0.00
|39,555 ||0.00
|-
| style="text-align:left;"| [[Pumi people|Pumi]] || style="text-align:left;"| [[Sino-Tibetan languages|Sino-Tibetan]]
| ||
| 14298 	||
|18,860 ||0.00
|29,721 ||0.00
|33,600 ||0.00
|42,861 ||0.00
|-
| style="text-align:left;"| [[Evenks|Ewenki]] || style="text-align:left;"| [[Tungusic languages|Tungusic]]
|4957 		 ||
|9681  ||
|19,440 ||0.00
|26,379 ||0.00
|30,505 ||0.00
|30,875 ||0.00
|-
| style="text-align:left;"| [[Nu people|Nu]] || style="text-align:left;"| [[Sino-Tibetan languages|Sino-Tibetan]]
| ||
| 15047 	||
|25,980 ||0.00
|27,190 ||0.00
|28,759 ||0.00
|37,523 ||0.00
|-
| style="text-align:left;"| [[Gin people|Gin (Vietnamese)]] || style="text-align:left;"| [[Austroasiatic languages|Mon-Khmer]]
| ||
| ||
|12,140 ||0.00
|18,749 ||0.00
|22,517 ||0.00
|28,199 ||0.00
|-
| style="text-align:left;"| [[Jino people|Jino]] || style="text-align:left;"| [[Sino-Tibetan languages|Sino-Tibetan]]
| ||
| ||
|11,260 ||0.00
|18,022 ||0.00
|20,899 ||0.00
|23,143 ||0.00
|-
| style="text-align:left;"| [[Palaung people|De'ang]] || style="text-align:left;"| [[Austroasiatic languages|Mon-Khmer]]
| ||
| ||
| – || –
|15,461 ||0.00
|17,935 ||0.00
|20,556 ||0.00
|-
| style="text-align:left;"| [[Bonan people|Bonan]] || style="text-align:left;"| [[Mongolic languages|Mongolic]]
| 4957 		||
|5125  ||
|6,620 ||0.00
|11,683 ||0.00
|16,505 ||0.00
|20,074 ||0.00
|-
| style="text-align:left;"| [[Russians in China|Russian]] || style="text-align:left;"| [[Indo-European languages|Indo-European]]
|22656 	 	 ||
|1326 ||
|2,830 ||0.00
|13,500 ||0.00
|15,609 ||0.00
|15,393 ||0.00
|-
| style="text-align:left;"| [[Yugur people|Yugur]] || style="text-align:left;"| [[Turkic languages|Turkic]]
|3861 		 ||
|5717  ||
|7,670 ||0.00
|12,293 ||0.00
|13,719 ||0.00
|14,378 ||0.00
|-
| style="text-align:left;"| [[Uzbeks|Uzbek]] || style="text-align:left;"| [[Turkic languages|Turkic]]
|13626 		 ||
| 7717 ||
|13,810 ||0.00
|14,763 ||0.00
|13,370 ||0.00
|10,569 ||0.00
|-
| style="text-align:left;"| [[Monpa people|Monba]] || style="text-align:left;"| [[Sino-Tibetan languages|Sino-Tibetan]]
| ||
|3809 	 ||
|1,040||0.00
|7,498||0.00
|8,923||0.00
|10,561||0.00
|-
| style="text-align:left;"| [[Oroqen people|Oroqen]] || style="text-align:left;"| [[Tungusic languages|Tungusic]]
| 2262 ||
| 	2709||
|2,280 ||0.00
|7,004 ||0.00
|8,196 ||0.00
|8,659 ||0.00
|-
| style="text-align:left;"| [[Derung people|Derung]] || style="text-align:left;"| [[Sino-Tibetan languages|Sino-Tibetan]]
| ||
| ||
|4,250 ||0.00
|5,825 ||0.00
|7,426 ||0.00
|6,930 ||0.00
|-
| style="text-align:left;"| [[Chinese Tatars]] || style="text-align:left;"| [[Turkic languages|Turkic]]
|6929 	 ||
|	2294  ||
|7,510 ||0.00
|5,064 ||0.00
|4,890 ||0.00
|3,556 ||0.00
|-
| style="text-align:left;"| [[Nanai people|Hezhen]] || style="text-align:left;"| [[Tungusic languages|Tungusic]]
| ||
| 718 	||
|670 ||0.00
|4,254 ||0.00
|4,640 ||0.00
|5,354 ||0.00
|-
| style="text-align:left;"| [[Lhoba people|Lhoba]] || style="text-align:left;"| [[Sino-Tibetan languages|Sino-Tibetan]]
| ||
| ||
|1,030 ||0.00
|2,322 ||0.00
|2,965 ||0.00
|3,682 ||0.00
|-
| style="text-align:left;"| [[Unrecognized ethnic groups in China|Unrecognized]]
|
| ||
| ||
|3,370,880 ||0.33
|3,498 ||0.00
|734,379 ||0.06
|640,101 ||0.05
|-
| style="text-align:left;"| Unknown
|
| ||
| ||
|4,720||0.00
|752,347 ||0.07
| – || –
| – || –
|-
| style="text-align:left;"| [[Nationality law of the People's Republic of China|Naturalized]]
|
| ||
| ||
| – || –
| – || –
|941||0.00
|1,448 ||0.00
|- style="background:#e0e0e0;"
! style="text-align:left;" colspan="2"| Total China
! colspan="2" | 582,603,417
! colspan="2" | 694,581,759
! colspan="2" | 1,008,175,288
! colspan="2" | 1,133,682,501
! colspan="2" | 1,242,612,226
! colspan="2" | 1,332,810,869
! colspan="2" | 1,411,778,724
|}

Neither [[Hong Kong]] nor [[Macau]] recognizes the official ethnic classifications maintained by the central government. In Macau, the largest substantial ethnic groups of non-Chinese descent are the [[Macanese people|Macanese]], of mixed Chinese and Portuguese descent ([[Eurasia]]ns), as well as migrants from the [[Philippines]] and [[Thailand]]. Overseas Filipinos (overwhelmingly female) working as domestic workers comprise the largest non-Han Chinese ethnic group in Hong Kong.{{citation needed|date=July 2024}}

===People from other immigration jurisdictions===
The 2020 Census counted 371,380 residents from Hong Kong, 55,732 residents from [[Macau]], 157,886 residents from [[Taiwan]], and 845,697 residents from other locations, totaling 1,430,695 residents.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.stats.gov.cn/english/newsandcomingevents/t20110429_402722638.htm |title=Major Figures on Residents from Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan and Foreigners Covered by 2010 Population Census |website=Stats.gov.cn |access-date=14 October 2013 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110514214156/http://www.stats.gov.cn/english/newsandcomingevents/t20110429_402722638.htm |archive-date=14 May 2011 |df=dmy}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=在国内的外国人中，哪个国家的人最多？_越南_缅甸_日本 |url=https://www.sohu.com/a/www.sohu.com/a/590188122_120884220 |access-date=2023-05-08 |website=www.sohu.com}}{{Dead link|date=May 2024 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref>

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Nationality !! Residents
|-
| [[Myanmar]]|| 351,248
|-
| [[Vietnam]]|| 79,212
|-
|[[South Korea]]
|59,242
|-
| [[United States]]|| 55,226
|-
| [[Japan]]|| 36,838
|-
| [[Canada]] || 21,309
|-
| [[Australia]]|| 13,777
|-
| [[Russia]]|| 12,513
|-
| [[United Kingdom]] || 11,236
|-
| [[Nigeria]]|| 10,654
|-
| Other countries || 234,600
|-
|'''''TOTAL'''''
|''845,697''
|}