Editing Deer (section)

===Internal relationships===

A 2006 [[phylogenetic]] study of the internal relationships in Cervidae by Clément Gilbert and colleagues divided the family into two major clades: Capreolinae (telemetacarpal or New World deer) and Cervinae (plesiometacarpal or Old World deer). Studies in the late 20th century suggested a similar bifurcation in the family. This as well as previous studies support [[monophyly]] in Cervinae, while Capreolinae appears [[paraphyletic]]. The 2006 study identified two lineages in Cervinae, Cervini (comprising the genera ''[[Axis (genus)|Axis]]'', ''[[Cervus]]'', ''[[Dama (deer)|Dama]]'' and ''[[Rucervus]]'') and Muntiacini (''[[Muntiacus]]'' and ''[[Elaphodus]]''). Capreolinae featured three lineages, Alceini (''[[Alces]]'' species), Capreolini (''[[Capreolus]]'' and the subfamily Hydropotinae) and Rangiferini (''[[Blastocerus]]'', ''[[Hippocamelus]]'', ''[[Mazama (genus)|Mazama]]'', ''[[Odocoileus]]'', ''[[Pudu]]'' and ''[[Reindeer|Rangifer]]'' species). The following cladogram is based on the 2006 study.<ref name="Gilbert2006">{{cite journal | last1=Gilbert | first1=C. | last2=Ropiquet | first2=A. | last3=Hassanin | first3=A. | title=Mitochondrial and nuclear phylogenies of Cervidae (Mammalia, Ruminantia): Systematics, morphology, and biogeography | journal=Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution | date=2006 | volume=40 | issue=1 | pages=101–17 | doi=10.1016/j.ympev.2006.02.017 | url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/7194962 | pmid=16584894| bibcode=2006MolPE..40..101G }}</ref>

<!--a small no. of images selected to show range of variation: no need to try to show everything per [[WP:NOTCAT]]-->
{{Clade | style=font-size: 90%; line-height:100%
 | label1='''Cervidae'''
 | 1={{clade
 | label1=[[Cervinae]] (Old World deer)
 | 1={{clade
 | label1=[[Muntiacini]]
 | 1={{clade
 | 1=[[Reeves's muntjac]] 
 | 2=[[Tufted deer]] [[File:The deer of all lands (1898) Michie's tufted deer white background.png| 50px]]
 }}
 | label2=[[Cervini]]
 | 2={{clade
 | 1={{clade
 | 1={{clade
 | 1=[[Common fallow deer]] [[File:Cervus dama - 1818-1842 - Print - Iconographia Zoologica -(white background).jpg| 50px]]
 | 2=[[Persian fallow deer]] [[File:Cervus dama (var. nigra) - 1818-1842 - Print - Iconographia Zoologica - (white background).jpg| 50px]]
 }}
 | 2={{clade
 | 1={{clade
 | 1={{clade
 | 1=[[Javan rusa|Rusa]][[File:The deer of all lands (1898) Moluccan rusa white background.png| 50px]]
 | 2=[[Sambar deer|Sambar]] [[File:Archives du Muséum d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris (1852) (Cervus unicolor).png| 50px]]
 }}
 | 2={{clade
 | 1=[[Red deer]] [[File:Cervus elaphus - 1818-1842 - Print - Iconographia Zoologica - Special Collections University of Amsterdam - (white background).jpg| 50px]]
 | 2=[[Thorold's deer]] [[File:The deer of all lands (1898) Thorold's deer white background.png| 50px]]
 | 3=[[Sika deer]] [[File:Recherches pour servir à l'histoire naturelle des mammifères (Pl. 22) (Cervus nippon).jpg| 50px]]
 | 4=[[Elk]] (Wapiti) [[File:Cervus canadensis - 1818-1842 - Print - Iconographia Zoologica - Special Collections University of Amsterdam - (white background).jpg| 50px]]
 }}
 }}
 | 2={{clade
 | 1=[[Eld's deer]] [[File:Cervus hippelaphus - 1818-1842 - Print - Iconographia Zoologica - (white background).jpg| 50px]]
 | 2=[[Père David's deer]] [[File:Elaphurusdavidianus white background.jpg| 50px]]
 }}
 }}
 }}
 | 2={{clade
 | 1=[[Barasingha]][[File:The deer of all lands (1898) Swamp deer white background.png| 50px]]
 | 2={{clade
 | 1=[[Indian hog deer]]
 | 2=[[Chital]][[File:Cervus axis - 1818-1842 - Print - Iconographia Zoologica - Special Collections University of Amsterdam - (white background).jpg| 50px]]
 }}
 }}
 }}
 }}
 | label2=[[Capreolinae]] (New World deer)
 | 2={{clade
 | label1=[[Rangiferini]]
 | 1={{clade
 | 1=[[Reindeer]] (Caribou) [[File:The deer of all lands (1898) Scandinavian reindeer white background.png| 50px]]
 | 2={{clade
 | 1={{clade
 | 1=[[American red brocket]] [[File:PZSL1850PlateMammalia24 Mazama americana.png| 50px]]
 | 2={{clade
 | 1=[[White-tailed deer]] [[File:The deer of all lands (1898) Virginia deer white background.png| 50px]]
 | 2=[[Mule deer]] [[File:The deer of all lands (1898) Mule deer white background.png| 50px]]
 }}
 }}
 | 2={{clade
 | 1=[[Marsh deer]]
 | 2=[[Gray brocket]]
 | 3=[[Southern pudu]] [[File:Pudu puda Werner (white background).JPG| 50px]]
 | 4=[[Taruca]] [[File:The deer of all lands (1898) Peruvian guemal white background.png| 50px]]
 }}
 }}
 }} 
 | label2=[[Capreolini]]
 | 2={{clade
 | 1=[[Roe deer]] [[File:The deer of all lands (1898) European roe deer white background.png|50px]]
 | label2=
 | 2=[[Water deer]] [[File:The deer of all lands (1898) Chinese water deer white background.png|50px]]
 }}
 | label3=[[Alceini]]
 | 3=[[Moose]] or [[Moose|Eurasian elk]] [[File:The deer of all lands (1898) Elk white background.png|50px]]
 }}
 }}
}}